Guilloche. Guilloche (fabric burning) What you need to know to master the guilloche technique

Guilloche is a technique of burning a pattern onto a fabric. It is done using a special apparatus. Needlewomen burn out only on synthetic fabrics, the whole point is that working with natural fabrics fail, the fabric should melt, but not burn. The opportunities that open up for those who have mastered this technique are very large. You can create decorative paintings using the resulting application. Can be done by hand openwork napkins, postcards, decorate notebooks, clothes: collars, scarves and more.

The very history of the emergence of this art is not completely known. Germany in the 70s. 19th century There was a similar manual technique of burning on fabric, which was called pyrotechnics.

Thanks to the originality, sophistication and uniqueness of the art of burning on fabric, many craftswomen have mastered it. Guilloche is popular both in Russia and abroad. Learn the basics of this art and children from the age of six.

In the 1980s, a new original method of processing fabrics, guilloche, was first developed in Rybinsk. Its author is Zinaida Petrovna Kotenkova. In 1990 Z.P. Kotenkova received a copyright certificate for her invention.

Guilloche - in relation to the processing of fabric, is used as the name of the method of processing synthetic fabrics, based on the welded connection of parts. It is based on the property of synthetic fabrics to melt at a certain temperature, which allows you to cut through patterns and connect individual parts with a hot needle.

Guilloche possibilities are very wide. With the help of a hot needle, you can quickly produce a variety of beautiful elegant products; imitate many types of traditional arts and crafts (embroidery, lace, appliqué, etc.); use in creativity the motifs of folk crafts that are not related to the processing of fabrics, such as Rostov enamel, Khokhloma painting, Gzhel; change the texture of fabrics.

Having mastered guilloche, you can make various additions to clothing: collars, frills, vests, dresses and blouses can be decorated with "embroidery". Accessories - decorative scarves, brooches, earrings, artificial flowers. Guilloche can be used when creating gifts and souvenirs: cosmetic bags, covers and bookmarks, paintings, panels. The house can be decorated with curtains, lampshades, napkins.

What you need to know to master the technique of guilloche

1. Before you start working with finished product, you should know that for beginners this type of needlework may seem difficult. Therefore, practice on a flap of the same fabric.

2. On the Internet you will find various schemes to create drawings from which you can choose what you like.

3. Keep in mind that for this burning technique, it is necessary to observe great accuracy and clarity of the ornament.

To work you need:

1. Fabric. Only synthetic fabrics are suitable: satin, nylon, nylon, raincoat fabrics, crimplene, lurex fabrics, artificial silk, thin and dense knitwear, velvet, panne velvet, etc. These fabrics do not burn under the action of a hot needle, but melt and become sticky .
2. Sketch. Ready-made or make a drawing yourself, on thick paper, preferably on Whatman paper, with a dark felt-tip pen or marker.
You can take drawings for cutwork, drawings from children's coloring books.
3. Burning apparatus.

4. Copy table.

5. Tools. Scissors, cardboard, foil, sharp-tipped tweezers (for removing small cut-out details), small pieces of cloth (used to remove carbon deposits from a hot needle) and fine sandpaper or natfel (for sharpening the working tip of a simple needle during its manufacture, as well as when cleaning the hot needle from burning).

Guilloche master class with step by step photo"Gerbera"

Sevostyanova Natalya Valerievna teacher of additional education MOAUDOD "TsRTDYU "Constellation" Orsk", Orsk, Orenburg region.
Intended: for schoolchildren of middle and older age, for teachers, parents, educators.
Usage: as a gift, to decorate the interior and paintings.
Target: expanding knowledge about the methods of making flowers in the technique of burning on fabric in the classroom of arts and crafts.
Tasks:
- to teach methods of working with fabric, new ways of making flowers from fabric;
- develop Creative skills, imagination, spatial thinking;
- to cultivate accuracy, aesthetic taste, interest in working with fabric;
- to learn how to beautifully, aesthetically competently arrange a composition, taking into account the shape, size, color.

