Harmful driving work: the Ministry of Labor will re-evaluate jobs in public transport. Driver's pension Trolleybus driver privileged experience what is included

Drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams on urban passenger routes have the opportunity to exercise their right to early retirement. Before the generally accepted retirement age in the country, other categories of drivers can also go on a well-deserved rest. However, certain conditions must be met for this to happen.

If you drive a tram or a dump truck...

According to Article 13 of the Law of Ukraine “On Pension Provision”, retirement by age on preferential terms can be:

• drivers of urban passenger transport (buses, trolleybuses and trams);
• drivers of heavy vehicles employed in the technological process in heavy and hazardous industries;

Male drivers are eligible to retire after reaching the age of 55 and with 25 years of service, of which at least 12 years and 6 months of work experience, which entitles them to a reduction in the retirement age. In turn, female drivers can retire after reaching the age of 50 and with 20 years of work experience, of which at least 10 years of special experience.

Also, according to the above article, the following have the right to a preferential pension:

• male tractor drivers directly involved in the production of agricultural products in collective farms, state farms, and other agricultural enterprises - after reaching 55 years of age. At the same time, their total work experience must be at least 25 years, of which at least 20 years in work that entitles them to benefits;
• women who work as tractor drivers, drivers of construction, road machines and trucks mounted on the basis of tractors and excavators - after reaching the age of 50. Their general experience must be 20 years, and their special experience must be at least 15 years.

Prepare your documents

At the same time, the preferential driving experience in each case, when applying for an early pension, must be documented. According to the clarification of the Ministry of Social Security of Ukraine No. 18 dated July 1, 1992, a special commission established at the automobile enterprise has the right to issue a supporting document. This commission should include representatives of the administration of the enterprise, the trade union, the department of social protection of the population, as well as the labor collective. The commission, on the basis of available documents and testimonies, must determine the amount of preferential service for each driver.

The decision of the commission is formalized in the relevant protocol, which is signed by the members of the commission and approved at a meeting of the labor collective. This protocol is a document confirming the privileged experience.

The driver must provide an extract from the specified protocol to the territorial Office of the Pension Fund of Ukraine when applying for an early pension, along with all other documents: the relevant application, work book and salary certificates, if the period before the year 2000 is taken when calculating the pension.

Having fulfilled all the conditions, the categories of drivers indicated above will be able to receive a pension earlier than the retirement age generally accepted in the country.

Tractor drivers directly involved in the production of agricultural products include: workers who are officially registered, have the appropriate certificates, and are constantly employed on tractors and other self-propelled machines throughout the full season of agricultural work in crop production and livestock breeding.

Prepared with the help of the PFC Department in the Kievsky district of Odessa

Drivers of buses, trolleybuses and trams employed on regular urban routes can retire earlier if a number of important conditions are met.

According to the NHS Research Service. The most popular profession that Novosibirsk residents were looking for in May of this year was the profession of a driver, including in public transport. It is worth noting that some representatives of this profession have the right to early appointment of an old-age insurance pension. This category includes drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams employed on regular city routes.

The listed citizens can retire earlier than the generally established retirement age: men at 55, and women at 50. But for the emergence of the right to early retirement, a number of important conditions must be met. First of all, they need, like all citizens, to “collect” at least 30 pension coefficients throughout their working life (taking into account transitional provisions).
The second condition for the appointment of a "preferential" pension is the duration of the insurance period in the relevant jobs. So a man with a total insurance experience of 25 years must work as, for example, a bus driver on a city route, for at least 20 years. For women, the total insurance experience must be 20 years, and at least 15 years in the relevant types of work.

The basis for granting the right to pension benefits to drivers of buses, trolleybuses or trams is full-time work only on regular urban passenger routes. For bus drivers, the period of work is included in the required special experience when employed in bus regular urban passenger transportation. This fact must be documented. As supporting documents, orders for the appointment of a driver of regular urban passenger routes, waybills, personal accounts, payroll statements, collective agreements and other documents containing the necessary information are considered.

Regular urban passenger traffic includes transportation on a regular route that runs within the city limits, the traffic schedule on such a route is approved and agreed with local authorities in the interests of all city residents. On such routes, transportation is carried out with a certain frequency according to the schedule with the boarding and disembarkation of passengers at the stops provided for by the route. The bus must pass all intermediate checkpoints on the route according to the schedule.

