Between two faces
Pick up the thread by moving the needle away from you. Knit the next stitch, placing the yarn over the right needle as shown.

Between two purl
Throw a thread on the knitting needle, as shown in the figure. Purl the next stitch.

Between purl and front
Leave the thread before work. Knit the next stitch by moving the yarn back over the right stitch as shown.

Between front and back
Pick up the thread by moving the needle towards you, then away from you through the right needle and back towards you, as shown in the figure. Purl the next stitch.

At the beginning of the front row
Keep the thread ahead of the work. Insert the right needle, as in knitting, into the first stitch on the left needle. Slip the yarn back over the right needle and knit the next stitch, holding the yarn with your thumb if necessary.

At the beginning of the purl row
To yarn over at the beginning of a purl row, hold it at work. Insert the right needle, as in purl, into the first stitch on the left needle. Knit a loop from the wrong side.

Multiple yarn
1 For multiple yarn overs (two or more), wrap the yarn around the needle as in a single yarn over, then wrap the yarn again (or as many times as indicated). Knit the next stitch on the left needle.

2 Turn work and purl yarn over. The last yarn over is purl on the front row and knit on the purl row.

knitting
Knitting training

Nakida "toward", "from oneself". Designation of loops on the diagrams.

In knitting nakida are used quite often: in patterns with complex weaves of threads, for adding and lengthening loops. Without crochets, it is impossible to knit openwork patterns (through) and the so-called English ones (patterns from crochets and front loops without the participation of purl ones).

There are two ways to make a yarn over: by moving the needle towards you and away from you. Nakid "on my own" is used extremely rarely. Many patterns, for example, such as English ones, with such a crochet are obtained in a distorted form, in openwork patterns, too much of a hole remains from it. In hand knitting, as a rule, apply nakid "to yourself". To perform some openwork patterns, it is sometimes necessary to make several yarns in a row (coils).

The pictures show how to knit
1) nakida to yourself,
2) nakida from yourself,
3) double crochets (coils).
4) the designation of the yarn on the diagrams.

If the front loop follows after the yarn, then it is knitted without difficulty, but if it is wrong, then, while knitting it, the yarn must be held with the index finger of the right hand so that it does not slip off the knitting needle. If, after the yarn, you need to remove the loop without knitting, then the knitting needles are inserted into it from right to left. Sometimes after the yarn (or before it) they knit 2 loops together with the front one. In this case, the knitting needle is inserted into 2 loops at once and one is knitted out of them. The new loop will necessarily be tilted to the right if 2 loops were knitted behind the front walls, or to the left - if behind the back. This pattern is used in openwork patterns for their clearer image.

/ 06.02.2016 at 19:42

Greetings, dear friends!

Let's continue our training. From this lesson, you will learn what knitting yarns are and why they are needed, as well as get acquainted with the basic ways of knitting them.

In fact, everything is very simple. The word "nakid" itself indicates such a technique in knitting, when a working thread is simply thrown over the knitting needle. In this case, an additional loop is formed, as it were, not connected with the previous row, which will be knitted in the next row.

Let's analyze everything in more detail.

Nakida are direct and reverse. A straight yarn is performed as follows: with the right knitting needle, the working thread lying on the index finger of the left hand is picked up, moving towards you, that is, from bottom to top and from right to left:

The thread picked up in this way remains lying on the knitting needle. Next, we continue knitting the next loop of the row, as indicated in the description of the pattern, or in the diagram. At the same time, we lightly hold the newly formed yarn with the index finger of the right hand.

The reverse yarn is done the other way around: we pick up the working thread with the right knitting needle already away from us - also from the bottom up, only in the direction from left to right:

If the description does not specifically indicate what kind of yarn should be done, then it means that it should be a straight yarn. But really, it doesn't matter much. You can knit a crochet either straight or reverse. The main thing is how you knit it in the next row! And this already depends on the purpose for which the yarns are performed. And move on to the next section of the lesson.

Why do you need capes

Basically, the crochets serve the following purposes:

The formation of holes in a knitted fabric when knitting openwork patterns

Since the yarn over adds a loop in any case, in order to balance the number of loops of the row, the number of loops that have been added by the yarn over is reduced by knitting the loops 2 together sometimes 3 together. And since the yarn is not connected in any way with the previous row, then a hole is obtained in its place (if the yarn is knitted correctly in the next row).

As a rule, in openwork patterns, unless otherwise specified, yarn overs in the wrong rows are knitted with purl loops. To make a hole, the yarn is knitted with a regular, not crossed loop (see. lesson 6). That is, if you knitted a straight yarn over in the front row, then it will lie on the knitting needle so that in order to form a hole, it must be knitted with a loop behind the front wall. Conversely, the reverse yarn in the next row for this purpose will need to be knitted behind the back wall.

