What is granite used for? Natural stone granite: characteristics and properties. Natural beauty of the stone

Granite - durable rock. Its density is 2600 kg/m3. Granite consists of feldspars, quartz and dark-colored minerals. In the structure of the crust of our planet, this substance plays a huge role, it is also called the calling card of the Earth.

The fact that granite is a fairly strong and dense substance makes it possible to use it as a facing material in construction. But many are scared away by the increased background radiation from such a stone. Yes, and other myths accompany granite. Just don't trust them.

After all, this natural stone has been used for construction and decoration for thousands of years. Castles and palaces, industrial buildings were decorated with granite, stairs and utensils, decorations and fireplaces were made from it. After all, this material is able to withstand the influence environment. Granite is not afraid of snow or rain, temperature or bad air. The stone still retains its original beauty.

The largest building built of granite is the Escorial Palace, not far from Madrid. The building is over 450 years old! The following myths are debunked by time itself. It was it that proved the practicality of granite and the convenience of working with it.

Granite is an expensive material. Indeed, granite can be expensive. After all, the rarer the material is and the more difficult it is to extract, the more it costs. Sometimes stone is mined in hard-to-reach places among the mountains, where there are no really roads. Today the market makes it possible to choose an inexpensive brand of granite. These include Santa Cecilia, Verde Labrador, New Venetian Gold, Baltic Brown or Uba Tuba. As a result, the cost of granite slabs can be even less than slabs made from artificial stone. Comparing the cost of granite countertops and similar products from synthetic materials(koriana, silestone) one might be surprised. After all, natural stone will be cheaper!

The granite surface must be constantly looked after. Indeed, a granite slab needs to be looked after, but no more than any other material. If the countertop is made of granite, then it is enough just to clean its surface. Depending on the properties of granite, it can, if necessary, be treated with a special impregnation. For example, for the Luna Pearl brand, impregnation is not required at all, but for Madura Gold it is necessary to carry out such processing from time to time. The Shivikasky brand is quite porous, impregnation is indispensable for it, but Black Galaxy, Verde Maritaka and Volga Blue will do just fine without it.

Any brand of granite needs to be treated with a water repellent. Not all brands need protective impregnation. Some of them have a rather dense structure that prevents anything from penetrating into the stone. In order for the impregnation to work, it must penetrate into the structure of the stone, filling all the voids and pores. And if they are absent, then the impregnation will not be able to get into the structure of granite. Understanding whether granite needs impregnation is very simple. You just need to pour a little water on the surface of the stone. And everything will immediately become clear.

Protective impregnation should be applied to granite every year. No one bothers to annually treat the surface with a sealant. It just doesn't make any practical sense. It is best to use material for initial impregnation High Quality which will last 10 years. All protective fluids contain filler and resin. Cheaper impregnations contain cheaper components. In addition, there is a smaller percentage of the resins themselves, and a larger percentage of the filler.

Granite surfaces can become stained over time. This is not true, because granite is resistant to stains. Some brands of granite are also so dense that they do not even absorb protective impregnation - stains simply have nowhere to come from. It is generally believed that lighter surfaces are more prone to staining. Yes, and if desired, the stain can be left on any solid surface, regardless of whether it is made of natural or artificial stone.

A stain that has appeared on granite can no longer be removed by any means. If, nevertheless, a nuisance occurs - a stain on a granite slab, do not despair. Indeed, in most cases, it can be removed with a conventional degreaser or a solution of toilet soap. How exactly to remove the stain depends on its type and nature and on the period of presence on the surface.

If a granite slab is heated, it may crack. Granite is a durable material. It is able to withstand fairly high temperatures. If you put a hot frying pan or pan on granite, then the countertop will never crack. So warm dishes will not hurt the stone. But in the operating instructions for countertops made of synthetic materials, such as SileStone, Zodiac or Corian, they usually write what to put on them hot dishes it is forbidden. It is recommended to use special stands.

Granite contains harmful bacteria. Many are hesitant to buy granite countertops due to their high microbial content. However, studies have shown that granite is much safer than other materials. This also applies to E.coli bacteria, which cause intestinal disorders. But this is important to know, especially after an unknown strain of this microorganism led to the death of dozens of people in Germany. So, granite has nothing to do with it.