Urban passenger bus transportation includes regular transportation that is carried out by a motor vehicle designed for the carriage of passengers with more than 8 seats (in addition to the driver).

Work on urban regular passenger routes can be organized with a semi-express, express or regular traffic mode or a combination of these modes during the day.

Such drivers enjoy the right to pension benefits subject to documentary confirmation of the requirements for regular urban passenger bus routes.

Drivers working on suburban, intercity, specialized routes, as well as drivers performing custom transportation of passengers on routes that are not regular city routes, or drivers of departmental transport transporting company employees are not entitled to pension benefits.

If a bus driver during working hours, along with work on regular city passenger routes, combines work on suburban routes or carries out custom transportation on routes that are not classified as regular city routes, then the issue of his right to an early appointment of a pension is decided depending on what percentage working time is the work that gives the right to this pension. If it is documented that employment on regular urban passenger routes is at least 80% of working time, then in this case they can be considered employed in jobs that give the right to early retirement.

With the summarized accounting of working hours, working hours, confirming the employment of bus drivers on regular urban passenger routes, are determined based on the results of the month. Monthly working time includes the total time of work on the line on a regular city route, the time for preparatory and final work, pre-trip and post-trip medical examinations, elimination of operational malfunctions of the bus when working on the route, scheduled maintenance.

In addition, the periods of work of drivers on regular urban passenger routes after January 1, 2013 are counted as a special length of service, taking into account which the right to early appointment of an old-age pension is determined, only if the employer pays insurance premiums at additional rates. After a special assessment of working conditions at the workplace, periods of work will be subject to offset in the special length of service only if, according to the results of a special assessment, a harmful class of working conditions is established at the driver’s workplace.

In the Novosibirsk Region, there are 686 recipients of early pensions from among drivers employed on regular urban passenger routes.

Today, the profession of a vehicle driver is not only the most common profession, but also the most in demand. Each of us knows what kind of tension and concentration this work requires in the conditions of heavy traffic on the streets of our cities.
Such work leads to the appearance of specific diseases in professional drivers. Therefore, some drivers have the right to become pensioners 5 years earlier than they reach the generally established retirement age, but in order to exercise this right, they will need to fulfill a number of conditions established by pension legislation.

Conditions for early assignment of pensions to bus drivers.

1 . In accordance with Part 10 of Clause 1 of Article 30 of the Law “On Insurance Pension” No. 400-FZ, the old-age insurance pension will be assigned five years earlier than the generally established retirement age (for men at 55 years old, and for women at 50 years old) if they worked as drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams on regular urban passenger routes respectively, at least 20 years and 15 years and have an insurance record of at least 25 years and 20 years, respectively.

In accordance with the current legislation, regular urban passenger routes include the transportation of passengers within the city according to the schedule in accordance with the schedule approved by the municipal government, with the boarding and disembarkation of passengers at specially equipped stops, on a vehicle with more than 8 seats for passengers.

2. Applicants for an early pension are required to accumulate at least 30 pension points (pension coefficients) on their personal account with the Pension Fund. In the period up to 2024, it is required to have fewer pension points, taking into account the transitional provisions in accordance with Article 35 of Law No. 400-FZ.

3 . In accordance with paragraphs 4 - 6 of the "Rules for calculating periods of work giving the right to early appointment of a pension ..." No. 516, the basis for granting the right to early appointment of a pension is work that is performed constantly during full working hours and for which the appropriate insurance premiums were paid to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. The periods of such work are counted in the employee's preferential length of service in a calendar order, taking into account periods of annual basic and additional holidays, as well as periods of receiving temporary disability benefits, including periods of receiving benefits for pregnancy and childbirth.
￭ If an urban public transport driver performed full-time work, but part-time work (due to a reduction in work volume), then such periods will be calculated on the basis of actual hours worked.
￭ If the driver of a passenger motor transport company combines work on regular urban passenger routes with work on suburban routes, then such work can be included in his preferential service only if employment on regular urban routes is at least 80% of his working time.

4 . The work of drivers on regular urban passenger routes in the period after 01/01/2013 is counted as a preferential period of service, provided that the employer pays insurance premiums to the Pension Fund at ADDITIONAL tariffs.
At the workplaces of drivers, a special assessment of working conditions (SUT) should be carried out and a “harmful class of working conditions” should be established for them.

