Why is bacterial vaginosis dangerous for a pregnant woman? Bacterial vaginosis: treatment - schemes Bacterial vaginosis in the early stages
During pregnancy, women, unfortunately, often have to deal with various problems.
One of the most unpleasant surprises for a future mother can be bacterial vaginosis, which is most often found out directly when visiting a gynecologist.
This problem occurs quite often: it is detected in about 20% of pregnant women.
However, few people know about the causes, symptoms and possible consequences of this infectious disease.
What is bacterial vaginosis
In the vagina of any woman there is a microflora, that is, a set of microorganisms that use the human body as a habitat. Most of this flora is lactic acid bacteria, especially many of them are Doderlein sticks (about 95%).
Normally, these microbes do not cause any problems for a woman and even benefit, as they regulate the acidity in the vagina, creating ideal conditions for the functioning of the reproductive system, immune defense, conception and pregnancy.
Some negative factors inhibit the usual microflora.
If infection with pathogenic microorganisms also occurs, then they begin to multiply uncontrollably in the female genital tract.
This is how bacterial vaginosis occurs - an infectious disease that manifests itself in a change in the bacterial flora in vaginal secretions.
At the same time, there are no leukocytes on vaginal smears, that is, inflammation does not develop.
Causes of bacterial vaginosis
The factors that cause the inhibition of normal microflora and the development of pathogenic microbes are very diverse:
1 Hormonal shifts during puberty, the onset of menstruation, during menopause, in the early stages of pregnancy, and also while taking hormonal drugs.
2 The death of normal microflora under the action of antibiotics, especially after antibiotic therapy during surgical operations (on various organs, not only reproductive ones).
3 Significant changes in the vaginal microflora occur as a result of inflammatory processes in the genital organs. They are especially noticeable if the inflammation is left untreated for a long time.
4 A general decrease in the body's immune defenses due to various diseases of an infectious and non-infectious nature, poor nutrition, poor hygiene, and bad habits.
5 The use of various types of contraceptives, both oral hormonal preparations, and intrauterine or spermicidal agents.
They disrupt the normal environment in the female genital tract.
6 The likelihood of bacterial vaginosis is significantly increased if a woman or her husband has relationships with several sexual partners at the same time.
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The microflora that exists in the genital tract is very vulnerable, so the effect of negative factors almost always affects its condition. Although a woman may not notice violations if they do not manifest tangible symptoms.
Is pregnancy possible with bacterial vaginosis?
Pregnancy can occur in the presence of bacterial vaginosis. In most cases, this happens if a woman does not undergo an examination and does not eliminate the problem when planning a pregnancy, and the disease itself develops asymptomatically.
If vaginosis progresses during pregnancy, it can significantly complicate the process of bearing a child.
Pathogenic microflora produces substances that can cause rupture of the membranes, provoke a miscarriage or premature birth, infect the fetus itself, lead to growth retardation and weight gain.
After childbirth, a septic process can begin in the uterus, which is very dangerous for the health and life of a woman.
Bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy: symptoms
Vaginosis goes unnoticed quite often. Sometimes women do not perceive its manifestations as a symptom of any disease, therefore they do not pay attention to them. In most cases, this disease is accompanied by:
1 The appearance of an unpleasant odor from vaginal discharge. It arises from the decomposition of fat-like substances and amino acids under the influence of pathogenic microflora, and often resembles the smell of fish.
2
An increase in the amount of vaginal discharge. They are white or grayish in color, may resemble foam that covers the surface of the mucous membrane of the genital tract.
3 An increase in the amount of discharge after sexual intercourse or before the onset of menstruation.
At this time, the environment in the genitals changes, which provokes their more intensive formation.
4 Feeling of discomfort in the genital tract: urinary incontinence, pain, itching. They tend to get worse during or after sexual intercourse.
When examining a patient, the doctor makes a diagnosis according to several criteria. Firstly, he takes into account the patient's complaints (if any) and determines the nature of the discharge (their color, texture, smell).
The second, mandatory step in making a diagnosis is taking a smear from the vagina. This is a convenient method for determining the composition of the microflora of the genital tract, it gives an idea of the dominant types of pathogenic flora (but it is impossible to determine all its components, since the diversity of microbes can be extremely high).
Bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy: treatment and prevention
Prevention of vaginosis does not include any specific measures. It provides for the maximum exclusion of negative factors that can provoke the disease.
