Composition and norm of amniotic fluid. Functions, color and smell of amniotic fluid are normal. Water discharge before childbirth in pregnant women

During pregnancy in the mother's womb, the fetus is surrounded by amniotic fluid, which is commonly called amniotic fluid. They are important in relation to the development of the fetus, so their outpouring normally occurs only in a certain period. labor activity.

If the waters begin to recede prematurely, this threatens with premature resolution and becomes a serious risk factor. You need to understand the dangers similar situations for woman and baby. The question of how to understand that the waters have broken should be studied by every expectant mother.

Symptoms of loss of amniotic fluid

Many women, even at the beginning of their term, are interested in how to understand that the waters have broken. The physiology of a woman is designed in such a way that during the third trimester of pregnancy, the discharge is more abundant, and this is the absolute norm. It is necessary to identify the nature of such manifestations, which should be done by the gynecologist leading the pregnancy. But future mom for the sake of her own safety and the health of the baby, she herself must be able to determine that the premature discharge of fluid has begun. It is important to know and understand what is happening in the body: leakage amniotic fluid or selection.

The main symptoms that can make you wary lie in the following factors:

The outpouring of fluid increases with a change in position and movement.
If there has been a significant rupture of the fetal bladder, the fluid begins to flow down the legs. A woman, even with the effort of her genital muscles, cannot stop the flow.
If the damage to the bladder is microscopic, the leakage is determined solely with the help of a smear in the antenatal clinic or special tests.

External differences

It is possible to distinguish two conditions - leakage of amniotic fluid or discharge - by appearance formations on underwear or hygiene products. The waters have a transparent color (sometimes with a pinkish, greenish, brownish tint) and are a bit cloudy. The discharge may have a thicker consistency and a white, yellowish-white, brownish tint. Amniotic fluid, which is far from transparent, should also alert the expectant mother.

Special home check tests

To understand what is really happening (leakage of amniotic fluid or discharge), tests that are specially designed to test women at home will help. The most effective are two research methods, the essence of which is as follows:

Before checking, you must go to the toilet, wash intimate area, pat dry with a towel. After that, it is recommended to lie down on a clean, dry sheet or diaper. If stains appear on the surface of the fabric after twenty minutes, there is a high probability of premature outflow. The reliability of this technique is about 80%.
The possibility of loss allows you to identify special accessories. Gaskets for the outpouring of amniotic fluid can be purchased at a pharmacy for an average of 300 rubles.

Special testing tools

Some pharmaceutical companies produce special pads for amniotic fluid leakage. According to external characteristics, this is a completely standard hygienic package. The main difference is that each product contains special reagents. They help to reliably determine even the smallest fraction of the outpouring.

The test is quite simple: the product is attached to the underwear and left for 12 hours. The reagents react exclusively with amniotic fluid and stain the pad aquamarine. The study allows you to distinguish the presence of discharge from the main problem. The hygiene bag simply won't change color.

At the first signs of outflow, you should immediately contact a gynecologist, because such a condition can threaten the health of the fetus and mother. It is also better to consult a doctor if a woman is concerned about any suspicions. Only a specialist will help remove unnecessary fears and reliably establish whether a woman has amniotic fluid leakage or discharge, which are a sign of the healthy functioning of the body. In any case, you need to carefully listen to your condition.

How to recognize amniotic fluid leakage with a high level of confidence?

Professional methods of examination give high efficiency. During a medical examination, a more detailed diagnosis is carried out. By manipulating a special tool - a gynecological speculum - the obstetrician examines the cervix. It is likely that the woman will have to specifically push. If a copious discharge of fluid begins at this point, the fetal bladder may be damaged, and the doctor determines how the amniotic fluid is leaking. Depending on the results of the study, further tactics of action are built.

Additional manipulations

The medical test for amniotic fluid leakage is to determine the pH level of the vagina. If the environment is normal, high acidity will be detected. With the loss of amniotic fluid, it becomes slightly alkaline or neutral. This method also allows you to determine the presence of various infectious diseases.

Often, an obstetrician conducts a cytological examination - this is a special test for amniotic fluid. The substance to be separated is applied to the glass. After drying, it is determined what it is: water or physiological secretions. At the 40th week of the term, the technique is not used

If the doctors justified their suspicions, at the end an ultrasound examination is performed to determine the exact amount of amniotic fluid. If their volume is less than normal, oligohydramnios is diagnosed.

Risk factors

Infectious lesions of the genital tract that occurred before the onset of pregnancy or on early dates.
Malformations of the uterus (mostly congenital).
cervical insufficiency. The cervix is poorly closed and cannot cope with the pressure from the growing fetus.
Polyhydramnios. The diagnosis is made after an ultrasound examination.
Chorionic biopsy, cordocentesis, amniocentesis. Genetic disorders.
Mechanical injury received while waiting for the baby.
Insufficient pressing of the presenting part of the fetus. Most often observed in women with a narrow pelvis and in the presence of anomalies in its development.
Multiple pregnancy.

What is a norm?

A healthy pregnancy and childbirth implies the following sequence of events: when the 38th, 39th, 40th week of pregnancy comes, labor can begin at any time. When one of the contractions proceeds, the bubble in which the amniotic fluid is enclosed breaks, and they come out in one stream. If this does not happen, the obstetrician performs a forced puncture, which is called an amniotomy.

Classification

Depending on the time when the outflow occurs, and on how the amniotic fluid leaks, the following classification has been developed:

Timely. It begins at the end of the first birth period with full or almost full disclosure of the cervix.
Premature. When it's 39, before the onset of stable labor.
Early. Leakage during labor but before cervical dilatation.
belated. Occurs due to the high density of the fetal membranes. The effusion begins in the second birth period.
High rupture of shells. Occurs at a level above the cervical os.

AT ideal outpouring must be precisely timely. But in terms of full-term pregnancy, the period of which exceeds 37 weeks, any option may be favorable if, as a result, normal labor activity develops. A similar condition is considered dangerous if the period is less than 37 weeks.

Why is leakage dangerous?

In order to understand all the consequences that threaten premature rupture, it is necessary to understand the functions that amniotic fluid carries:

barrier to infection. Infection through the mother's genitals can get to the child in a vertical way.
Prevention of compression of the umbilical cord. The waters help create a free flow of blood to the baby.
mechanical function. The fetus receives protection from negative external influences, such as shocks or falls. Conditions are created for the free movement of the baby.
biologically active environment. There is a constant exchange and secretion of chemicals between mother and baby.