Important . Information that the work giving the right to early retirement was performed during full working hours on regular urban passenger routes must be documented.
Documents confirming the fact of such work may be orders to appoint an employee to work as a driver on regular city routes, as well as waybills, route sheets, personal accounts, payroll and other documents that contain relevant information.

Early retirement for truck drivers

In addition to drivers of city buses, truck drivers (part 5, clause 1, article 30 No. 400-FZ) who have worked for at least 12 years and 6 months - men and 10 years - women, directly in the technological process in mines, cuts, in mines or ore quarries for the export of coal, shale, ore, rocks and have an insurance record of at least 25/20 years (male / female)

1. I have 1 year and 2 months left until retirement. My son is 9 years old and my wife does not work. I work as a driver. Today I was called to the personnel department and offered to resign under a mutual agreement with the payment of one salary to me, and if I do not agree, they will bring me under the article what should I do?

1.1. - Complain to the labor inspectorate.
- Agree with the dismissal.
- don't quit.
You decide.

2. I have worked as a bus driver in urban transportation for over 23 years. Can I retire at 55 years old.

2.1. Hello! Yes, if you have a total insurance period of at least 25 years and if you have an individual pension coefficient (IPC) of at least 30.

The old-age insurance pension is assigned before reaching the age established by Article 8 of this Federal Law, if there is an individual pension coefficient of at least 30 to the following persons:

Men upon reaching the age of 55 and women upon reaching the age of 50, if they have worked as drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams on regular urban passenger routes for at least 20 years and 15 years, respectively, and have an insurance record of at least 25 years and 20 years, respectively (clause 10 of part 1 of article 30 of the Federal Law of December 28, 2013 N 400-FZ "On insurance pensions").

3. My husband has worked as a driver of the first category all his life. Retired. Last year I got a job in the same organization, but already in the 4th category in an UAZ. From December to February, he worked at the URAL-water carrier and in the calculations he was given the 5th category. Since March, he again switched to UAZ, and the category was again lowered. Question: Are there any violations here? And in addition. in the agreement he is listed as a worker of the first category - is he working on a bicycle? Explain to me, please, where are the violations?

3.1. The category of his work clearly does not correspond to the duties performed. They could not arbitrarily change the category and terms of payment, regulated by the tariff scale and the terms of the contract. This is allowed by agreement of the parties. According to article 72 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation
Changing the terms of the employment contract determined by the parties, including transfer to another job, is allowed only by agreement of the parties to the employment contract, with the exception of cases provided for by this Code. An agreement to change the terms of an employment contract determined by the parties is concluded in writing.

If the category has been changed, then this is a reason for a complaint to the State Labor Inspectorate, because. there are violations in this. He also has the right to resolve the dispute in the manner prescribed by Articles 391-392 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, in a pre-trial procedure, as well as file a claim with the district court to resolve the dispute by the court.

3.2. Hello. Probably you meant the driver of the first class and not the category, but these are completely different things. If so, then there is no violation in your situation. The tariff and qualification characteristics for the position of "Car Driver" were approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated November 10, 1992 N 31 "On approval of tariff and qualification characteristics for industry-wide professions of workers." In accordance with this regulation, the profession of a driver is charged from the 4th to the 6th category, depending on the type and carrying capacity of the controlled vehicle, as well as the range of work performed on them.

3.3. There are no violations, the fact is that he is paid a salary at the rate that is available in the organization, ACCORDING TO THE VEHICLE WHICH HE SERVICES,

Professional and qualification requirements
to employees of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs engaged in transportation by road and urban surface electric transport
(approved by order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of September 28, 2015 N 287)

1. Professional and qualification requirements for employees of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs engaged in transportation by road and urban ground electric transport (hereinafter referred to as Requirements, employees) are developed in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 20 of the Federal Law of December 10, 1995 N 196- Federal Law "On Road Safety" * (1) and paragraph 5.2.10 (3) of the Regulations on the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 30, 2004 N 395 * (2).

2. These Requirements establish the required level of knowledge, skills, professional education, length of service (experience) in the specialty of employees. The required level of knowledge and skills of employees is achieved through training in organizations that carry out educational activities in accordance with relevant educational programs.