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The most important points that directly depend on a woman are the inadmissibility of promiscuity, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and strengthening general immunity.
If the body has a high resistance to diseases, the likelihood of developing vaginosis during pregnancy is reduced.
This disease is best identified before pregnancy, when a woman is examined during her planning.
In this case, the treatment will be more effective, because when carrying a child, many drugs are prohibited for use.
If bacterial vaginosis occurs or is detected during pregnancy, it complicates the process of correcting the problem.
Usually, the treatment of bacterial vaginosis includes two stages: suppression of the existing pathogenic microflora using oral and vaginal antibacterial drugs (clindamycin, metronidazole, ornidazole, etc.) and restoration of normal microflora, which is dominated by lactobacilli (various probiotics, lactogel, vapigel, etc. ).
Drugs such as clindamycin and metronidazole do not appear to adversely affect the fetus and the course of pregnancy. However, there are also drugs prohibited for use, for example, tinidazole.
Treatment of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy is not recommended with vaginal antibiotics.
This strategy is due to the possibility that antibiotics can affect the early stages of fetal development, when the laying of its organs occurs and their formation begins.
After the first trimester, the child becomes less susceptible to the action of negative factors.
The treatment process for this disease is likely to be lengthy. The patient should also be prepared for the fact that even after the elimination of vaginosis and with normal results of analyzes of the vaginal microflora, the likelihood of a recurrence of the disease still remains.
Therefore, if a woman has had vaginosis and successfully completed a course of treatment, she still needs to visit a gynecologist regularly in order to detect a relapse of the disease in time. In addition, you need to be more attentive to your health and strictly adhere to the recommendations of your doctor.
Bacterial vaginosis or vaginal dysbiosis is an infectious disease that has an infectious nature. Gynecological statistics show that the pathology is diagnosed in every 2 women during the period of bearing a child.
The disease can be asymptomatic, but every 3 expectant mothers have a vivid clinical picture.
Some time ago, bacterial vaginosis was equated with infections of the genital tract. Numerous studies have made it possible to find out the true nature of its origin, which had a significant impact on the attitude towards the disease and its treatment.
What is vaginosis?
Bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy is a condition when the expectant mother has an imbalance of the vaginal microflora. Normally, the mucous membrane of the genital tract is inhabited by lactic acid bacteria, which make up 98% of all microorganisms.
There are also conditionally pathogenic microbes, but their growth is actively suppressed by local immunity - lactobacilli. If for some reason the number of lactic acid bacteria decreases, favorable conditions are created for an increase in colonies of opportunistic microorganisms. Gardnerella, staphylococci, bacteroids, yeast, peptococci, mycoplasmas can act in their role.
Violation of the balance of beneficial and harmful microorganisms that inhabit the vagina is bacterial vaginosis. Doctors call it dysbiosis, vaginal dysbacteriosis, and also give separate names corresponding to the type of predominant pathogen (gardnerellosis, mycoplasmosis, candidiasis).
Causes of the development of pathology during pregnancy
Dysbacteriosis of the vagina during pregnancy develops due to a decrease in general and local immunity. This happens mainly in the early stages.
Nature provides for a decrease in the body's resistance for the correct and reliable attachment of the embryo, but other parts of the reproductive system suffer from this. In addition to the main factor, there are other reasons for the development of the disease:
- Taking medications (hormonal, antibacterial, antifungal);
- Changes in hormonal levels that occur at the beginning of pregnancy and in the last stages;
- endocrine diseases;
- Non-observance of intimate hygiene or abuse of soap products with triclosan;
- Slimming underwear (thong);
- Dysbacteriosis in the intestine;
- Douching (not prescribed by a doctor);
- Stressful situations, chronic lack of sleep;
- Frequent change of sexual partners;
- Colds, viral diseases;
- Inflammation of the pelvic organs;
- Complicated pregnancy;
- Bad habits and malnutrition.
In addition to the main treatment, which the doctor will prescribe after the examination, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of the pathological process, otherwise the therapeutic methods will be powerless, and vaginosis will regularly return.
The influence of vaginosis on the course and resolution of pregnancy
The main danger of vaginosis during pregnancy is the transition of the infection to the uterine cavity, where the fetal membranes and the embryo with the placenta will be affected. The result of these processes may be premature birth of a child or miscarriage. The pathogen, affecting the fetal membranes, thins and melts them, due to which purulent contents are formed.