In the event of the development of disorders, all functions suffer, but intrauterine infection becomes the most dangerous complication, because leakage occurs due to loss of integrity of the membranes. As a result, the tightness of the medium is lost, protection from external influences is lost, and sterility is violated. Viruses, bacteria, fungi can penetrate the fetus.

If a leak is found...

If an outflow occurs during this, it can cause infection of the fetus with various infections, which, without barriers, can overcome all protection. As soon as the obstetrician makes sure that there is leakage, the woman is sent for ultrasound diagnostics. This study helps determine the degree of maturity of the baby in the womb. If the kidneys and respiratory system of the fetus are ready for full-fledged functioning outside the uterus, this is done to prevent infection of the child with an infection.

If the fetus is not ready for independent life, measures are taken to prolong the pregnancy - doctors will expect the fetus to be ready for childbirth. The therapy is as follows:

Prescribing antibacterial drugs. This will help prevent intrauterine infection.
Strict bed rest. Rest and a stable position facilitate the therapy.
Permanent monitoring of the health and condition of the child, as every day is considered important. The baby has every chance to grow to a viable state in the mother's womb. An assessment of its blood flow, perturbation is carried out.
Mother undergoes laboratory tests, body temperature is measured.
In the absence of signs of infection, expectant management continues. The child's airways can be prepared for independent functioning, for which hormonal drugs can be prescribed. It is not dangerous, all activities are aimed at maintaining the health of the mother and child.

Instead of a conclusion

Premature leakage of water can be prevented if a woman, in the presence of risk factors, carries out appropriate prevention. For example, timely treatment of cervical insufficiency is implemented, when a suture can be applied to the cervix, a special one is introduced. In some cases, preservation therapy, sanitation of the genital tract and other potential infectious foci (pyelonephritis, caries, tonsillitis) are carried out. The most favorable prognosis is formed with effusion in full-term pregnancy. However, the expectant mother should not panic, it is advisable to remain calm and follow all the doctor's instructions.

The worries that arise in pregnant women before childbirth are not in vain, because the birth of each child is individual and can occur in different ways, even if a woman already has children. The discharge of water is always a reliable indicator of the onset of labor. However, for some, they are poured out completely, and for someone gradually. How to determine that amniotic fluid is starting to drain, and what to do about it? Is it possible not to notice the outpouring of liquid? These are the main issues that are relevant for all pregnant women and especially for nulliparous women. They require detailed explanation.

Signs of breaking water

The fluid that surrounds the baby throughout pregnancy is called amniotic fluid, or amniotic fluid. When the fetus grows up and is completely ready for its birth, it presses hard on the walls of the bubble, and it bursts, and water pours out.

Depending on the size of the crack and the location of the rupture of the bubble, the liquid is poured out completely or gradually. In the first case, it will not be difficult to determine that the waters have departed, and in the second, difficulties usually arise. How to understand that the waters have broken? You can determine that the bubble has burst, and you can recognize the onset of labor by the following signs:

Basically, the water leaves at night, when the pregnant woman is sleeping. Women in labor note that they wake up from the feeling of a wet bed. Those who have a bladder tear during the day feel some pressure in the lower abdomen before pouring out the liquid. Many do not feel anything before the discharge of amniotic fluid. It is not uncommon for fluid to be poured into the toilet when urinating, when a woman strains a little. This situation is a reason to fear that the waters will depart imperceptibly.
A pregnant woman may feel cotton inside herself, and then abundant moisture, sometimes similar to urinary incontinence, which is a reliable sign of a rupture of the intrauterine bladder.
Experts say that at the beginning of the outpouring, the volume of amniotic fluid is equal to one glass (200-250 ml), but in practice the amount of outgoing water may differ.
When the break amniotic sac is formed from above, the water leaves gradually, which leads to oxygen starvation of the baby due to the slowly decreasing volume of amniotic fluid. This is very dangerous for the health of the child.

Passage of amniotic fluid before contractions

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When contractions begin, doctors do not recommend rushing to the hospital, because they can be training. It happens that preparatory contractions last for a month. However, if the nature of cramping pains is periodic and regular, we can assume that the birth process has begun.
In case of early discharge of amniotic fluid, professional monitoring of the condition of the mother and child is necessary. If, after the outflow of water, labor activity is poorly developed or does not exist at all, doctors will take appropriate measures for a successful delivery. Untimely seeking help can lead to complications and harm the life and health of not only the baby, but also his mother.

Timely outpouring of water
Although nature allots 40 obstetric weeks, the baby may appear earlier than this period. Most often, primiparous women give birth at 38 weeks, while the baby is considered full-term. It is in primiparous mothers that a feeling of anxiety arises, why the water does not pour out when the contractions have already begun.
There is no need to worry about this, because the outflow of intrauterine fluid during childbirth is considered timely, when contractions have a regular cycle, and the cervix has opened at least 4 cm. if he didn't break himself.
belated process
In some situations, the amniotic sac does not open on its own. The reason for this is:
excessive bubble density;
delayed pregnancy;
preeclampsia;
violation of labor activity;
Rh-conflict of the child and mother;
weak labor activity.

If the amniotic sac does not rupture naturally before or during childbirth, then there are indications for amniotomy - artificial piercing with medical instruments (more in the article:). This procedure is absolutely painless, and you should not be afraid of it. After opening the bladder, the amniotic fluid departs and labor activity becomes more intense.