A bit about guilloche

Guilloche (fabric burning) is a needlework technique that involves finishing products with openwork lace and making appliques by burning using a special apparatus.
The author of the original method of processing fabrics, called "guilloche", was Zinaida Petrovna Kotenkova. The method was first developed in the 1980s in Rybinsk, and in 1990 a copyright certificate for the invention was obtained. Zinaida Kotenkova collaborated with fashion designer Vyacheslav Zaitsev, and also received thank you letter from Anne Burda, creator of Burda Moden magazine.
Guilloche became popular in Russia and abroad. With it, you can make products using applications: napkins, panels, bookmarks, postcards, notebooks, lace products in the style of cutwork, etc.
Only synthetic fabrics are suitable for guilloche, since they do not burn when heated, but melt and become sticky: satin, nylon, nylon, raincoat fabrics, crimplene, lurex fabrics, rayon, thin and dense knitwear, velvet, panne velvet, etc. e. The guilloche tool is a wood burning machine or a soldering iron with minor modifications.
In guilloche, along with synthetic fabrics, silk is widely used. It has excellent adhesiveness, which is so important for creating interesting works.
This is a rare kind of arts and crafts, fraught with great opportunities. Openwork collars and handkerchiefs, napkins and curtains, made according to new technology beautify the world around you.
Guilloche (fabric burning) is a modern and fascinating type of needlework. Its advantage is that it takes much less time to make a product than a product made using the embroidery technique. round napkin with a diameter of 15–20 cm or a medium-sized collar can be completed in 1.5–2 hours.
Fabric burning is based on the property of fabrics made of chemical fibers - to melt and stick together under the influence of high temperature.
Guilloche possibilities are very wide. Using a hot needle, you can create magnificent products using appliqué: napkins, decorative panels, bookmarks for books, postcards, notebooks, as well as cutwork-style lace products: collars, scarves and, of course, flowers.

Gerbera- Latin Gerbera - Astrov family.
gerberas grow in South Africa, Madagascar, as well as in tropical Asia. The beauty and variety of colors of Gerberas is striking, they can be any color except blue.
Gerberas are grown all over the world as beautifully flowering ornamental plants - for cutting, as indoor flowers and as garden plants.
Gerberas were first described in 1737 by the Dutch botanist Jan Gronovius and named after his colleague, the German physician and botanist Traugott Gerber, who researched medicinal plants in Russia and was the director of the Apothecary Garden, later it was named Botanical Garden. There is another version of the origin of the name - from the Latin herba - grass.
Fragile Gerberas, brought from distant Africa, did not take root in Europe. But in 1878, the Scottish gold digger Robert Jameson found unusual flower, which turned out to be a new species of Gerbera.
Breeders took up crossbreeding Gerbers, and many various kinds. But the flowers were still very susceptible to disease and died. And only by the middle of the last century, breeders still managed to increase the resistance of plants to diseases and get flowers with large inflorescences of spectacular colors.
Now these amazing flowers delight us with their simplicity, modesty and at the same time extraordinary beauty and elegance.

The legend of the gerbera
The nymph of the forest once lived,
This beauty was called the coat of arms.
Very beautiful! Caused delight!
Looking at the nymph, the soul blossomed!

Liked by everyone and caught only glances
Suddenly she realized that she needed something else ...
“How tiring all this attention,
I would like another confession!

I will become an inconspicuous and modest flower,
Unpretentious, full of joy.
Light, open and for the mood ... "
She became a gerbera... The transformation has passed.
author Natalia Ushenina
Required materials for manufacturing: lining fabric for a flower (in our case, pink) - 50X50 cm, black (green or yellow) crystal fabric for the core of the flower - 5 X 30 cm, green satin crepe fabric - 5 X 10 cm, wire for a stem with a diameter of 2 mm, crepe green paper, pliers, PVA glue, burner, glass, iron ruler, scissors, aluminum foil templates, a bar of soap or chalk, a glass vial with a diameter of 2 cm.

We start making a flower by making a core. To do this, we take a black crystal fabric with a width of about 3 - 4 cm and a length of 25 - 30 cm. Since the core of Gerber is both yellow and light green, you can take these colors. We lay the strip on the glass and, using a burner and an iron ruler, cut off the edges of the strip from all sides. On the front side of the strip, we draw lines in length, departing from the upper and lower edges by 5 - 7 mm. We lay the strip on the glass and with the help of a burner we make a cut using the “Noodles” technique in the middle of our strip, i.e. between the drawn lines.

Technique "Noodles". Two horizontal parallel lines are drawn on the fabric at a certain distance. With the help of an iron ruler and a burner, we connect these two parallel ones, drawing lines perpendicular to them. Each subsequent line is drawn in parallel, below the previous one at a distance of 1 - 2 mm. Thus, we cut along the entire length of the strip to the required size (length).
We fold the resulting strip in half in length, connecting the opposite edges of the strip with a burner every 3-4 cm. The core blank is ready.