See the text of the paragraph in the previous edition

3. These Requirements apply to the following professions and positions of employees:

The driver of a vehicle of categories "B", "BE" (including the driver of a passenger taxi);

Driver of a vehicle of categories "C", "C 1", "CE", "C 1E" (hereinafter referred to as the truck driver);

Driver of a vehicle of categories "D", "D1", "DE", "D1E" (hereinafter referred to as the bus driver);

The driver of a vehicle of category "Tb" (hereinafter referred to as the trolleybus driver);

The driver of a vehicle of category "Tm" (hereinafter referred to as the driver of the tram);

The driver of a vehicle transporting dangerous goods;

3.4. Violations can be if the employer does everything unilaterally. If the husband himself signs additional agreements to the employment contract, then there are no violations (Article 72 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). This means that he simply agrees with everything.

4. Is it true that a school bus driver retires early?

4.1. Is it true that a school bus driver retires early?
No.

4.2. Hello.
No. In accordance with Art. 27 of the Law “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation”, men have the right to a pension upon reaching the age of 55, and women at the age of 50 if they have worked for at least 20 years as drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams only on regular urban passenger routes.

5. Please tell me, can an ambulance driver retire early due to seniority? Experience 41 years.

5.1. Hello.
Unfortunately, the Law does not provide for an early insurance old-age pension for ambulance drivers.

6. The driver swore at me when he showed me a penny. Udst., then did not stop at the bus stop, having rolled 200 m after my already very loud demand, he stopped. Then he abruptly left, the bus door slammed shut already on the way. I barely had time to jump to the side, otherwise he would have knocked me down.

6.1. You can go to the consumer protection committee, then to the court. Evidence for the court - Article 56 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation.

7. Is the position of a fuel truck driver a profession for early retirement?

7.1. --- Hello, dear visitor of the site, only if there is a relevant entry in the labor record. Good luck and all the best, with respect lawyer Ligostaeva A.V.

7.2. Paragraph 2 of Art. 27 of the Federal Law "On labor pensions in the Russian Federation" provides that the lists of relevant works, industries, professions, positions, specialties and institutions, taking into account which a labor pension is assigned, provided for in paragraph 1 of Art. 27 of the Law, the rules for calculating periods of work and assigning labor pensions, if necessary, are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

According to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 18, 2002 No. 537 “On the lists of jobs, professions and positions, taking into account which an old-age labor pension is assigned ahead of schedule in accordance with Article 27 of the Federal Law “On labor pensions in the Russian Federation” ”, in case of early appointment of a labor pension Old-age pensions are subject to lists of industries, jobs, professions and positions (with additions and amendments to them) approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR, the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR and the Government of the Russian Federation.

In the List No. 2 of industries, workshops and positions, work in which gives the right to a state pension on preferential terms and in preferential amounts, approved by Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 1173 of August 22, 1956 (with subsequent additions), there are no positions of a fuel truck driver, a tanker.

8. Must retire at 50 (I work as a tram driver). Now I'm 48, am I pre-retired? Why did the negative answer come from the pension fund?

8.1. Hello. To answer your question, you need to study the answer from the FIU. You can send it by mail. But all this can be done within the framework of a paid consultation.

9. Policeman-driver, What is a preferential pension?

9.1. This is ... Preferential pension for long service, for getting injured while performing a service dog There are other benefits. Why do you intend to revise the amount of the pension specifically?

10. Husband works as a logging truck driver, what length of service does he need to work out in order to retire?

10.1. Art. 30 of the Federal Law No. 400 - Federal Law 7) to men upon reaching the age of 55 years and women upon reaching the age of 50 years, if they have worked, respectively, for at least 12 years 6 months and 10 years as workers, foremen (including senior ones) directly at logging sites and timber rafting, including maintenance of mechanisms and equipment, and have insurance experience of at least 25 years and 20 years, respectively;

11. Is it possible for a trolleybus driver to retire earlier. Does it include a decree? I have 13 years of experience including maternity leave. When can I retire.

11.1. The right to early appointment of an insurance old-age pension is available to men upon reaching the age of 55 and women upon reaching the age of 50 if they have worked as drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams on regular urban passenger routes for at least 20 years and 15 years, respectively, and have insurance experience of at least 25 years and 20 years, respectively. Article 30 of Federal Law No. 400-FZ "On Insurance Pensions".
Leave for the care of a child up to 3 years, which began after 10/06/1992, is not counted in the special length of service for the early assignment of a pension.