Note: If you knit an openwork pattern in a circle, then in this case the crochets need to be knitted not with purl, but with facial loops.

There are also double crochets. This is when the working thread is picked up by the needle twice. It turns out that the thread wraps around the knitting needle:

These yarns are rarely used, usually in patterns where you need to get large holes. In such cases, the description of the pattern indicates how to proceed with the crochet in the next row: sometimes it is simply unraveled, and sometimes it is knitted together with nearby loops.

As a result of knitting double crochets, the holes are large

Expansion of knitted fabric by adding loops with yarn overs

This expansion method is used when you need to add loops not only along the edges, but also in the middle of the knitted fabric. For example, vertical tucks from the waistline in complex fitted models, the expansion of skirts, if they are not knitted from above, etc. And then there are no holes.

For beginner knitters, sometimes it is difficult how to knit crochets so that there are no holes. It's simple - for this, in the next row they need to be knitted with crossed loops. That is, straight yarn overs in the next row are knitted with a loop behind the back wall (front or wrong side, based on the pattern of the canvas), and reverse yarn overs - behind the front wall. That's all wisdom.

Or even easier, so as not to bother - pick up the yarn so that its loop seems to be twisted:

In this photo, you can see that the places where the stitches are added, obtained by yarn overs, knitted with crossed loops, are actually hardly noticeable:

Using yarn in other patterns

Nakida are also used in patent (such as English gum) and in semi-patent patterns ( pearl gum). There they are knitted together with the removed loop, which follows the yarn, and therefore they do not form any holes or extensions, but simply serve to form a special texture of the knitted fabric.

Well, friends, I hope now you will not have any questions about crochets, and if you do, ask them in the comments to this article.

Today's lesson is not to be missed! Otherwise, you will not be able to move further in the right direction.

The theme of the lesson is devoted to the study of the most important element of knitting, which is called a crochet.

Nakid used along with front and back loops when knitting openwork patterns. In a simple way, this is an additional loop that increases the total number of loops in a knitting row.

Thanks to the crochets in knitted fabric holes are formed, since these loops are not connected with the loops of the previous row. In order for the number of loops on the knitting needle to remain unchanged when using the crochet, the two preceding yarn or two subsequent loops are knitted together.

The nakid is so called because the thread that goes from the ball to knitting lashes out on the right needle. Threading can be done in two ways: front to back And back to front.

What does it mean? What kind of yarn is used when knitting?

Let's see how it is formed straight yarn. The thread from the work (on the right side) goes up to the right knitting needle from the front side of this knitting needle, goes around it from front to back and goes down the back side of the right knitting needle.

What analogy do we see here?

Let's remember classical loop formation mechanism: from right broach (i.e., the place from which a new loop begins) the thread goes around the knitting needle front and goes down behind spokes. This is true for both purl and purl loops.

We repeat once again: the correct position of the loop is when its right leg is located in front of the knitting needle!

In the same way, a classic yarn must obey this rule: from the previous loop, the thread first goes in front of the knitting needle, then behind.

Understanding the logic behind this strict law of classical loops, you will never get confused in answering to yourself the question: “How to make a crochet?”

The yarn over rule can be supplemented with a description of the movement of the knitting needle: with the right knitting needle we make moving towards yourself grabbing the thread from the ball from below.

Let's simplify the understanding even more: the knitting needle is feminine, the spoon is also feminine. We act with a knitting needle in the same way as with a spoon when we eat soup and bring it to our mouth. Play these movements and you will immediately understand everything.

If, after the yarn, you need to knit the front or back loop, then the yarn should be held on top with the index finger of the right hand (slightly pressed against the knitting needle).

On the wrong side, the yarn is usually knitted.

The main reasons for the unpopularity of the reverse crochet:

• It does not form a pronounced hole in the knitted fabric;
• It is extremely difficult to knit from the wrong side;
• According to the method of education, it does not correspond to the classical scheme.

In the next lesson, we will look at how to apply a straight yarn over to get a straight edge.

There are regular and reverse crochets. Most often, a regular yarn is used. Reverse crochet is used less often.

The usual crochet is done like this: the end of the right knitting needle is brought from left to right under the working thread and the knitting needle is turned together with the thread thrown over to its original position (Fig. 11), thus forming a new additional loop in the row being performed, which is called the crochet.

How to do

A feature of the yarn is that this loop is not connected with the loop of the underlying row, therefore, an openwork loop appears in the canvas between the two columns of loops. If the nakid in the next row is not knitted together with another loop, then it becomes the beginning of a new column of loops.