Granite is radioactive. Science impartially notes that almost everything around us - soil, air, drinking water, and other building materials (concrete, cement, gypsum) contain more radon than granite. Studies have shown that granite does not pose any health risk. The level of radiation from granite averages 25-30 μR/h, while the background norms from local sources are twice as high. There is no danger, but it is better to veneer the house with granite from the outside.

Granite countertops must have a seam. This is not so, granite countertops can be completely seamless. After all, those granite slabs, which serve as the basis for further sawing of tabletops from them, can, depending on the type of granite, reach an impressive length of 4 meters. Therefore, if desired, you can always find a solid countertop of the desired width and length. Usually good producer tries to choose the pattern of two plates so that the existing seam is minimally noticeable.

Granite cannot be restored. Potholes sometimes appear on surfaces. This happens infrequently, because granite is a hard material. But even if chips appear, they can always be eliminated. For this, a painted epoxy resin is used. And if scratches suddenly appear on the granite slab (which is also unlikely), then you can use polishing.

Over time, granite will lose its luster. Again, let's say that granite is a fairly hard material. Among those stones that surpass it in this parameter are diamonds. It is thanks to this fact that diamond tools are used to polish granite. In normal household conditions, objects are low-abrasive, which makes it impossible to somehow damage the surface of the stone. Therefore, the brilliance will remain the same.

Granite and marble are one and the same. These natural stones have common features. Both can be polished and are often used as a building and decorative material. But the composition of granite and marble includes completely different minerals. Granite includes quartz, which gives such strength. But marble contains calcite, which leads to the possibility of abrasion and greater susceptibility to chips and scratches. In granite, calcite is a rarity. And the origin of these stones is different. If granite is an igneous rock, then marble has a metamorphic origin.

If you ask the first person who comes across what rock is, in his opinion, the most durable, then he will say with a high degree of probability that it is granite. The stone from this mineral is very hard and practical, as well as quite attractive in appearance, and therefore it is very often used in construction. In addition, it is often used to create various decorative elements, including monuments. The name of this breed comes from the Latin word "granum", which means "grain".

What is granite made of?

The main components of this widespread in the earth's surface are feldspar and quartz. What does granite stone look like? Photos and descriptions of various types of this rock indicate that this stone can significantly differ in color, be completely different from other varieties and take on various shades, ranging from pale pink to gray. The color of granite mainly depends on the mineral, which in its mass fraction prevails over the other components that make up this rock. usually represented by various types of potassium spar and can be supplemented with albite or oligoclase. And quartz inclusions in granite look like small glassy grains. The latter can be either slightly bluish or colorless. In addition, when answering the question of what granite consists of, inclusions of muscovite and biotite, as well as elements such as zircon, magnetite, titanite, apatite and allanite, should be noted. However, their content in this mineral is very, very small. Listing everything that granite consists of, we note that with the predominance or lack of certain components, it begins to be attributed to other varieties of rocks. So, if there is too little potassium feldspar and quartz in it, then it falls into the group of diorites or quartz monzonites. And if there is too much plagioclase in granite, then this mineral will be considered granodiorite, and if the content of dark-colored minerals is too low - leucogranite.

Deposits and production

After we have examined in detail what granite consists of, we will tell you a little about where this mineral is found and where it is mined. In nature, this rock occurs in fairly massive layers known as batholiths. Their thickness is 3-4 km, and the area often exceeds 100 square kilometers. Granite deposits can also take the form of stocks and dikes. Often the layers of this mineral are located one above the other, and sedimentary or metamorphic rocks act as a layer. Deposits of granite rocks exist on absolutely every continent.

Most often they are found in places where strong erosion and denudation processes took place, due to which the integrity of sedimentary rocks was violated. In the United States, granite deposits are located near the Ozarks, in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains and in the Black Hills. In Russia, this mineral is mainly located in the Urals, in the eastern part of Siberia and in the Far East.

Granite has been known since ancient times. This is one of the most famous rocks. This stone is found on almost all continents of the Earth. At times, it comes to the surface in the places of occurrence of age-old rocks, damaged by erosion. But most often, frozen magma (which granite consists of) does not reach the earth's surface and freezes at different depths, forming bodies of different sizes and configurations. It is from the destroyed rocks that the soil consists. What does it consist of?

Composition of granite

Granite contains:

feldspars;
mica;
quartz;
some dark colored minerals.

Plagigranite- in its composition, plagioclase occupies a large part, and feldspar occupies a smaller part. This type has a pinkish color.