Chorioamnionitis is an inflammation of the inner mucous layer of the uterus in contact with the fetus, accompanied by damage to the membranes and amniotic fluid.
The spread of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women provokes infection of the fetus. Prolonged hypoxia occurs, from which the baby's brain suffers. Violated blood circulation and metabolic processes in the placenta.
The effect on the fetus during infection is as follows: at best, the baby will be born with intrauterine growth retardation or low body weight, at worst, a miscarriage will occur.
Delivery in bacterial vaginosis often occurs by caesarean section. Using this tactic, doctors pursue the only goal - to protect the fetus from infection.
However, after childbirth, the "charms" of the disease can be felt by a newly-made mother: inflammation of the uterus, breast infections, poor recovery of the genital organ, and long postpartum bleeding. Often in these cases it is necessary to abandon breastfeeding, as serious and long-term treatment is ahead.
Clinical signs
Not all women experience symptoms of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy. Often the disease is detected only during the diagnosis. The main method for determining vaginal dysbacteriosis is a smear.
An extended study allows you to determine the number and type of opportunistic microbes. If the patient does not complain, then the smear is taken twice during pregnancy: when registering and before childbirth.
Good results do not guarantee that gardnerellosis during pregnancy will not appear in 1-2 weeks. For this, it is not necessary to have unprotected intercourse. The starting point for the development of pathology is a decrease in immunity.
The expectant mother needs to carefully monitor her well-being and be sure to inform the doctor about the appearance of the following signs:
- Colored secretions (white, gray, green-yellow) have a thick and sticky consistency;
- A sour or fishy smell from the vagina that gets worse after intercourse (when mixed with semen);
- Itching of the external genital organs;
- Pain or pain that occurs during emptying of the bladder;
- Discomfort during sexual intercourse;
- Drawing pains in the lower abdomen, not related to the tone of the uterus.
You should not be afraid of going to the doctor. The first thing the gynecologist will do is take a smear. According to the results, treatment will be prescribed. Lack of timely treatment for bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy is more dangerous than taking medication recommended by a doctor.
Therapeutic methods
It is imperative for women to treat bacterial vaginosis, it is especially important for expectant mothers to say goodbye to it. Depending on the gestational age, oral preparations, as well as local tablets or suppositories, are used in the treatment of vaginal dysbiosis.
In the early stages, it is preferable to use vaginal medications that are not absorbed into the bloodstream and are not able to affect the development of the embryo.
It should be remembered that the laying of all systems and organs of the child occurs up to 12 weeks. The use of any medications before overcoming this milestone is undesirable, as it may affect the child.
Gardnerellosis in pregnant women is treated mainly after 22 weeks. At this time, the placenta is already actively functioning, which allows you to protect the baby from the aggressive active components of the drugs. Therapy involves the use of antibacterial and antiprotozoal agents:
- Metronidazole, Trichopolum, Dalacin are used for 7-10 days from the second half of the gestational period;
- Hexicon in the form of suppositories is used for 10-14 days, can be used even in the first trimester;
- Vapigel, Lactagel, Maxilak, Linex are prescribed for a long time in order to restore the microflora.
In addition to drug treatment, you need to adjust your diet. Fermented milk products, rich in live lactobacilli, have a beneficial effect on digestion and the state of the vaginal microflora. You should remove baking, sweets, smoked meats and pickles from the menu, as well as refuse fatty foods.
Bacterial vaginosis is a serious disorder of the microscopic ecological system of the vagina with a noticeable decrease or complete elimination of lactic acid bacteria and a clear increase in the number of conditional pathogenic flora. It is likely that inflammation will occur. However, this process rarely occurs. Bacterial vaginosis is considered the most common female disease that occurs in the reproductive age category. According to statistics, the disease is diagnosed by chance in thirty-seven percent of cases, with profuse discharge in ninety-five percent, and during pregnancy in 37 percent of cases.
The structure of the vagina can be colonized by lactobacilli. Their rates are usually equated to ninety-five percent. The vast majority are Dederlein's sticks and lactobacilli. However, in addition to these elements, forty species of various acidophilic bacteria that perform protective functions can be located in the body. Approximately five percent is a conditionally pathogenic flora that does not bring any harm to the female body. In essence, the number of types of conditionally pathogenic microflora depends on the individual characteristics of the female body. It is important to note that they can manifest themselves when a woman has vaginal dysbacteriosis during pregnancy.