When the front loop comes after the yarn, it is knitted in the usual way, without any difficulty. If, after the crochet, a purl loop follows, then so that the yarn does not slip off the knitting needle, it has to be held with the index finger of the right hand. The purl loop is knitted in the usual way.
Most often, in the next row, the yarn is knitted with a purl loop. To do this, the end of the right knitting needle is threaded into the loop of the yarn from right to left, from back to front, towards itself (Fig. 12) and the wrong loop is knitted.

Rice. 12. Purl yarn over

If the end of the right knitting needle is entered into the loop incorrectly, then the openwork loop required from the yarn will not work.

To perform some openwork knitting patterns, you need to make several crochets in a row. Then, on the right knitting needle, the required number of crochets is dialed in the same way as described above. The reverse crochet is performed as follows. The end of the right knitting needle grabs the working thread from top to right to left, towards itself (Fig. 13).

Rice. 13. Reverse yarn over

Usually, after the reverse yarn over, the next loop is removed without knitting, moreover, so that the end of the right knitting needle, on which the reverse yarn hangs, goes into the loop from right to left, from back to front.

Stretched loops with crochets

There are several ways to knit elongated loops with crochets.
First way.
Before the loop, taken according to the drawing, a crochet is made on the first knitting needle a(Fig. 1), after which the needle is threaded from front to back into the loop b(Fig. 2) and the last one is removed from the left to the right knitting needle.

Rice. 1. Yarn over

Rice. 2. Transfer the removed loop to the right knitting needle

If the wrong loop is removed, then the knitting needle must be inserted from back to front, also having previously made a crochet.
Where the loop of the previous row is removed, a new loop is not knitted through it, but a yarn is made in this place, which is located in front or behind this loop. Therefore, such loops are called untied, or elongated with crochets.

The second way.

The loop taken in accordance with the pattern is removed without knitting from the left to the right knitting needle, and the thread going from the previous loop to the next is left in the form of a straight segment behind the untied loop.
In the next row, when knitting an elongated loop, the right knitting needle is inserted under the thread segment A and in a loop b(Fig. 3), grab the working thread and pull it back.

Rice. 3. Inserting the needle into the loop and under the thread

If you need to knit a facial loop, then the knitting needle must be inserted from back to front under a piece of thread and into an elongated loop.
With this method of knitting, the loops of the rows from which the yarn comes are pulled together a little more. It is possible to shoot the same loops during the formation of each new row, without knitting them and making a crochet before that each time, up to five to seven times.
When composing the pattern, it should be remembered that if you remove the loop once without knitting, it will take 2 rows in height, and there will be 1 crochet in front of it or behind it. If you remove the loop twice, then it will take 3 rows, and behind it there will be 2 crochets (Fig. 4).

Rice. 4. Knitting a front elongated loop with crochets

How many times we remove the loop without knitting, so many crochets will turn out, and the number of rows occupied by it will be one more than the number of crochets.
When knitting the removed loops with crochets, the arches of the crochets are always located on the wrong side of the knitted loop. The ends of the yarns, connecting the bows with the loops, can be brought out to the other side of the pattern.
The reception of knitting yarns when knitting a new front loop is shown in fig. 4. The knitting needle is inserted from front to back under all yarn overs and a loop that has not been knitted before. A, grab the working thread and form a new loop b, dragging the thread forward. In this case, all yarns are located in a bundle behind an elongated loop.
When knitting a purl loop b(fig. 5) by dragging it through the elongated loop A with crochets, the right knitting needle is inserted from back to front under all crochets and into the loop A, throw on a working thread and drag it from front to back, and the yarns are again located on the wrong side.

If it is necessary that the ends of the yarns be visible from the front side of the loops, then the adjacent loops are knitted inside out or the yarns are placed only behind one middle loop from the group of untied loops.
Nakida, collected behind one loop and placed in a fan on the front side on both sides of the loop, form a bow (Fig. 6).

Rice. 6. Pattern "bows"

When knitting such patterns, at the place where the bow is formed, several loops in a row are removed without knitting, without making crochets in front of them, and the thread is left on the front side of the removed loops. Then (Fig. 7) through loop 1 knit the usual front loop.

Rice. 7. Scheme of weaving the pattern "bows"

When knitting a loop 2 the knitting needle is inserted into it from front to back under all segments, the working thread is grabbed and dragged to the front side of the loop 2 . next loop 3 knitted in the usual way.
Sometimes several loose loops are made in a row in the same row, and all the yarns formed in front of them should be behind these loops (Fig. 8).

Rice. 8. Weave with several elongated loops

In this case, when knitting each elongated loop, the knitting needle is always inserted under the crochet and into the loop.
On fig. 9 shows that loop 1 is removed on the right knitting needle and a crochet is made in front of it A. In addition, a crochet is made on the same needle b and the loop must also be removed 2 .