Alaskan- feldspar dominates here, but there are few dark-colored materials in it.

And there are also: syenite, teschenite, diorite. different types have a different color. The content of feldspar is responsible for the shade of the stone, which brings a certain color to the rock: from light pink to greenish, black, silvery, golden, etc.

Granite has a grainy surface. Quartz is responsible for the grain size. It is customary to classify this rock also by grain size into:

fine-grained (grain size less than 2 mm);
medium-grained (grains 2-10 mm in size);
coarse-grained (grains larger than 10 mm).

Fine-grained stones are considered the best.: they are less resistant to mechanical influences, wear more uniformly during use, more resistant to weather influences, crack less when heated.

Granites with larger grains are slightly less resistant to heat: when the temperature rises above 600 degrees, they begin to grow in volume and crack. Therefore, sometimes after strong fires in houses where granite stairs were present, you can see that the stone steps are slightly cracked.

The main property of granite is its strength. What is granite? First of all, this is a very durable material that is not subject to mechanical stress, temperature changes (it is not afraid of changes over 100 degrees: it “feels” equally well at +50 degrees and at -60 degrees), it is not subject to fungal infections, it is fire resistant (melting point +700 degrees), resistant to acids. Even in the most difficult conditions, this stone remains flawless and will retain its own strength. Cutting and grinding it is carried out only with the help of diamond tools.

Characteristics:

The strength of the material depends on its moisture absorption coefficient. The value of this coefficient for this rock exceeds all other materials and depends on the place of extraction: denser layers of the deposit are a condition for having an excellent rock grade. The depth of the rock, which determines the strength and density of granite, will further determine the scope of the stone.

Granite deposits

Found on almost all continents. You can even say that this rock is the hallmark of our planet.

In Russia, the largest deposits are located in the Urals, the Far East, Eastern Siberia, the Caucasus, the Kola-Karelian (Karelian-Murmansk) region. In general, more than fifty deposits have been established where piece stone is mined. Many deposits are mined for quarrystone and crushed stone, sometimes granite blocks are also extracted from them, which are used for the manufacture of facing slabs. At times, the resulting blocks are hewn for piece stone or for architecture (the manufacture of monuments).

In the post-Soviet space, the most significant deposits are in the Zaporozhye region of Ukraine (Mokryanskoye), in the Poltava region of Ukraine (Malokokhnovskoye), in the Brest region of Belarus (Mikashevichi). In general, over two hundred granite deposits have been developed on the territory of the former USSR.

Europe is also rich in granite deposits. For example, Italian stone (Sardinia) - a luxurious light pink color "limbar", "sardo dew", etc. (Italy is the world leader in the creation of facing materials and products). In France, the main deposits are located in Brittany, and in total more than a hundred types of this stone are mined in France. UK, Scotland. Spain has a large group of deposits of highly decorative stone, which is actively exported. Sweden, Finland (Finns are one of the largest suppliers of granite blocks to the whole world), Germany (Bavaria, Lower Saxony), Portugal.

It is known that there are huge deposits on the African continent, but due to the poor knowledge of this region, it is difficult to say what the characteristics of the rock mined there will be.

America is also replete with deposits of this "eternal" stone: in North America, mining is carried out in the states of Wisconsin, Georgia, Vermont, etc., there are deposits in Canada; in South America - Brazil, Argentina.

And in Australia, the well-known grade of blue Labrador granite is mined.

Application

Due to its strength, granite has been used since ancient times. in construction: this stone is very durable, it is practically not affected by any external irritants (even during the construction of the well-known pyramids in Egypt, granite blocks were used), so the products of this stone have been well preserved for many centuries.

The stone lends itself well to processing, it is perfectly polished, polished (you can even create a mirror surface), so it is often used in the production of facings, countertops, monuments, stairs and, of course, many their interior details.

Misconceptions about granite

For some reason, many people think that granite is very expensive for its price. The truth is that artificial stone will often have a much higher price than natural grades. Of course, this postulate does not apply to the cost of rare varieties of stone.

The opinion that granite is subject to cracking at high temperatures is also exaggerated. This is far from the case: the natural destruction of the stone lasts for many centuries.

And the most common misconception is the misconception about the radiation background emitted by the stone. In fact, this level is two times less than the established maximum permissible norms.

The result of all of the above may be the fact that granite is a stone extremely durable, beautiful and environmentally friendly.