Bend the upper edge of the wire with pliers by 5 mm (if the wire is thinner, then fold it in half). We insert the edge of the core blank into the loop formed and clamp it with pliers.

We twist our workpiece around the wire, fixing it with a burner. Be sure to make sure that the bottom edge of the workpiece lies flat and does not move, forming a “hat”

The edge of the workpiece is well fixed with a burner. With the side of the burner needle, we melt the lower edge of the resulting “cap - core”, for strength and so that it does not lose its shape.

The stem with the core is ready.

We proceed to the manufacture of inflorescences. We fold the lining fabric in two, lay it on the glass and, using a burner and a petal template cut out of aluminum foil (petal size 1.5 x 5 cm), cut out the petals.

We press the template tightly against the fabric and circle it with a burner needle from all sides, trying to prevent displacement. We hold the burner needle perpendicular to the glass, so the edges will be smooth and beautiful. We remove the template and pry the cut petal with the edge of the template, remove it from the glass and set it aside. We lay the template again on the fabric, placing it as close as possible to the already cut one. Thus, we cut out 40 - 46 petals.
We process the lower edge of the petal. We bend the sides to the center of the petal and fix it with a burner (with a burner needle we put a dot on the edge of the petal after the battle we press it with our finger so that the edges stick together)

We process all the petals in this way.
The basis for the inflorescence. With the help of a coin, we cut out a circle with a diameter of 2 cm with a burner. Fold it in half and, using a ruler, cut it along the fold at an angle from the edge to the center, 2 mm on both sides. Then turn the part out. The basis for the inflorescence in the shape of a cone is ready.

We attach the petals to the base. We apply the petal to the base and solder it with a burner to the base, i.e. put a dot with a burner and then press it with your finger.
Attention! Since the melted fabric is hot, work must be done carefully, as you can burn yourself.

Next to the first petal, lay the next petal and burn it in the same way as the first. Thus, we fasten the subsequent petals of the first row, placing them next to each other. We fasten the second row in the same way as the first, placing the petals of the second row between the petals of the first (in a checkerboard pattern). So we fasten all the petals, in a checkerboard pattern in subsequent rows, until all the petals are over. The inflorescence is ready.

We turn to the manufacture of small petals. From a piece of fabric we cut off a strip 30–40 cm long with a beveled top, one side of which is 1.5 cm and the other 2.5 cm.

Stepping back from the lower straight edge of 2 - 3 mm, we cut our strip into petals 4 - 5 mm wide for the entire remaining height and to the end of the strip.

It turned out a strip with narrow petals

We take a glass vial with a diameter of 2 cm and wind a strip with small petals on it, starting from a smaller edge of 1.5 cm, equalize the lower edge

Using a burner, we fasten the lower edge of the small petals in four places (it is not necessary to fix the entire edge completely around the circumference), the main thing is to fix the beginning and end of the strip.

Small petals are ready.

We proceed to the assembly of the flower. We put on a blank with small petals on a stem with a finished core and, using a burner, carefully fix them on the core of the flower with several points.

we make a hole in the center of the inflorescence blank with a burner and put it on the stem, fixing it from the wrong side with a burner.

From a green satin crepe folded in half, we cut out a circle with a diameter of 2.5 - 3 cm (it is fashionable to use a 5-ruble coin for this). We make a sepal. We fold it in half and, using a ruler, cut it along the fold at an angle from the edge to the center, 2 mm on both sides. We unfold the part, fold it in half again, combining the already cut edges and also using a ruler, cut along the fold at an angle from the edge to the center, 2 mm on both sides.

The result was a piece in the shape of a cone cut off from four sides. Then turn the part out.

With the help of a burner, we make out the upper edge of the sepal with a wavy line. At the top of the sepals, we make a hole with a burner.

We put the sepal on the stem and carefully fix it with a burner - we draw a needle between the sepal and wrong side inflorescences and immediately press the parts to each other. You can also use a glue gun or titanium glue. Guilloche (fabric burning) is a needlework technique that involves finishing products with openwork lace and making appliques by burning using a special apparatus.
The technique of burning on silk (or rather, etching patterns on silk) has been known for a long time. Fabric with a pattern, obtained by burning (chemical etching) of a part of the fibers, has a separate name "devore".

In general, guilloche is the engraving on a special so-called guilloche machine of a pattern in the form of certain combinations of lines. As applied to our method, guilloche means the finishing of products with openwork lace and the production of appliqués by burning with the help of a special apparatus.