What sensations does a woman in labor experience when amniotic fluid is discharged?
What sensations does a woman in labor experience when amniotic fluid is poured out? This question is mainly of interest to primiparous mothers. After childbirth, women compare the sensations that occur when the waters are completely poured out with a feeling of emptiness. When the bladder ruptures, the large and round abdomen suddenly becomes smaller. Contractions intensify after that. pain reach their peak.
If the rupture of the bubble is small and occurs before the onset of contractions, then the woman may not even feel that it has burst. She will feel only copious watery discharge, which is sometimes compared to spontaneous urination.
How much liquid should go?
For most pregnant women, it is important to know how much fluid should pass. With a normal pregnancy and a lower rupture of the fetal sac, the anterior part of the amniotic fluid is poured out immediately. Such an outpouring is compared by many with a sharp squelching and sometimes an intense stream, so it is difficult to miss it. New moms usually compare the amount of discharge with a bucket of water. It seems to them that there is a lot of liquid, but this is not so.
When the fetal bladder breaks, about 600-1000 ml of fluid is immediately poured out. The rest (about 200 ml) will go away little by little.
What color is amniotic fluid?
It is important for every woman who is preparing to become a mother to know in advance about the color of amniotic fluid during childbirth and what does it mean when it differs from the norm? If the waters have broken at home, mommy should definitely pay attention to their shade. This will make it possible for the woman herself and the specialists to decide what actions need to be taken for a subsequent successful delivery. The color of the liquid may look like this:
Transparent waters are an indicator of the norm. Their smell, while some compare with breast milk that after childbirth provokes the child to look for the mother's breast. A woman in labor can call an ambulance and calmly prepare for a trip to the hospital.
A cloudy yellowish color of the liquid is also considered normal if a woman feels well. Water may break while going to the toilet when urinating. In this case, the liquid will turn yellow, which is not a cause for concern.
Water may have pink and red blotches. This is usually the result of mucus from the dilating cervix entering the amniotic fluid from the start of its discharge. With a natural color (yellow or colorless), you should not worry.
If amniotic fluid green color, this indicates the presence in the amniotic fluid of a large amount of meconium in the process of defecation of the baby or oligohydramnios. Both of these reasons can cause irreparable harm to the health of the child. With oligohydramnios, the baby experiences oxygen starvation, causing brain hypoxia, which sometimes leads to the death of the child. Ingestion of meconium by a baby also leads to negative consequences such as pneumonia and pulmonitis.
If the waters have broken and their color is brown, it is urgent to call an ambulance, describing your situation. How darker color, the greater the risk of death of the child.
The situation is no less dangerous if there is blood in the waters, especially with a bright red color. This is a sign of open bleeding. This situation threatens the life of not only the child, but also his mother. In this case, the woman needs urgent medical attention. While the team of doctors is traveling, you need to take a horizontal position and limit your movements.

How to act during the discharge of water?
Usually women prepare for childbirth in advance. They collect things in the maternity hospital according to the list issued by the doctor. For most, the package of necessary supplies is ready from the beginning of the 3rd trimester, so if contractions occur or the fetal sac breaks at home, the question of what to take to the hospital is not worth it. Each mother should understand that without amniotic fluid, the child will live for about 12 hours, therefore, when opening the fetal sac, mandatory hospitalization is necessary.
The actions of the mother in this case should be as follows:
calling an ambulance with a description of the situation;
if there is blood in the waters, it is imperative to lie down and not move;
if the color of the liquid is normal, a woman can rinse and change her underwear;
it is not recommended to wash away when the waters break, so as not to infect the child;
slowly collect the prepared things and wait for the ambulance;
keep calm.

A pregnant woman faces various difficulties throughout the entire period of bearing her baby. It is remarkable that many bear a child without serious problems and postpartum complications. However, there is a percentage of women who are not lucky enough to have a certain type of pregnancy pathology. An example of such a pathological condition is the leakage of amniotic fluid, which is dangerous to life and health baby circumstance.

Amniotic fluid, also called amniotic fluid, are a special biological environment for the embryo. Their synthesis occurs in the amniotic membrane of the baby. Filling the cavity of the pregnant uterus, they surround the fetus and play a huge role in ensuring the normal development and growth of the child in the mother's tummy.

By its composition, amniotic fluid is a complex fluid that contains many nutrients and other substances:

proteins;
carbohydrates;
lipids;
vitamins;
enzymatic, hormonal systems;

mineral components;
immunoglobulins;
gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide);
skin lubrication of the fetus;
vellus hair.

The main functions of amniotic fluid

The main functions of amniotic fluid are:

Providing the child with all the necessary nutrients in addition to the main source of nutrition through the placenta and umbilical cord. All the necessary substances are absorbed by the skin of the child, and in the later stages of pregnancy, the baby himself swallows a small amount of amniotic fluid and orally receives some of the nutrients.
Maintaining a constant temperature regime(within 37 degrees), as well as constancy of pressure.
Providing a protective function in relation to the baby - a decrease in the strength of shocks from the outside, softening the vibrations inside the fetal egg.
Protective antibacterial function, mediated by the presence of antibodies in the composition of water.
Ensuring free movement and the movements of the baby in the womb.
Reducing the intensity of sound exposure from the outside.

Thus, amniotic fluid is essential for the baby at any stage of intrauterine development.

How does a normal discharge of amniotic fluid occur?

Normally, with any pregnancy, there comes a moment when the amniotic fluid begins to pour out. It happens in the form two main options.

In the first variant, the fetal membranes, tearing in the center, provide one-time outpouring about 250 ml of amniotic fluid. The tear occurs right near the exit from the uterus. A pregnant woman feels at such a moment a sudden wetness of her underwear and clothes.
In the second option, the rupture of the baby's membranes occurs on their lateral part, that is, above the place of exit from the uterus. This ensures that there is no instantaneous expiration, and also gradual leakage of amniotic fluid in small amounts over a period of time.

As mentioned above, amniotic fluid can be poured out only if the integrity of the amniotic membrane of the fetus is violated. Amniotic fluid leakage is a rather dangerous phenomenon. primarily for the child.

First, in case of untimely rendered medical care it threatens miscarriage or even spontaneous abortion. Secondly, there is a risk from the walls of the uterus, asphyxia of the child.
Thirdly, water leakage can provoke disturbances in the normal birth process, that is, its reduced or increased intensity. A particularly important consequence is the formation of respiratory distress syndrome in a newborn premature baby.

Causes of amniotic fluid leakage

In the normal course of pregnancy, the amniotic fluid will be poured out only at the end of the first birth period, that is, after sufficient opening of the cervical canal. But in some cases, the wife observes the leakage of water in the earlier period of bearing the baby. Thus, the leakage of amniotic fluid is considered to be their early expiration at a time earlier than the course of pregnancy.