Lactobacilli, which are normal, are able to break down glycogen from the cells of the vaginal epithelium to hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid, while creating a normalized acidic environment. In general, this acidic environment is considered the most optimal for the active growth of destructive flora and lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacilli colonies, together with the products of their own individual vital activity, form a glycocalyx, that is, a biological film that protects and lines the vagina.
During pregnancy, the combination of harmful and beneficial components may change. This is due to individual life span and hormonal female endures.
During the period of bearing a baby, under the active influence of yellow-bodied hormonal cells, there is a lot of free space. An inexhaustible supply of glycogen is formed, the number of lactobacilli increases significantly, the number of conditional pathogenic microscopic flora decreases, and the pH becomes much lower. Of course, the body strives to do its best. He tries to clear the birth canal by the time the baby is born. On the one hand, it seems that everything should be very good. But if you take a closer look, you can see that the acidic environment in thirty percent of cases begins to significantly stimulate the growth of most infections. This is mycoplasma, yeast-like fungi, and ureaplasma.
With bacterial vaginosis, under the influence of starting mechanisms, the number of lactobacilli located in the vagina decreases. Also, the degree of lactic acid drops sharply, raising the pH and multiplying the opportunistic flora. Thus, the normalized vital activity of lactic acid bacteria is inhibited.
Based on all of the above, the concept of bacterial vaginosis can be deciphered as a disease caused by numerous forms of bacteria and microbes. With all this, gardnerella is not the only unfavorable element, despite its long existence.
Symptoms of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy
Bacterial vaginosis is caused by the presence of some pronounced symptoms:
The fundamental criteria leading to the disease in question are:
- Reduced female immunity of the whole organism.
- Local as well as systemic antibiotic therapy.
- Diabetes mellitus and other endocrine diseases.
- Active treatment with cytostatic and hormonal drugs.
- Anemia of various origins.
- Pathologies of the development of the genital organs.
- Non-observance of elementary prescriptions and recommendations for hygiene.
The course of bacterial vaginosis
It is noted that bacterial vaginosis is a very insidious disease. Treatment, respectively, is just as difficult and fraught with many mysterious moments. It is not uncommon for pathogenic microorganisms to be detected in a vaginal smear, but at the same time a woman may feel well and not complain of any phenomena. Since ancient times, it was believed that female treatment does not make sense. It is only necessary to observe the dynamics of the development of the disease. The ecological system of the vagina is said to be able to regenerate itself without medical intervention. However, women who do not see a specialist are at the highest risk because of the very likely future rupture of the membranes. They are required to regularly visit a gynecologist, and also have a specialized kit at home for instant diagnosis of amniotic fluid leakage.
The most complicated in the diagnostic plan is the group of women who have very abundant discharge. And this is no accident, since during the period of bearing a baby, all physiological leucorrhoea intensifies, which is the cause of severe anxiety. This disease needs careful treatment. Multiple whites are caused by differential diagnosis, water leakage and candidiasis. Treatment of leakage is based on the results of a bacterial disease.
Bacterial vaginosis and complications
The most common complications of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy are:
It is important to note that the treatment of the disease in question, that is, bacterial vaginosis, is strictly individual. Direct treatment involves the early conduct of multiple diagnostic measures and consultations with many specialists. The independent use of various medications is strictly prohibited, since subsequently you can cause severe damage to your own health and the health of the unborn baby. Only the attending physician can prolong treatment, as he is familiar with the pathogenesis of the disease, with the medical history, with contraindications for a pregnant woman and individual physiological and emotional disorders.
The microflora of the vagina contains about 90% of beneficial bacteria and opportunistic microorganisms are contained in a smaller amount. Bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy is formed under the condition of a decrease in the body's immune systems. When the protective barrier is weakened, harmful bacteria begin to develop, threatening the health, not only of the mother, but also of the child.
Causes
After conception, the woman's body experiences a double load, the hormonal background begins to change, and the immune system reduces functionality. At the same time, the lactic acid environment rapidly decreases, giving way to opportunistic bacteria. This process causes bacterial vaginosis, which can provoke:- taking certain medications (antibiotics, hormonal or antifungal agents);
- diseases of the endocrine system;
- allergic reactions;
- stressful situations;
- non-observance of hygiene rules.