12. This year I'm going on a preferential pension (at the age of 55), I worked for 32 years as a trolleybus driver. Awarded with the badge "For trouble-free work of the 3rd degree" dated 09/26/2016, i.е. before the revision of the federal law of 30.09.2016. Is it possible to get the title of "Veteran of Labor". St. Petersburg, Valery.

12.1. Good afternoon I see no obstacles, especially if the sign was issued by the federal ministry. In any case, contact the MFC.

13. I have been working as a driver for many years, until retirement for 10 years, after passing a medical examination, the narcologist does not sign the conclusion, he said the rights can be handed over, how to be.

13.1. Hello Nikolay! In your situation, you need to understand: what is the reason for the narcologist's refusal? What motivates? After all, the conclusion of a narcologist and a psychiatrist is mandatory!

14. Are there early retirement benefits for a school bus driver?

14.1. I don’t understand what kind of benefit you are talking about, you are the driver and that’s it.

15. Will retirement change due to pension reform? I work as a shuttle bus driver in urban transportation, in the regions of the far north.

15.1. The pension legislation of the Russian Federation changes from time to time. How it may change in the future is still unknown. You can independently track the current changes on-line on the official website of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation.

16. My husband is a heavy truck driver, I heard that they can retire 5 years earlier, is this true?

16.1. Hello.

Unfortunately no.

16.2. No, that's not true, unfortunately for your husband, and fortunately for the pension fund.

17. Is a fuel tanker driver entitled to a preferential pension in rural areas? What is the law number?

17.1. Good afternoon Nikolai, a tanker driver is not entitled to a preferential pension.

18. Does the profession of an all-terrain vehicle driver belong to a harmful profession and how much to retire from it if you work in an area equated to the regions of the Far North in a seismic survey party.

18.1. Dear Alexander, in order for the profession of an all-terrain vehicle driver to be a harmful profession, it is necessary to conduct a special assessment of working conditions at the enterprise, based on the results of which harmful factors are determined.

19. How many years do you have to work as a bus driver to retire at 60 years old.

19.1. Good afternoon
Upon reaching the age of 55, men and women at the age of 50 acquire the right to receive a pension if they have worked as drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams on regular urban passenger routes for at least 20 and 15 years and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years - respectively for men and women.
An early pension is granted to such workers if they constantly carry out transportation on regular city routes throughout the full working day. This type of transportation includes regular routes passing within the boundaries of the city (another settlement), performed by vehicles with an engine designed to carry passengers with more than 8 seats (in addition to the driver).

Regular passenger transportation includes transportation carried out with a certain frequency along established routes with the boarding and disembarkation of passengers at the stops provided for by the route. In this case, the bus must leave on schedule, pass through all intermediate checkpoints in a timely manner and arrive at the final point on schedule, taking into account permissible deviations.
This information may be contained in a document such as a route passport. The passport for the route contains all the information that indicates that the route belongs to a regular city (within the city) or to a route that is not related to it, for example, a suburban route.

Work on urban regular passenger routes can be organized with semi-express, express, regular traffic or a combination of these modes during the day. At the same time, such drivers will enjoy the right to preferential pension provision only if there is documentary evidence of permanent and full employment (at least 80% of working time) on regular urban passenger routes.

20. I retired at the age of 50 (tram driver). The other day I turned 55. I work. Will my pension be recalculated?

20.1. In connection with reaching this age - no, the old-age pension has already been assigned, just ahead of schedule. The pension itself was reviewed annually, in connection with a change in the size of the actually received contributions for each year worked, automatically, in August.

21. My husband has been retired since 2001, a pensioner of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, now works as a bus driver, does he have the right not to pay pension, insurance contributions, or is he obliged to pay them, but will he be entitled to a second pension?

21.1. He - according to the text, has the right not to pay, since labor relations - the legislation does not oblige such an employee to pay contributions to the Pension Fund. Those contributions that the employer pays are not for the employee, it is simply the basis for calculating the size - the amount of the employee's remuneration.

22. 20 11 2018 I am 50 years old retired (25 years of work as a trolley bus driver) to calculate the pension they take 2000-2002 at that time I was on maternity leave can I insist that the years from 1993 to 2000

22.1. Good afternoon Galina, to calculate the amount of the pension, 2000-2001 is taken according to the information available in the pension fund, but if the wage coefficient is less than the maximum 1.2, then you have the right to take any five consecutive years until 01/01/2002 (Article 30 of the Federal Law No. 173-FZ).