The author of the original method of processing fabrics, called "guilloche", was Zinaida Petrovna Kotenkova. The method was first developed in the 1980s in Rybinsk, and in 1990 a copyright certificate for the invention was obtained. Zinaida Kotenkova collaborated with fashion designer Vyacheslav Zaitsev, and also received a letter of thanks from Anne Burda, the creator of Burda Moden magazine.

Guilloche became popular in Russia and abroad. With it, you can make products using appliqué: napkins, panels, bookmarks, postcards, notebooks, cutwork lace products, etc.

Only synthetic fabrics are suitable for guilloche, since they do not burn when heated, but melt and become sticky: satin, nylon, nylon, raincoat fabrics, crimplene, lurex fabrics, rayon, thin and dense knitwear, velvet, panne velvet, etc. e. The guilloche tool is a wood burning machine or a soldering iron with minor modifications.

In guilloche, along with synthetic fabrics, silk is widely used. It has excellent adhesiveness, which is so important for creating interesting works.
This is a rare kind of arts and crafts, fraught with great opportunities. Openwork collars and handkerchiefs, napkins and curtains made using new technology will decorate the world around you.

Guilloche (fabric burning) is a modern and fascinating type of needlework. Its advantage is that it takes much less time to make a product than a product made using the embroidery technique. A round napkin with a diameter of 15–20 cm or a medium-sized collar can be made in 1.5–2 hours.

Germany in the 70s. 19th century manual technique of burning on fabric was called pyrotechnics. Thanks to the originality, sophistication and uniqueness of the art of burning on fabric, many craftswomen have mastered it. Learn the basics of this art and children from the age of six.
Quite quickly, the technique of burning on fabric spread throughout the country and, although it was protected by a copyright certificate, in different cities individual craftswomen took upon themselves the responsibility of the primary source.

Guilloche possibilities are very wide. Using a hot needle, you can create magnificent products using applique: napkins, decorative panels, bookmarks for books, postcards, notebooks, as well as cutwork-style lace products: collars, scarves, etc.

Recently, carved elements on fabric have come into fashion. Perforated patterns adorn the edges of collars, sleeves, and hems of dresses. You can follow too fashion trends, having studied guilloche - the technique of artistic carving on fabric - and transforming old things with its help.

History of creativity

Guilloche as a type of creativity was recognized relatively recently - only in the middle of the twentieth century. Zinaida Kotenkova, a Russian needlewoman from Rybinsk, developed her own method of burning on fabric only in the 1980s.

The method is to use a special soldering iron or a burning tool to cut patterns into fabric or glue pieces of fabric to form an appliqué.

In 1990, Zinaida issued a copyright certificate confirming the innovation of her creative idea, which can be used to create a variety of products: tablecloths and napkins, bookmarks and panels, decorations for postcards and notebook covers.

The finished pattern resembles a work done with satin stitch embroidery using the richelieu technique.

Tools

Guilloche is based on the use of hot objects - cutters or heaters. It is enough for beginner needlewomen to have a soldering iron with a pointed working end on hand.

But if you want to learn how to cut complex ornate patterns, get a special device for wood burning. Stock up on various nozzles - with thin, rounded and wide tips that will help you complete drawings of any complexity.

Opt for cutters with voltage regulation so that you can cut both thick and thin fabrics. In addition, with reduced voltage, you can not only cut out patterns, but also melt the material to glue the mosaic elements together.

It is convenient to take care of the cutter by sharpening its needle every time it becomes dull with ordinary sandpaper.

In addition, guilloche will require you to have standard tools used in creativity: scissors, tweezers - for more convenient movement of small parts, glue, stencils and patterns.

And do not forget about safety: guilloche is based on working with high temperatures. Make sure that the hot surfaces of the tool do not come into contact with bare skin, hair, nails.

Working materials

The trick of this type of needlework is that the work is done only on synthetic fabrics. They do not burn like natural ones, but begin to melt, so that a heated piece of matter can be cut or glued.

Most often needleworkers use the following materials:

• Nylon - the material is perfect both for the base and for the manufacture of finishing parts. This group includes synthetic satin, tricotine, crimplen, corrugated dense brocade.

• Nylon ribbons - with their help, the pattern is diluted with bright spots. Thanks to the wide color palette of this material, tint transitions can be created.

In addition, guilloche accepts the use of artificial silk, lurex, capron, artificial velvet, chiffon.

Before starting work, check the properties of the fabric. Take a small piece and set it on fire to understand whether the material melts or burns, whether the working needle leaves fumes and soot on it.