The list of etiological factors that can cause leakage of amniotic fluid includes:

The presence of cervical insufficiency, leading to the "protrusion" of the bladder in which the fetus is located, which only increases the risk of infection of the child with an infectious onset.
Infected genitals of the mother, which leads to increased maturation of the cervix and high rates of production of specialized enzymes that can provoke exfoliation of the placenta and softening of the membranes of the fetus.
Small transverse dimensions of the pelvic ring of the expectant mother.
Incorrect position of the baby in the womb.
The presence of the development of several embryos in the uterine cavity (multiple pregnancy).
Abnormal structure of the uterus (uterine septum, congenital shortening of the organ).
Chronic general somatic diseases (anemic syndrome, dystrophic changes in organs and tissues in various manifestations).
Abuse of alcoholic beverages, smoking experience.
Incorrectly planned and illiterately carried out invasive diagnostic methods in the prenatal period.

Symptoms of amniotic fluid leakage

How does amniotic fluid leak? In almost all cases, the symptoms of amniotic fluid leakage appear on the later dates bearing a fetus. In the early stages, the appearance of such signs is also possible, however, their determination is quite difficult due to the small amount of fluid released. There is so little of it that, mixed with the usual vaginal discharge, it will completely go unnoticed by a woman.

In certain cases, a pregnant woman may take the minimal discharge that has occurred for a manifestation of urinary incontinence. In the later stages of pregnancy, leaks will be distinguished by their abundance, and the woman will not confuse them with anything else. Often the amount of discharge increases with the tension of the pelvic muscles or active repositioning.

What does amniotic fluid look like? Amniotic fluid can have a different character. In some cases, it is a colorless transparent liquid, while in others it is reddish, with a brown or green tint, with a pronounced odor, which clearly indicate the presence of pathology from pregnancy.

How to diagnose amniotic fluid leakage

Currently, there are many methods that allow you to accurately determine the presence of excessive discharge of amniotic fluid at the first suspicion of the mother. Specialized amniotic fluid tests using indicator test strips.

One such test for amniotic fluid leakage is Frautest amnio. The essence of its implementation lies in the fact that a pregnant woman wears a special pad on her underwear, which contains a test strip. When you feel the pad getting wet, it is removed, the strip is taken out and placed in the case attached in the set for half an hour. Next, the color of the strip is evaluated: if it turns yellow-green, the test can be considered positive.

The formation of such a color reaction is associated with the determination of the acidity of the discharge of a woman, and to be more precise, amniotic fluid has an alkaline reaction, and ordinary vaginal discharge is acidic. This makes it possible to distinguish them from each other. The main advantage of the “Frautestamnio” amniotic fluid test is its ease of use and highly sensitive reaction to even minimal traces of amniotic fluid in the discharge.

Another kind of test AmniSure ROM is based on the method for determining the alpha-microglobulin protein, which is highly specific for the composition of amniotic fluid. The kit includes a swab, a vial of solvent and a test strip.

After collecting secretions with a swab, it is placed in a test tube for one minute. Next, the test strip is immersed in the same test tube, and the results are read on a clean, light surface from this strip. The presence of two strips indicates the presence of amniotic fluid in the discharge of a pregnant woman.

In addition to quick tests, the following are used: research methods, how:

Collection of a woman's gynecological history, information about pregnancy, examination and instrumental examination.
Taking a smear from the vagina.
(ultrasound).
Carrying out amniocentesis with the introduction of a dye.

All therapeutic measures are aimed at preserving the life and health of the baby. But the tactics of managing patients with full-term and preterm pregnancy differs significantly.

Prevention of leakage of amniotic fluid

Timely detection and treatment of cervical insufficiency.
Timely preserving therapy in relation to the fetus (prevention of spontaneous miscarriage).
Sanitation of chronic foci of infection in a woman's body, including in the genital tract.

A lively discussion consisting of your questions and advice to each other is welcome. Share your own experience and clarify any unclear points on this topic. Your active discussion of the problem of premature leakage of amniotic fluid in pregnancy is coming for the benefit not only of you, but also of all readers.

Pregnancy is a hectic time, full of worries and alarming symptoms. One of the reasons for concern is the fear of not recognizing the leakage of amniotic fluid. Women are often interested in the symptoms and mechanism of this phenomenon: how to distinguish when amniotic fluid flows out, and when the discharge is completely natural and does not require concern. In many cases, such leakage goes unnoticed only because the woman confuses the release of amniotic fluid with intense natural vaginal discharge. Often in practice there are moments when women worry absolutely in vain. The secretions that they mistook for amniotic fluid actually turn out to be natural secretions or urine.

Therefore, it is so important to have at least elementary knowledge in this area and independently distinguish between pathological and normal discharges. The course of further actions already depends on this. If there really is leakage of amniotic fluid - you need to act immediately - call an ambulance, consult a doctor. If the liquid is of a different nature, it is worth making sure of this as soon as possible and not worrying for a single extra minute.

It is necessary to understand that amniotic fluid refers to the fluid that acts as the habitat of the fetus. She provides reliable protection, supplies nutrients, removes decay products, toxins. Also, thanks to this environment, the child is completely safe and protected from the damaging effects of mechanical factors. The fluid contributes to a comfortable position, in which the walls of the uterus do not squeeze the fetus, provides turgor, serves as a shock absorber of movements, and ensures normal and complete formation.

The liquid with fetal membranes has bactericidal properties, which prevents contamination by microorganisms from the external environment.

The reservoir of this fluid is the fetal bladder, the development and formation of which occurs as the child develops. The amount of fluid also increases as the baby develops, up to 1-1.5 liters by the expected date of birth. It is formed by perspiration of maternal blood components through the placental vessels.

ICD-10 code

O42 Premature rupture of membranes

Epidemiology

Despite the fact that such a phenomenon takes place, a lot is said and written about it, it does not occur very often. Leakage occurs in about one in 30,000 cases. There is constant debate among scientists and practitioners as to how much amniotic fluid should be taken as the norm. Doctors agree that the volume is in direct proportion to the gestational age and is approximately 35 ml at the tenth week. By the fourteenth, this volume increases by about 3 times and averages 100 ml. At the twentieth week, this volume is 400 ml. The largest volume of fluid is observed at week 38 - approximately 1000-1500 ml. Immediately before the birth of the baby, these figures decrease and reach about 1000 ml.