Symptoms of pathology
From the moment the pathogenic microflora begins to multiply until the first symptoms appear, no more than 10 days pass. The main sign, during the period of intrauterine development of the fetus, is a feeling of discomfort that occurs for certain reasons:- copious discharge - white, grayish, less often, yellow;
- an unpleasant odor similar to fish;
- inflammation of the internal organs provokes pain in the groin;
- itching, with prolonged absence of treatment;
- pain during urination or sexual intercourse.
Can buck vaginosis affect pregnancy?
Vaginosis, at the stage of bearing a child, is diagnosed only in 20% of women, most of them do not experience discomfort due to the absence of symptomatic manifestations. At the same time, a high concentration of harmful microorganisms in the microflora of the vagina, multiplying, penetrates higher - to the uterus and appendages.There is a threat of infection of the membrane of the fetal bladder (charioamnionitis), a serious complication that threatens the life of the fetus. Rupture of the placenta leads to premature birth, miscarriage and death.
Also, the development of infection, without proper therapy, can affect the course of pregnancy by other factors:
- low body weight of the baby;
- reduced protective barrier of the body;
- development of congenital malformations;
- oxygen starvation of the fetus;
- neurological disorders.
Bacvaginosis - treatment during pregnancy
The main focus of therapy is to normalize the sour-milk environment of the vagina and eliminate symptoms that lead to discomfort. Depending on the type of the diagnosed pathogenic microorganism, drug treatment is prescribed:- Metronidazole (vaginal tablets) or ornidazole is used only after the 20th week of pregnancy, since at an earlier period the drug causes negative consequences in the formation of the fetus.
- Kipferon or Viferon is prescribed to activate immune processes and to enhance the body's defense response.
- Candles hexicon (suppositories) contain the active substance - chlorhexidine. Use the drug even in the early stages of pregnancy, as an antimicrobial and antiseptic agent.
- Atsilakt, bifidin, vapigel and other drugs of this direction are used to restore the normal microflora of the vagina.
In most cases, local treatment and taking vitamin complexes is enough to cope with the pathology. The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor in each case individually, but on average, medication is prescribed for a period of 7 to 10 days.
Treatment of bacvaginosis during pregnancy with folk remedies
An auxiliary and no less effective method in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis will be folk remedies. Before using any remedy at home, you should consult a doctor so as not to complicate the course of the disease and not cause a negative reaction from the fetus.- douching with infusion of chamomile flowers and goose cinquefoil will reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria;
- a warm bath with the addition of 1 cup of apple cider vinegar has an anti-inflammatory effect;
- rinsing with a decoction of bird cherry fruits will significantly reduce the symptoms of the disease;
- a gauze swab dipped in squeezed juice from a radish is inserted overnight into the vagina. The tool has antibacterial properties, relieves itching and swelling.
A pregnant woman should give preference to clothes made from natural fabrics and avoid tight tight-fitting things so as not to create a greenhouse effect and feel as comfortable as possible.
Bacterial vaginosis is a violation of the vaginal microecosystem with a sharp decrease or complete disappearance of lactic acid bacteria and a pronounced increase (hundreds and thousands of times) in the number of opportunistic microflora. Rarely manifested by inflammation. One of the most common diseases among women of reproductive age. It is accidentally diagnosed in 17-37% of cases, in women with profuse and prolonged leucorrhoea - in 95% of cases, and in pregnant women in 15-37% of cases.
What bacteria inhabit the vagina normally?
95-98% - lactobacilli. The vast majority are lactobacilli or Dederlein sticks, but in addition to them, there are about 40 more types of acidophilus bacteria that also perform a protective function.
2-5%2,3 is conditionally pathogenic flora, which normally does absolutely no harm to the female body. The number of species belonging to the conditionally pathogenic microflora is huge, and each woman has her own "set", but there are about a dozen microorganisms present in each, and they necessarily manifest themselves in dysbacteriosis. The main bacterium is Gardnerella vaginalis - it necessarily appears in all vaginosis in all women. It is considered a kind of marker and it is on it that many laboratory tests are based.
How should it be normal?
Normally, lactobacilli break down glycogen from the cells of the squamous epithelium lining the vagina to lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide, creating an acidic pH of up to 3.8 - 4.5. An acidic environment is optimal for the growth of lactic acid bacteria and detrimental to opportunistic flora. A constantly maintained pH level is the key to a clean vagina.