Do not forget about additional working materials. For example, it is easy to form templates for future parts from cardboard and foil. And buttons, beads and beadwork are perfect for decorating the finished work.

DIY paintings

To better remember what guilloche is, try to do it yourself beautiful picture from matter with their own hands. You will need a loose synthetic fabric, paper, lamp and glass.

With the help of this master class, you will learn how to guilloche two layers of fabric by gluing pieces of auxiliary fabric to the main one.

• Print the drawing of the future picture on a piece of paper. Make sure it has a thick outline.

• Install the glass so that you can place an illuminating lamp under it. For example, glass can be placed on 2 supports, and a lamp can be placed under it.

• Choose the fabrics from which you will create a picture. Choose light fabrics as a basis - bright colors will look better on them.

• Place the sheet with the printed stencil on the glass illuminated from below. Lay the fabric on top, from which you plan to cut out small details. Pass the heated cutter along the outer contour of the pattern, cutting out the elements of the picture.

• Try to cut out the outline of each detail without taking your hands off the fabric.

• After all the details are cut out, lay them out in the field of view so that there is free working space. Attach the base fabric to the stencil with sewing pins and light with a lamp.

• Start gluing those parts that will be covered by other elements on top. Lay the sheet against the base paper and with the help of light, quick movements with the cutter along the outer edge, which resemble stitches from the center to the edge, connect the elements to the base.

• After you have glued all the leaves, start attaching the petals. Do not keep the soldering iron in one place for a long time - you can burn both the part itself and the main fabric, leaving ugly holes.

• When you have soldered all the parts to the base, you can start working on the inner contour. With the same movements that create soldered holes in the form of droplets, walk along the inner lines of the picture.

• Finish finishing - heat the soldering iron a little more and start cutting out the outline of the napkin. It can be made both smooth and openwork, as in the master class.

Your napkin is ready! The product may become great decoration table or original gift close person. To turn a napkin into a painting, simply place the item under the glass frame.

Now try to master guilloche in a slightly different technique. This video tutorial will tell you how to create a three-dimensional brooch in the form of a fabric flower by gluing three-dimensional petal parts.

At first, it may seem that guilloche is a rather laborious process. But you will quickly get used to working with a miniature soldering iron and begin to enjoy the process.

Guilloche is a technique of openwork burning on fabric. Various napkins, tablecloths, clothing items and even paintings can be created using guilloche. To do this, you need a device for burning wood, in which the sting is replaced with a wire needle.

Further work is required: glass, lamp, paper and thin synthetic fabric, satin is best suited. The glass is installed so that a lamp can be installed under it. For this purpose, I use an LCD TV with a damaged matrix, instead of which glass is inserted (perhaps someone will be interested in such a device, quite convenient). The drawing is printed on a printer or copied onto a white sheet of paper or drawing paper by hand. It is desirable that the lines of the drawing be clear and thick, if they are thin, then it is worth circling them with a marker. You can find a suitable pattern on the Internet or come up with your own.

Consider fabric burning using a napkin as an example (I took the picture on the Internet):
We turn on the lamp, put paper with a pattern on the glass, put a fabric on top and proceed to burning. You can make both single-layer products, with a pattern, and two-layer ones, with “gluing” the layers to each other, using a burning device.
I will talk about the two-layer creation of a napkin.
This will require a small piece of plain fabric and colored patches. You can choose colors according to your taste. I chose gold for the base and centers of the flowers, green for the leaves, red for the flowers themselves.

First, from the flaps with the sting of the burning apparatus, we cut out elements that will be superimposed on top of the base, flowers and leaves. The fabric is best ironed and slightly stretched when burned. Keep in one place, avoid shifts. The needle of the burning apparatus should be guided away from you. You need to cut the details along the outer contour, about the inner, we will talk later.

After all the details are cut out, we take the fabric for the base of the napkin and pin it to the paper with the pattern with pins, covering it completely.

With a needle we make light strokes that look like a droplet, we do not hold the needle in place for a long time, otherwise large holes will turn out.
Details are superimposed on the base according to the drawing. When all the leaves are attached to the base, proceed to the flowers. Also, according to the drawing, we put it on the base and “solder” it using the same method, hiding the tails of the leaves. In this napkin, the flowers are divided into two parts. Most will be applied on the front side, and a small part on the wrong side. Thus, an interesting color effect will turn out.

When all the elements are “soldered” to the base, we begin to pass the same “droplets” along the inner contour and the rest of the lines on the flowers and leaves.