The composition of amniotic fluid is quite interesting: approximately 98% of it is formed by water, the rest is substances dissolved in it. In 85 women, water is poured out on time, in 15% it happens prematurely.

Causes of amniotic fluid leakage

The ability to take the right measures is directly proportional to the knowledge of the reasons for which the amniotic fluid leaks. The problem is that determining the exact cause of leakage is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. It is not always possible to identify one specific cause.

Knowing the causes of leaks is essential in order to be able to take the right action. Determining the exact cause of leakage is quite difficult. Especially when the amount of water is negligible. This question is still being researched by scientists from different countries world, and there is still no exact answer. Most researchers identify a number of reasons that can directly or indirectly affect this phenomenon. On average, there are five main reasons.

Most researchers tend to assume that leakage is the result of infectious and inflammatory diseases affecting both external and internal reproductive organs. These processes are closely related to the development of pathogenic microflora. As a result, the placenta and fetal membranes soften. The process may result in severe bleeding, the fetus may undergo hypoxia.

The process can also begin because the fetus is incorrectly presented, and the pelvic region is narrowed. This provokes leakage and is accompanied by a slow opening of the cervix. Also, if there is cervical insufficiency (which occurs in a quarter of pregnant women), the water will leak. The fetal bladder protrudes, becomes highly vulnerable, which significantly increases the risk of developing an infectious process. The amniotic cavity becomes inflamed, inside which the development of pathogenic microflora occurs.

The action of chemical, narcotic, harmful substances, nicotine, pathological lesions of bone tissue, the large size of the fetus, twins entail cervical insufficiency, which can cause leakage.

Often, leakage begins because the woman underwent invasive research methods. The taking of amniotic fluid is especially negative if the woman underwent a biopsy of the chorionic villi.

After sex, intense discharge is observed, often mistakenly confused with amniotic fluid. It must be remembered that natural vaginal discharge is quite intense. After sex, they intensify. In addition to all the liquid, semen is added. In addition, semen contains prostaglandins, which stimulate additional mucus synthesis. Leakage takes place only with the likelihood of miscarriage, excessive tone. During intercourse, excitement occurs, the tone increases. For your own peace of mind, it is better to test.

Risk factors

If a woman has an infectious process in the genital area, she automatically falls into the risk group. Especially if problems arose long before the woman became pregnant. Women in labor with congenital uterine defects and cervical insufficiency require increased attention, as the cervix loses its ability to resist the pressure of a growing baby. With polyhydramnios and multiple pregnancy, part of the fluid may leak.

Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis is based on the pathological condition of the cervix, in which it does not close enough and part of the fluid is poured out. In this position, microorganisms easily penetrate the neck, which cause an inflammatory and infectious process. As a result of vital activity, reproduction of microorganisms, the inflammatory process spreads further, the walls of the uterus become thinner, the fetal membranes also become thin and lose their elasticity. They are unable to fully perform their functions. The process is aggravated, and the fluid begins to be released through the cervix. It can stand out in drops, almost imperceptibly, or abundantly. In later pregnancy, leakage can occur as the pelvic floor muscles relax and fluid outflow becomes uncontrollable.

Symptoms of amniotic fluid leakage

It is quite difficult to detect leakage if a woman is in the early stages. First, the volume of liquid is still small. Secondly, all secretions are intensified, which can confuse a woman, confuse sensations. Amniotic fluid can be recognized by a transparent or greenish tint and the absence of any smell. The discharge is aggravated by lying in a horizontal position. They are spontaneous and cannot be controlled.

In the later stages, it is much easier to detect leakage, more precisely, it cannot be overlooked: there is an abundant separation of liquid, about 0.5 liters. At these stages, the liquid already acquires a slight specific smell, accompanied by contractions. This is a sign of an approaching birth, which usually occurs within the next 3 hours.

First signs

If wet spots appear on the underwear, these are the first signs. At the initial stages, the amount of liquid is insignificant, later - plentiful. If at first the liquid may leak out in small drops and it may not be noticed, then in the later stages the liquid is poured out, it has an unusual smell.

The rate of leakage of amniotic fluid

Normally, the outflow of fluid should occur only when labor has already begun. It shouldn't be there any other time. Water flows out through the genital tract. This should happen no earlier than 38 weeks. 500 ml of liquid is poured at a time. The smell comes out unusual, specific. All this is accompanied by contractions, the strength and intensity gradually increases.

Feelings of leakage of amniotic fluid

There is a feeling of a sharp or gradual flow of fluid from the female genital tract. There are no specific sensations observed. Pain, burning, itching is not felt. With the outflow of fluid immediately before childbirth, contractions immediately follow the outflow, which can be painful.

Leakage of amniotic fluid in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd trimester

The only way out of the situation is an abortion. Until now, in practice, there are no cases of conservation that would be crowned with success. Most attempts ended in severe sepsis of the mother and fetus. Leakage is accompanied by the active spread of pathogenic microflora and the inflammatory process, the walls of the amniotic cavity become thinner and lose their elasticity. In many cases, leakage is the result of a woman's fall. It is also often observed in people who have been subjected to violence.

Up to 20 weeks, leakage is always accompanied by inflammation. At this stage, it is impossible to save the baby. If it was possible to save, the newborn had multiple disorders, often incompatible with life.

Fluid spillage in the second trimester still carries a number of risks and threats to life. Optimal conditions are formed for the penetration of the infection inside, its spread and reproduction. As soon as there are all grounds for making a diagnosis, an ultrasound is prescribed. With the help of ultrasound, they determine how mature the fetus is, determine the degree of its readiness for existence outside the mother's body.

With a sufficient degree of development of the kidneys and respiratory organs, they begin to stimulate labor activity. This is the best option because it saves the life of the child. If the child is not yet mature enough, it is necessary to prolong the pregnancy and wait for the fetus to be ready for birth.

If the amniotic fluid leaks in the third trimester, an ultrasound is performed, which makes it possible to assess the degree of maturity of the fetus. If the fetus is ready to exist outside the uterus, labor is stimulated. With insufficient maturity of the fetus, prolongation of pregnancy is carried out.