Rice. 9. Slip off stitches when making long stitches with double crochets in a row

On fig. 10 shows the moment of knitting a loop 2 : the knitting needle is inserted from front to back into this loop and under the crochet b, grab a new thread and drag it forward, and push the left knitting needle with the index finger of the right hand until the loop comes off it 2 and yarn over b.
In the same way, knit the next elongated loop. 1 double crochet A.

Rice. 10. Knitting an elongated loop with a crochet

By combining non-knitted loops with crochets and ordinary loops, you can get tinted, embossed patterns and patterns that imitate openwork.
Shade patterns are obtained by knitting silk products. Since elongated and ordinary loops reflect light differently, the areas occupied by small loops appear darker than the areas occupied by large ones.
Relief patterns will be obtained if the unknitted loops with crochets are staggered. In this case, sections of ordinary loops, located between untied ones, form a slight bulge on the right side. To get a convex circle, the loops must be removed without knitting, up to five to six times; this will strongly tighten the loops of the extreme columns of the site, forming a bulge.
On fig. 11 shows the cartridge of the relief pattern shown in fig. 12.

Rice. 11. Pattern chuck

Rice. 12. A pattern of loose loops with crochets on a background of ordinary loops

Imitation of openwork patterns is achieved by the arrangement of unknitted double crochet loops against the background of ordinary loops. Elongated loops form gaps.
On fig. 13 is a schematic representation of the interlacing of the pattern shown in fig. 14, where all the crochets are located only on the right side of knitting.

Rice. 13. The pattern of weaving the pattern in fig. 14.

Rice. 14. Pattern in which yarns are located on the right side of knitting

The loops are cast on crosswise, knit one row on the front side, then knit another 1 row on the left side: 1 purl, 1 is removed and a crochet is made in front of it. It is very important to make the yarn over correctly: the thread is on the right side of the knitting, we hook it from below with the right knitting needle so that it lies on half of the knitting needle, and we insert the right knitting needle under the first loop on the left knitting needle, remove this loop. Thus, it should turn out that the working thread passes along the right side of the knitting. Due to this, a two-layer knitting is obtained.
Then they begin to repeat the pattern.
Row 1. Through all the loops of the previous row, the front loops are knitted, and the yarn is removed on the right knitting needle without knitting. That is, if you look in order: over out. we knit with front loops, then there is a front loop with a crochet, which is located on the knitting needle after the faces. loops, faces. we knit the loop of faces., and remove the yarn from the left knitting needle to the right.
Row 2. Single crochet loops are removed without knitting, and a crochet is made in front of them, and facial loops are knitted through loops with crochets. Pay attention to how to properly double crochet (described above)!
Then continue to knit all odd rows, like the 1st row, all even ones - like the 2nd.

In case of incorrect knitting of the crochets:

Rice. 15. The pattern obtained when the yarn is incorrectly performed

You can get a semblance of openwork knitting. In the event that a yarn is made in front of the loop, which is an independent loop, and is not located above. Thus, two loops are knitted together in the wrong side, and not a loop with a crochet above it.

Rice. 16. The pattern obtained when the yarn is incorrectly performed

This is what the fabric looks like if the yarns are knitted on the left side. That is, when knitting the front row, the yarn is first knitted, and then the faces. the loop over which this yarn is located.

Next, consider a smooth double-sided knitting with loose loops and crochets. Such knitting is obtained in double thickness and it is performed like an eraser, that is, with a combination of front and back columns.
Considering the weave of the pattern (Fig. 17), shown schematically in fig. 18, we see the same alternation of loops, but only after each loop of the column there is another yarn.

Rice. 17. Pattern of smooth double-sided knitting with untied loops and crochets

Rice. 18. Schematic representation of the pattern in fig. 17.

This weave is knitted as follows: the initial row is performed, as usual, on two knitting needles by throwing it crosswise. The next row is knitted like an eraser 1 + 1, i.e. one wrong loop A alternates with one facial loop b.
When knitting the third and subsequent rows, a thread is placed on the right knitting needle from front to back and a loop is removed from the left knitting needle, facing the knitter from the wrong side. The right needle is inserted from front to back into the next loop, the working thread is captured and pulled from back to front, forming a front loop. Yarn over again, remove the next loop, turned inside out to the knitter, etc. If this weave is used for circular knitting, for example, for sports stockings, then in the first row in front of the front loops they make a yarn over and remove them without knitting, but through the purl loops knit new purl loops.
When knitting the second row, yarn over in front of the purl loops and remove them without knitting, and new front loops are knitted through the front loops.