23. I have been a professional driver since 1975, now retired, it's time to replace my driver's license, when passing a medical certificate, they said that I need to undergo an electrocardiography of the head, that they gave out those categories that were in the rights, but the fact is that I have a pension of 9 thousand , and this costs 1870 rubles, the replacement of rights already costs half, pensions, I did not bypass it, they gave me a certificate with categories "C" and "B", so now the rights will be issued with these categories, as I understand it, but if I will accumulate money and bypass this one, then what, in order to get a category, is studying again or what? because I think that this is not legal, just pulling money.

23.1. This is a requirement of the new legislation. In Art. 4 Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of June 15, 2015 No. 344-n explains in which cases the driver is sent for a medical examination and how a certificate is obtained in the form established by law.
According to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2014 No. 1604, a medical certificate cannot be issued if there are serious deviations in the physical and mental state of the subject: chronic endocrine diseases; serious eye diseases; limb pathology; regular seizures/loss of consciousness; delayed physical or mental development; mental illness dangerous to society; alcoholism; drug addict; heart disease.
According to the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of June 15, 2015 No. 344-n, an EEG must be passed by any road user who intends to obtain a driver's license of categories C, CE, D, DE, Tm, Tb, as well as subcategories C 1, C1E, D1, D1E .
If you think your rights have been violated, go to court.

24. I have been working on a loader for more than 20 years, the article says about women drivers special. Technicians, but we are not getting a preferential pension. WHY? applied to the pension fund, even sued and nothing. Explanation "we are not machinists". I applied to the Supreme Court and wrote to Moscow and came to the conclusion that the name of the profession should be changed. How to do it? And is it necessary?

24.1. Hello Galina Ivanovna, in order to answer your question, you need to study your documents and, on their basis, already advise ...

25. A mining truck driver is eligible for preferential retirement. Experience 5 years.

25.1. Hello,
With such length of service, you are not entitled to preferential retirement. Check with your local pension fund for details.
I wish you good luck and all the best!

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26. My husband works at the state farm as a driver, he is 54 years old, tell me in what year he should retire.

26.1. My husband works at the state farm as a driver, he is 54 years old, tell me in what year he will retire.

After 11 years.

27. Does a female forklift driver have the right to retire early?

27.1. If you have a corresponding work experience for early retirement.

And so, until they passed the law, at the age of 55. It all depends on your seniority, if not enough, get a social pension simply.

However, until now, the number of years is not a hindrance to driving a car: according to statistics, from January to June 2017, more than 3.5 thousand people over 60 years of age first obtained a license or opened a new category, and exchanged previously received certificates of almost 180,000 pensioners.

Medical certificate

It can only be obtained from public or private hospitals that are licensed to test drivers. According to the law, those who rely on the category "M", "A" or "B" must be examined by a therapist, ophthalmologist, psychiatrist and psychiatrist-narcologist. If the driver has a neurological disease, he may need the opinion of a neurologist, who is included in the mandatory list for drivers of heavy trucks (along with an additional examination by an ENT doctor). A number of laboratory tests are also required to obtain a medical certificate.

Some drivers mistakenly believe that if there is no need to replace the rights, then the medical certificate may not change for ten years. It's not like that at all. According to the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia, for drivers of categories "A", "B", "C", "D" and "E" a certificate is issued for two years. For those who are engaged in professional transportation, for persons who are under 21 years old, and for those who have certain diseases - only for one year.

Bad health is a reason not to go anywhere

And yet, even with a valid medical certificate and timely visits to doctors, poor health remains a decisive argument in favor of canceling a trip. The road is always stressful. While driving, the driver evaluates up to ten different factors: the quality of the road surface, indication of signs, markings, traffic lights, keeping the distance, speed, taking into account the movement of neighboring vehicles, etc. In addition, the driver must always be ready for an emergency situation, for example, to use emergency braking or a sharp turn. What if the pressure rises? Overcome fatigue? Let down the reaction rate, which is getting lower every year? In this regard, we recall the case of the well-known TV presenter Nikolai Drozdov when a woman suddenly appeared in front of his car while driving. “My wife and I drove up to the house,” Nikolai Nikolayevich later said, “and I was about to turn into the yard behind the pedestrian crossing, turned on the turn signal and drove slowly. She appeared in front of the car unexpectedly and walked without looking back. I saw her, but at first I thought that she would stop - this, of course, was my worst mistake. When he realized that the woman was not stopping, he immediately hit the brakes. I don't know what happened, but the car jerked sharply. Maybe because I caught the gas pedal with the edge of my boot.”