Leakage of amniotic fluid at 38, 39, 40 weeks of pregnancy

In any of these periods, you can expect the onset of labor, so if there is an outpouring of fluid, you should wait early delivery. Usually, immediately after the outflow of fluid, contractions and further childbirth begin. If this does not happen, after a while, labor should be stimulated to avoid complications. The baby is ready for birth.

Leakage of amniotic fluid without contractions

Contractions usually start right away. But there are times when contractions long time no.

If a fluid leak occurs, you need to quickly go to the maternity hospital, where you must tell the doctor the exact time when the fluid began to leak.

This is information by which the doctor determines the child's condition and potential threats. In some cases, after the outpouring of contractions does not happen. This period can last up to 72 hours. Usually, if there are no contractions within 12 hours after the outflow of water, stimulation is performed. At the risk of infection, stimulation is carried out after 5-6 hours.

Leakage can be observed both at night and during the day. Usually, wet marks on the sheet indicate nighttime leakage.

stages

There are three stages of amniotic fluid leakage - leakage at an early stage of pregnancy is the most dangerous and often ends in a forced abortion.

Leakage in the middle stage of pregnancy is also dangerous, entailing the risk of infection of the fetus. With sufficient maturity of the baby, childbirth is artificially induced. If the baby is not yet ready for independent existence, prolongation of pregnancy is carried out.

In the third, late stage, leakage is relatively safe. Usually at this time the fetus is already mature and childbirth occurs: natural or artificially induced. If the fetus is immature, the pregnancy is prolonged until maturity.

Forms

Leakage of amniotic fluid can develop within the normal range, and may be pathological. In the first case, such a phenomenon is part of natural childbirth, it occurs at the moment when the first stage of childbirth is nearing its end. In this case, the cervix opens completely or partially. If the leakage is pathological, effusion can occur at absolutely any stage, even in the first trimester. There are 5 main types of leakage: timely, premature, earlier, late and rupture due to high cervical rupture.

Complications and consequences

Leads to unpredictable consequences. They will not be only if the fetus is full-term and is already able to live an independent life, outside the uterus. If the pregnancy is premature, serious consequences and complications can occur, up to intrauterine infection of the fetus and infectious damage to the body. Chorioamnionitis is a common complication. Endometritis also often develops, during which the uterus itself becomes inflamed. The result is the spread of the infectious process throughout the body.

What is dangerous leakage of amniotic fluid?

Leakage is an unsafe process. The danger lies in the fact that only part of the liquid remains, and the rest lose their ability to function normally. The fetus becomes vulnerable, the risk of infection, sepsis increases. As a result, both the fetus and the mother may die.

This is due to the violation of the natural barrier, which protects the fetus from infection, mechanical damage. Various microorganisms can penetrate through this barrier: viruses, bacteria, fungi. It is possible to compress the umbilical cord, as a result of which normal metabolism is disturbed. The conditions under which free movement and full development of the fetus are possible are violated. The synthesis of the necessary components, tightness and sterility are violated.

Diagnosis of amniotic fluid leakage

Diagnosis can be carried out independently, or at a medical consultation. Assess the nature of the secretions that remain on the sheet, underwear. Commercial test systems are on sale. For example, special pads, express tests, the action of which is based on the difference in pH. Amniotic fluid is characterized by the highest acidity. The system contains an indicator that reacts to the liquid that falls on it. In this case, the hue of the indicator and the medium change.

At the doctor's appointment, special laboratory and instrumental methods of research are available.

How to determine the leakage of amniotic fluid at home?

You should resort to the help of a small test. Need to bladder was empty. The perineum should be clean and not wet. The bed must be laid white cloth. You should lie on it, lie quietly, without moving, for about an hour. After that, you can get up. If there are no discharges, you don't have to worry.

Express tests for amniotic fluid leakage

Most of the tests are easy to use, absolutely not complicated. Their principle of operation is to determine the level of acidity. The indicator interacts with various media, resulting in chemical reactions. Initially, the tests are yellow. When the indicator is exposed to natural vaginal discharge, pH 4.5, no reaction occurs. Because it initially corresponds to this level of acidity. The reaction occurs when other liquids enter, then a color change occurs.

For example, urine has a pH of 5.5, which corresponds to a greenish-blue tint. The amniotic fluid has the highest acidity, pH = 7. When they hit the indicator, it turns into an intense blue-green color.

Amniotic fluid leak test strips

A method that makes it possible to clarify the nature of the discharge. The appearance of two strips indicates the presence of leakage, one strip indicates that the secreted fluid is not amniotic. If there are no strips, the test is not suitable, or it was performed incorrectly. The procedure must be repeated.

Amniotic fluid leak test

Instructions for the amniotic fluid leak test

Specialists and manufacturers have developed a special step-by-step instruction. You need to prepare the test, print the package, read the instructions. The test contains a special test tube with a solvent.

It is necessary to conduct a sampling of biological material to be examined. To do this, you need to take a swab and make a smear yourself, collecting vaginal discharge on it. After that, the swab is placed in a test tube with a solvent and a further reaction is observed. The first reaction occurs within 1 minute. If amniotic fluid is excreted, it contains placental immunoglobulin. It is he who reacts with the solvent.

After that, a special indicator, presented in the kit in the form of a strip, must be placed in the test tube. The result will be known after 5-10 minutes. In the presence of amniotic fluid, a blue-green color will appear.

Amnishur test for the determination of amniotic fluid leakage

Testing should be carried out in accordance with the standard instructions for using such systems. The reaction is manifested by a change in color if placental microglobulin is present in the smear. The main reaction takes place in the test tube between the reagent, the swab with the swab and the indicator.

The method is absolutely reliable and effective, it is used both in home practice and in professional practice to detect the outflow of amniotic fluid. The advantage of the test is that it reacts even to minimal amounts of liquid, which makes it possible to detect pathology long before the first visible signs appear.

Gaskets for leakage of amniotic fluid

Today you can buy special gaskets that make it possible to determine the cause of leaks. Outwardly, the pads are the same as ordinary sanitary pads, the difference is that they include an indicator that reacts even to a slight release of amniotic fluid. The test is surprisingly simple: the pad is attached to the underwear and left for the whole day. Then check its condition. If there is leakage of amniotic fluid, the pad changes color, becoming blue-blue. If it is any other selection, there is no change in color.