Granite is referred to by some geologists as the "marker of the Earth". On other planets of the solar system, similar rocks have not been found. This stone holds a lot of mysteries, and not all answers to them have been found. And the point here is not so much in the chemical composition of granite, but in its structure and occurrence features. This breed is widely represented in the continental crust, but it is not found on seabed. To date, many varieties of this stone have been studied, and it has been used since ancient times.

Mineralogical composition

Sometimes people have confusion in terms, and they cannot understand what granite is - is it a mineral or a rock. Certainly the second. Many paid attention to its granular structure, and definitely - it does not consist of one substance. Even from school lessons in natural history, many remember what minerals are included in granite. This is first of all:

Gneiss also consists of a similar set - what is obtained from granite by metamorphism.

In gneiss and granite, the formulas of the mineral composition are almost identical, only the structure differs.

feldspars

These are silicate crystalline compounds, which can be contained in the earth's crust up to 50%, and for the most part - in the composition of other rocks. They do not have a single formula, and they are divided into categories based on the presence of certain metal atoms in the crystal lattice. On this basis, plagioclases, potassium and potassium-barium feldspars are distinguished. . The plagioclase group includes:

In igneous rocks, plagioclases are the first to form crystal lattices, and they often make up most of the rock. Potassium feldspars are less diverse in chemical composition, they have the same formula - KAlSi₃O₈. The diversity lies in the structure of the crystal lattice, and it in various modifications gives the following minerals:

orthoclase;
adularia (moonstone);
microcline;
sanidine.

Potassium feldspars are more stable than plagioclases, but, like them, they become clay under the influence of erosion. When some potassium atoms are replaced by barium, potassium-barium spars are obtained, but this is a rare occurrence.

In the composition of granite, these minerals make up from 60 to 65%, and the color of this rock depends on them. Plagioclases give the stone a gray color, potassium compounds - pink. Yellow, green and blue colors give the stone both foreign inclusions and metal cations in spars - sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other metals are interchangeable in them.

Quartz and its modifications

With such a simple formula, this compound has four types of polymorphic modifications:

pseudocubic (cristobalite);
hexagonal (tridymite);
monoclinic syngony (coesite);
dense octahedral (stishovite).

Modifications are given in order of increasing pressure required for their formation. Naturally, the first two minerals are more common in nature. The last of them - stishovite - was obtained in the laboratory and is sometimes found in places where meteorites fell. Large crystalline bodies in nature can be found infrequently, but various bulk conglomerates are very diverse. So, quartz makes up the bulk of such minerals as amethyst, agate, chalcedony, onyx, cat's eye, citrine, heliotrope and others. But in the form of inclusions, it occurs much more often.

Granite includes up to 35% of this mineral. Among all its components, quartz is the most tenacious: as the rock breaks down, feldspar turns into clay, and sand remains.

Role of mica in granite

This mineral is up to 10% in the composition of granite, its arrangement in the massif is uniform. It is mica that gives this rock its strength. In its free form, mica is a mineral that has found its place in the radio industry and the electric power industry. But more often it is an integral part of natural conglomerates, playing a cementing role in them.

Other scientists are developing theories of smelting more fusible elements from an array of igneous rocks, and still others attach great importance to the granitization of rocks due to the influence of water and ion exchange.

All of these theories can explain the origin of specific granite deposits, but none of them is fully applicable. In any case, they cannot explain how the granite layers of the continents were formed.

Properties, application and facts

Granite is a heavy material. Its density is 2600 kg/m³, which is comparable to concrete. Its strength is also high, about 300 MPa, and granite structures have excellent bearing capacity. The melting point is more than 1200 degrees, but in the presence of water it decreases.

Human use

Granite has been used as a building material since antiquity. Now it is one of the options for outdoor decoration, and it can be found at metro stations, embankments - it is widely used in outdoor design. Unlike marble, it is more resistant to rain and frost. According to their consumer properties, granite is divided into three groups:

fine-grained;
medium-grained;
coarse-grained.

The most popular group is the first. It is most resistant to temperature changes and water.

The latter property made this stone very popular in road construction and ritual business. Granite paving stones and curbs are more durable than concrete and asphalt, and monuments made of it cost more than marble and stainless steel ones. Recently, you can often find glued crafts made of artificial stone, but natural granite is still valued higher in the eyes of the consumer.

In interior decoration, granite products are not so popular and, moreover, are not recommended for use. From them comes an increased radiation background, recorded by a Geiger counter.