The phrase “I don’t know what happened” is heard by the traffic inspector in almost every accident. However, in the case of older people, such an excuse often indicates untimely detected cognitive disorders, says Andrey Ilnitsky, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Therapy, Geriatrics and Anti-Aging Medicine of the IPK FMBA: “The question of the possibility of driving a car by elderly people is now widely discussed in the world . However, all researchers agree that if a person is healthy, at any age he does not significantly lose the speed of reaction: healthy elderly people are able to react normally and ensure normal road safety. But there is another problem. An elderly person may have various cognitive disorders, which in fact means a decrease in memory, a decrease in the ability to concentrate, and a decrease in response to emergency situations. Cognitive disorders occur against the background of various diseases, for example, against the background of high blood pressure or the so-called neurodegenerative diseases of the brain. I repeat, natural age-related processes, such as, for example, a decrease in the content of myelin - the sheath of nerve fibers - slow down the conduction of an impulse along nerve fibers, but do not reduce the quality of life and are not a contraindication to driving. The insidiousness of cognitive disorders is the possibility of a hidden course. They can appear suddenly, in any stressful situation. Therefore, the question of the ability to drive a car in old age should be decided on the basis of not only an analysis of physical health, but also cognitive impairment.” Andrey Ilnitsky recommends retired drivers with a long record of service and those who, due to various circumstances, only get their license at the “third” age, always pay attention not only to physical health, but also to psychological signs. After the age of 65, the doctor recommends an annual examination for the presence of cognitive disorders.

An easy way to spot incipient dementia is to draw the clock. On the empty dial, you need to draw hands indicating ten minutes past twelve. Many pensioners fail to cope with this simple task, although outwardly they look quite healthy and adequate. If the drawing does not work, this is an occasion to undergo a diagnosis of cognitive disorders, which will show whether a person can drive a car or not.

Working in retirement... behind the wheel

Age pensions were introduced in the USSR in 1932 and were intended for women over 55 years old, men over 60. For a larger category of citizens, this retirement age has not changed today, but paying for “old age” does not always suit a pensioner, and often there is still enough strength for in order to continue working. Elena Borisenko, Leading Analyst of the Expert Center "Movement Without Danger" told AIF. Health” that in 2017, within the framework of the “Safe Driving Academy” training program for school bus drivers, a survey was conducted among almost 500 participants, where it turned out that the majority of the respondents-participants are in retirement and pre-retirement age: 48% - from 51 to 60 years old, 16% - over 60. At the same time, the total driving experience of many of these drivers varied between 30 and 40 years: “In fact, all these people are driving all the time. Before the training, they said that their many years of experience is enough to drive a car and they do not need any additional knowledge. However, at the end of the course, 97% of respondents noted that they had received a lot of new skills that they did not possess before. For example, only a few managed to apply emergency braking the first time, and this is one of the most important skills on the road! Even at retirement age, the driver must remain in the system of continuous training. This is very important, especially when it comes to organized transportation by buses. For the first six months of 2017, in this segment, alas, there has been an increase in the number of accidents by almost 5%, and deaths in them - by 33%.

Working in a taxi is another popular type of employment for pensioners. And it has its advantages: it is an individual schedule, the ability to selectively take orders, and a decent amount of time left for grandchildren and gardening. But even here everything is not simple. Especially in terms of taxi aggregator services that are popular today. Of course, they hire everyone, including pensioners, but they are not responsible for anything. All possible “force majeure” is handled by a taxi driver. A pensioner who decides to receive additional income with the help of aggregators needs to be extremely careful: until the owners of the taxi business are obliged to install tachographs in working cars - devices that control the driver's work and rest regime, you need to control yourself. Falling asleep while driving is also a big problem today.

Responsibility and health

Before you get behind the wheel, listen to your well-being. Remember: a good driver is a responsible and healthy person. And if so, what is age? The usual number in the passport.