Frautest for leakage of amniotic fluid

The test, which is produced by the FRAUTEST company, whose products are used in professional obstetric practice and are recognized by experts around the world. The test is issued in the form of gaskets, which include an indicator. For the ingress of amniotic fluid, a change in the color of the test system is characteristic. The test takes 12 hours.

Grandma's method for determining the leakage of amniotic fluid

Analysis for amniotic fluid leakage

Sometimes it can be difficult to make a correct diagnosis. Difficulties arise even when the inspection is carried out by a professional. Therefore, analysis is the basis of diagnostics, which allows you to get absolutely accurate results. Even instrumental diagnostics does not give accurate results.

Color of amniotic fluid when leaking

Color is an important diagnostic feature by which the doctor determines a lot. Normal amniotic fluid is clear. Turbidity and a different color indicates various pathologies. With the appearance of a yellow tint and slight turbidity, you can also not worry, since such a picture is considered as a variant of the norm.

If a reddish tint and slight inclusions appear against the background of yellow waters, the process is accompanied by contractions - we can safely say: childbirth has begun.

The green color of the water is a negative sign, the fetus is seriously damaged. Talks about defecation in the womb, deficiency, the likelihood of developing intrauterine pneumonia. Possible hypoxia.

The appearance of a dark brown hue is a catastrophic situation. In 99% indicates intrauterine fetal death. There is an urgent need to save the mother's life urgently. However, at present, this pathology is quite rare, since women regularly visit a doctor and such a pathology can be noticed in a timely manner.

The appearance of a red color, which indicates the discovery of bleeding.

Smear for leakage of amniotic fluid

For analysis, you need to take an ordinary smear from the vaginal environment and apply it to a glass slide. If, upon drying, the smear forms a structure resembling a fern leaf, or a maple leaf, it is amniotic fluid.

Instrumental diagnostics

It is preferable to focus on the results of the analyzes, since instrumental diagnostics is uninformative.

Ultrasound to detect amniotic fluid leakage

Perform an ultrasound. This study makes it possible to indirectly confirm the diagnosis. According to the results of ultrasound, a diagnosis is made: oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios, does not directly indicate leakage.

Differential Diagnosis

A differentiated diagnosis is carried out, during which amniotic fluid, urine or ordinary vaginal discharge are differentiated. Laboratory diagnostics prevails over the instrumental.

The smell of amniotic fluid when leaking

Amniotic fluid is odorless. In late pregnancy, they may have a slight specific odor.

How to distinguish leakage of amniotic fluid from discharge?

You can distinguish between these two types of secretions in appearance. The waters are clear and slightly cloudy. Vaginal discharge is thicker and slimy, has a different shade, often white or yellowish.

Amniotic fluid leakage or urinary incontinence

Amniotic fluid leaks constantly and cannot be controlled by muscle effort. Urine has a yellow tint and the smell of urine, which cannot be said about amniotic odes. They are usually colorless and odorless. With pathology, amniotic fluid acquires green, brown, red and other shades.

Cervix with leakage of amniotic fluid

The cervix opens directly during childbirth. Leakage does not depend on the state of the cervix, but is determined by the state of the fetal bladder. Most often, leaks are observed with a closed cervix, but sometimes it is also open.

Treatment of amniotic fluid leakage

Treatment for leakage of amniotic fluid is not carried out. The doctor determines the likelihood of infection and, in accordance with this, takes further actions: prolongs the pregnancy or stimulates labor activity. Sometimes antibiotic therapy may be used to prevent infection. Also used funds aimed at relaxing muscles, uterus, restorative agents, vitamins.

What to do with leakage of amniotic fluid?

If you find leakage of amniotic fluid, you should immediately call an ambulance or consult a doctor. It is important to remain calm and not panic. If hospitalization is offered, in no case should you refuse. Only with the constant supervision of doctors and proper treatment further development of the pathology can be prevented.

How to stop the leakage of amniotic fluid?

It is impossible to stop the leakage of amniotic fluid. You can only consult a doctor in a timely manner and take the necessary measures to prevent infection and maintain pregnancy.

Medications

Any medicines must be taken strictly on the recommendation of a doctor, preferably with inpatient treatment. Means that regulate the tone of the uterus are extremely dangerous, have many side effects. Many of them are taken under strict control of blood pressure, pulse, electrocardiogram indicators.

In order to ensure the prolongation of pregnancy, ginipral is taken, which reduces the excessive tone of the uterus. It contracts less frequently and less intensely. The active substance is hexoprenaline sulfate. Tablets contain 500 mg of active ingredient. Tablets are taken first, 1 pc. every 3 hours, then every 4-6 hours. The daily dose is 4-8 tablets. Taking pills should be accompanied by constant monitoring of the work of the heart of the mother and fetus. With a heart rate of more than 130 beats / min, the dosage is reduced. The drug has numerous side effects both for mother and baby. Up to cardiac and respiratory failure, hypoxia. In newborns, anemia, acidosis, and hypoglycemia are possible.

Salbupart is a drug in which the contractile activity of the uterus is significantly reduced. The drug is administered intravenously. One ampoule is mixed with 500 ml of saline and infused at a rate of 5 drops per minute.

Brikanil - relieves spasm, hypertonicity, provides muscle relaxation. Applied with the threat of spontaneous miscarriage, cervical insufficiency. The drug is prescribed 2.5 - 5 mg 3 times a day (1-2 tablets).

Partusisten is a drug that is prescribed to relax smooth muscles. Enter intravenously. The optimal dosage is individual, varies widely from 0.5 to 3.0 mcg / min. During the infusion, 2 ampoules of the drug (10 ml) are added to a 230 ml saline solution.

Utrozhestan and leakage of amniotic fluid

The secretions formed when the suppository melts are often confused with the leakage of amniotic fluid. To get an accurate answer, it is better to test for amniotic fluid leakage.

vitamins

A pregnant woman, both in the normal course of pregnancy and in pathology, needs vitamins. It is recommended to take vitamins in the following daily concentration:

vitamin H - 150 mcg
vitamin C - 1000 mg
vitamin D - 45 mg
vitamin K - 360 mcg.

Physiotherapy treatment

When carrying out the prolongation of pregnancy, some physiotherapeutic procedures can be used, for example, exposure to ultrasound. Physiotherapy is used to relax smooth muscles (electric procedures), to eliminate and prevent further spread of the inflammatory and infectious process. Electrophoresis is also often used, which ensures deep penetration of drugs into organs.