Colonies of lactobacilli, together with their waste products, form a biofilm - glycocalyx, which lines the inside of the vagina and protects it.
How does the ratio of good and bad bacteria change during pregnancy?
As mentioned above, lactobacilli break down glycogen from the cells of the squamous epithelium of the vagina, which performs a barrier function. But these cells have a certain lifespan associated with hormonal changes in a woman's body.
During pregnancy, under the influence of corpus luteum hormones, squamous epithelial cells become especially numerous. An almost endless supply of glycogen, the number of lactobacilli increases, the number of opportunistic microflora decreases, and the pH level becomes even lower. The body is trying to do everything possible so that by the time the baby is born, the birth canal is as clean as possible, and he gets acquainted with a healthy lactic acid flora, which will settle in his intestines.
It would seem that everything should be fine, but in fact, a highly acidic environment stimulates the growth of some forms of transient infections (opportunistic pathogens) in 30% of cases, such as Candida yeast-like fungi, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, etc4,5.
What happens in bacterial vaginosis?
When exposed to one of the triggers, the number of lactobacilli in the vagina decreases. The level of lactic acid drops rapidly, pH rises, opportunistic microflora begins to multiply, primarily gardnerella, which further inhibits the vital activity of lactic acid bacteria. It turns out a "vicious circle", the result of which is either the complete death of lactobacilli, or their presence is not more than 30%. The rapid development of Gardnerella vaginalis creates favorable conditions for the growth of a mass of other pathogenic microorganisms, each of which gives some of its own specific symptoms.
Thus, bacterial vaginosis is a disease caused by many forms of microbes, not just gardnerella, as was thought until recently. Although Gardnerella vaginalis is the dominant infectious agent. By itself, bacterial vaginosis does not pose a threat to women's health, but over the years, accumulating in large numbers of opportunistic microflora, creates conditions for the development of inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs. Women with vaginosis are more easily infected with sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV infection, they have a hard time carrying a pregnancy and often give birth prematurely.
Symptoms of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy
· Profuse leucorrhoea, sometimes grey. If the disease continues for years, they may acquire a greenish-yellow color. Foamy, sticky and viscous.
· A characteristic fishy odor that intensifies after sexual intercourse, in particular after contact with semen.
· Dyspareunia is pain during intercourse.
· Pain in the lower abdomen, in the absence of any other inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs and uterine hypertonicity.
· Itching, burning, urination disorders are extremely rare, so the disease is diagnosed late and manages to deliver a number of unpleasant moments.
What causes bacterial vaginosis
· Decreased immunity
· Systemic and local antibiotic therapy
· Endocrine diseases, most often diabetes mellitus
· Treatment with hormonal and cytostatic drugs
· Malformations of the genital organs
· Anemia of various origins
· Neglect of basic hygiene rules
· The hypothesis of the transmission of bacterial vaginosis by sexual partners is not clinically confirmed and unproven.
Features of the course of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women
Bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy is very insidious and fraught with many pitfalls. In a smear of vaginal discharge, pathogenic microorganisms that exceed the permissible level can be detected, but at the same time, a woman may not present absolutely any complaints characteristic of vaginosis. Recently, it has been considered that it is not worth treating such women, but simply observing the dynamics of development. It is likely that the microecosystem of the vagina with the help of pregnancy hormones will recover itself without medical intervention. But such women are temporarily at increased risk due to the possible premature rupture of the membranes. They should visit the gynecologist more often and have a home kit for the rapid diagnosis of amniotic fluid leakage.
The second category of women - with abundant vaginal discharge. The most difficult in terms of diagnosis. First of all, because during pregnancy, physiological secretions increase, which can cause unreasonable anxiety and treatment. With abundant leucorrhoea during pregnancy, a differential diagnosis should be made between bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis and amniotic fluid leakage. Since leakage in the vast majority of cases is the result of bacterial vaginosis, women at risk should have a test system at home to monitor the integrity of the amniotic membranes in order to exclude this pathology first - as the most dangerous. The only home system recommended by the European Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists today is the Amnishur test. Its accuracy is 99.8% and surpasses many laboratory diagnostic methods.
Treatment of bacterial vaginosis
Treatment is individual. It should be prescribed only by a doctor after all diagnostic measures have been taken. You can not use drugs to treat bacterial vaginosis on your own, as this can only aggravate the situation, prolong treatment in the future and increase the number of complications.