Granite crushed stone is widely used in the production of concrete. It is more expensive than limestone, but in conditions of aggressive groundwater, it is granite that shows its best side; it is more resistant to chemical aggression.

Everyone knows a lot about granite. But some facts about him are still impressive:

This stone has not yet revealed all the secrets to people, and this is especially true of its origin. Why, of all the planets in our system, it is only on Earth, so no one understood. But this does not prevent people from appreciating granite and using it.

This is a natural stone. It is mined in many places on our planet and it is likely that it is not found on other planets in the solar system. Therefore, it is granite in various sources that is called the "calling card of the Earth." This is one of the most durable breeds in the world. Most of the granite is known minerals: feldspar, quartz, as well as mica formations of various origins.

Is granite a mineral or a rock? This question is often asked by people who are just beginning to be interested in geology and mineralogy. In essence, it is a rock. As already mentioned, it includes various minerals, and its composition is heterogeneous, in contrast to minerals (for example, quartz, amethyst, chrysolite), which are uniform in both structure and color.

Rock granite is widespread in our life everywhere: in the form of railway embankments, tombstones, wall cladding, street elements of decorated decorations. Granite products have long been presented to people as the most ordinary and familiar to the eye. Often we just pass by without focusing on how different this amazing stone can be. Those who wish can get to know him better: after all, few people think about what granite consists of and what is the history of its occurrence.

How did granite come about?

It is assumed that there are two natural way, with the help of which this natural stone was formed. It could arise from melted magma (solidified volcanic lava). In the depths of the earth's crust, magma slowly cools, turns into a petrified structure, in which grains of granite rock, having different sizes, crystallize for millions of years. It is no coincidence that its name itself comes from the Latin word "granum", which means "grain".

Natural stone granite is formed in nature in a different way. Sedimentary rock, as well as clay-like sand and heterogeneous stones, were gradually displaced by tectonic processes into the depths of the earth's crust. There, under the influence of high temperatures and pressure, substances melted and a process such as granitization.

Most of all, the formation of granite occurs in the so-called places of collision. Two continental plates collide with each other, which causes an increase in the layer of crust on the continent. Many scientists believe that it is as a result of the thickening of the collisional layers of the crust that layers of granite melt appear - at a depth of 10 to 20 km. This phenomenon has been named granitic magmatism . It is most typical for the Andean batholiths, as well as for island arcs.

Where are the granite deposits

The main place where granite occurs is batholith mountain ranges, the length of which is about 4 km, and the area is several hectares. Sometimes during mining it is seen that several layers of stone have formed: granite and its sedimentary rock. The stone itself looks like wide layers, alternating with representatives of sedimentary and metamorphic species.

Like other minerals, which are not very rare, granite has become widespread almost everywhere: it can be found on any continent . Due to the fact that over the course of millions of years, ancient rocks gradually forced younger formations upward, it came to the surface and became available for mining.

Chemical and mineralogical composition

As already mentioned, granite is a stone that has a granular structure in the form of crystals. The chemical formula of granite is represented by such basic elements as iron, calcium, magnesium and various alkalis.

Its main components are quartz, dark-colored formation minerals and feldspar. Spar provides certain shades, and if there is a lot of translucent grain in the stone, it means that it contains a lot of quartz.

Depending on what rocks are included in a particular stone, the mineralogical composition of granite can be different. For example, if it is dominated by plagioclase and there is little feldspar, it is called plagigranite. If, on the contrary, there is more feldspar in the stone, and less dark colors, this alasquite.

The chemical composition of the rock has the following scheme:

content feldspars(orthoclase and plagioclase) - from 60 to 65%;
quartz, providing high strength indicators - from 25 to 30%;
mafic minerals granite - from 5 to 10% (mostly biotites).

Depending on which feldspars are part of the stone, its color will also change. The most common is gray, which may appear different shades: blue, pinkish, red, less often - greenish. Coloring also depends on what is included in the composition of granite from dark-colored minerals. If the seekers come across a rock consisting of biotite or hornblende, the stone will be colored in dark tones. There is a rather rare species called Yantsevsky, which has a pronounced shade of greenish color.

Properties

Granite is a rock that is distinguished by enviable strength, which is why it has been used in the construction industry since ancient times. The stone serves for a very long time, is resistant to rain and winds, and is able to withstand any climatic conditions. Few people know that the pyramids in Egypt are partially made of granite blocks. It was from this stone that many buildings in India and ancient Rome were built. It is processed and polished quite easily, and the degree can be brought to the point that the surface of the plate even becomes a mirror.

Compared with marble, this material twice as strong due to the fact that granite contains quartz. During the use of diamond drills. It is known that, despite its beauty and splendor, marble is very sensitive to temperature changes, which cannot be said about granite: it perfectly maintains its performance in the most severe conditions . Due to its strong structure, the stone much less susceptible to fungal attack than other materials .

The level of moisture absorption in the rock is low: the fine-grained structure of granite plays a key role in this. If it is denser - we are talking about the breed with the most the best properties. They depend on the origin of the granite. The origin of the stone, in turn, determines the depth of its occurrence, it affects its density and strength.

The fact that granite is one of the most durable materials, and its performance is always at the right height, is largely ensured by the fact that it hardly absorbs moisture . This is what has become main reason the use of stone for the design of embankments. By the way, the vast majority of the granite banks of the Neva were built under Peter I, which once again confirms the durability of granite.

Geochemical classification of White and Chappell granitoids

For the convenience of designating one or another type of granite stone, in the mid-70s of the last century, a brief analysis of granitoids was made based on their most common types.

In this analysis, four types of stone were distinguished - S, I, M, A:

Sedimentary (S)- the stone is the result of the melting of rocks of the metasedimentary type;
Igneous (I)- product of melting of substrates from metamagma;
Mantle (M)- a stone formed from magmas, which include tholeiite and basalt rocks.

The chemical composition of granite S is similar in most elements to granitoids I, with the difference that stones S contain little calcium and sodium. Later classification appeared type A granite , which differs in composition from subalkaline type stones and consists of a large number of incoherent chemical elements.

Classification of granitoids by grain structure

The size and structure of grains different types stone is different.

Based on this, granite is of the following types:

if the grain size does not exceed 2 mm - fine-grained;
grain size up to 5 mm - medium-grained ;
coarse-grained view - more than 5 mm.

The stone of the fine-grained variety will have the highest level of resistance to mechanical damage. It is characterized by more uniform abrasion over time, resistance to winds and high temperatures. The fine-grained fraction is always the most expensive. It practically does not absorb water and at the same time is highly resistant to fires.

When building houses, a coarse-grained type of granite is often used. It is cheaper, so after fires, you can often see granite stairs that have cracked and are no longer usable.

The names of granite, based on the mineral composition

Depending on what is the main mineral composition of granite, they are called different kinds stones in different ways

not containing dark colored minerals - alasquite;
with a low content of dark flowers - leucogranite;
biotite- if this mineral in the composition of granite is from 6 to 8%;
if the stone contains biotite and muscovite at the same time - two-mica granite ;
if the stone contains micas from lithium - this is lithium fluoride granite ;
with a high content of alkaline components - simply alkaline granite ;
a rare species consisting of orthoclase, quartz rocks and augite - pyroxene.

Varieties of granite based on its structure

The grain structure of the stone also varies.

Below are the main types of granite, named based on the structure of its grains:

porphyritic- it is characterized by brightly standing out longish inserts. They differ from the main body of the stone in that they protrude from it. These are quartz, orthoclase, microcline.
Granite pegmatoid - differs in symmetrical and uniform level of granularity.
Rapakivi- Finnish type of stone with rounded inserts (red with a gray or gray-green frame).
gneissic- the most common stone, having a fine-grained structure.

Of course, for a person who first encounters the fact that there are a lot of varieties of granite, it can be difficult to figure out which one is the best. It all depends on the purpose for which it is planned to use this material. There are a lot of options for use, and the quality and reliability of granite is much higher than that of the more popular marble.

It is known that marble quickly darkens and deteriorates under the influence of temperature changes and high humidity, and granite will stand for a very long time without changing either the structure or the original color of the stone. In addition, for lovers of white stone, there are special types of granite, which, when properly processed, are indistinguishable from marble at first glance.

Thanks to the excellent performance characteristics of granite, which has proven itself for many centuries, it is always possible to use it as a reliable building material, as well as for making decorative elements. Since any product made from this stone is unpretentious in use, this stone does not require special care. It will stand up to any bad weather and will serve for centuries.

The only disadvantage of granite is that among building materials it has the greatest weight, which must certainly be taken into account when designing bridges, monolithic houses and other large structures.