Alternative treatment

When referring to folk remedies for the treatment of leakage of amniotic fluid, it is better to first consult a doctor. Folk remedies effective and safe when used correctly, as well as as part of complex therapy.

One of effective means, contributing to the relaxation of the muscles of the uterus, are therapeutic baths. Baths are carried out at home. The duration of the bath is 15-20 minutes, the frequency of admission is 3-4 times a week. A bath with coniferous extract has proven itself well. To prepare a bath, a decoction of pine needles is made separately, about 2-3 liters. Then fill the bath, make a comfortable temperature and pour in the extract of the needles. If desired, you can add a few branches of needles, cones. After taking a bath, do not immediately wipe yourself off, wait 3-5 minutes until the moisture is absorbed by the skin.

Therapeutic rubdowns have a positive effect. For this, salt concentrate is used. About 1 teaspoon of salt is dissolved in a glass of water. Make water at room temperature, wipe the body with the resulting solution. The duration of rubdowns is 5-10 minutes. You can not immediately wipe yourself, you should wait until all the moisture is absorbed. Salt helps to eliminate toxins, excess fluid. Blood pressure decreases, metabolic processes normalize.

Oriental incense in combination with relaxing, meditative music has a long relaxing effect. It is recommended to light candles and incense sticks. Place around the room. Turn on calm, relaxing music. Lie down in the center of the circle, close your eyes and try to relax as much as possible. It is necessary to feel every cell of the body, to feel how they relax, become light and motionless. At the same time, all thoughts and worries should be released. Just enjoy the aromas and music without doing anything and without thinking about anything. Moving is also not recommended. You need to listen to your heartbeat, breathing, try to feel the movements of the baby. The duration of this procedure is at least 30 minutes. Conducted daily for at least 1 month.

Herbal treatment

When treating with herbs, it is necessary to carefully study their properties. It is better to first consult with a doctor who will help you accurately and correctly select the necessary remedy, dosage and correctly include it in complex therapy.

Grass blue cornflower helps to relax, reduce the tone of the uterus. To prepare a decoction, about 5 grams of herbs are poured into a glass of boiling water and drunk throughout the day.

Chamomile herb has an anti-inflammatory effect. To prepare a decoction, approximately 15-20 grams of herbs are poured with 2-3 cups of boiling water and drunk throughout the day. You can also include chamomile in your tea by simply adding a few tablespoons of the herb to your teapot.

Useful decoction of nettle and stevia. Herbs are taken in equal proportions, mixed with each other. To prepare a decoction, you need to take 30-40 grams of grass, pour 1-2 cups of boiling water. Drink as tea throughout the day. You can add sugar or honey to taste.

Homeopathy

Homeopathic remedies, contrary to popular belief, are not safe. They can have numerous side effects. Some homeopathic remedies may have an abortive effect. Therefore, it is important to take precautions. First of all, you need to consult a doctor for advice, and only after that take any funds.

Nutrient Blend

A mixture is prepared from an equal amount of dried apricots, raisins, prunes, figs. These substances are ground through a meat grinder, add 25 pieces of finely chopped walnut. Fill the resulting mixture with honey. Insist 3-4 days, use 1 tablespoon 1-2 times a day. It has an immunostimulating effect, relieves fatigue, weakness. Increases the efficiency and endurance of the body.

Rosehip decoction

Rosehip broth is drunk in its pure form, or added to taste in tea. Helps eliminate edema, remove excess fluid from the body. Saturates the body with vitamins and nutrients.

Mix "Healing"

To prepare the mixture, take about 200 g of juicy aloe leaves. Approximately 250 grams of honey and 400 grams of grape wine are added. Insist 7 days in a dark place. Drink 1 teaspoon 3 times a day. Helps to reduce the outflow of fluid, stabilize the state of the body, normalize metabolism.

Remedy for fatigue and excessive fluid secretion

It is recommended to take powder from the dried fruits of lemongrass, 0.5 grams per day, pouring honey on top. The course of treatment is 30 days. Increases efficiency, improves well-being, eliminates swelling and excessive discharge of their female genital tract.

Surgery

If delivery is necessary, and it is impossible to carry out childbirth through natural routes, a caesarean section is performed. If labor has already begun, no outflow of water is noted, an amniotomy is performed, in which the fetal bladder is pierced, as a result of which the fluid is poured out.

Prevention

If a woman is exposed to risk factors, she can be placed in conservation, where careful monitoring and monitoring of the main indicators of the mother and fetus is carried out. If a pathology is suspected, preventive measures are taken to prevent the further development of the pathology. If a woman has cervical insufficiency, the cervix is sutured and an obstetric pessary is inserted. Special care, adherence to the daily regimen, proper nutrition, listening to the doctor's recommendations are the main preventive measures.

Forecast

If the pregnancy is full-term and the baby is ready for independent existence outside the uterus, the prognosis is favorable. Then labor is stimulated, or caesarean section. With the immaturity of the respiratory system of the fetus and its unpreparedness for independent existence, prolongation of pregnancy, expectant therapy is carried out. The forecast can be both positive and negative. Infection, sepsis may develop, which increases the risk of death of both the mother and the fetus.

If amniotic fluid leakage occurs at the very beginning of pregnancy, the prognosis is poor. An abortion is required, it is impossible to save the child, there is a threat to survival. Otherwise, the closer to childbirth leakage begins, the more favorable the prognosis.

For a number of reasons, the integrity of the membranes can be broken and the water begins to leak long before the expected date of birth.

With the discharge of amniotic fluid in the early stages (up to 37 weeks), there is a high risk of abortion. Depending on the duration and severity of the condition, either childbirth occurs and the child is placed in a special chamber for premature babies, or the pregnant woman is placed in a hospital “for preservation” until a date acceptable for normal delivery.

Water or mucus plug?

When the due date is approaching, at some point a woman may notice the appearance of discharge that was not characteristic of her before. How to understand if the water has broken in a pregnant woman or is it just a mucous plug? Mucus plug, which is formed in pregnant women in the cervix, departs, as a rule, 1-5 days before childbirth. It has a rather intense color (from beige to brown), sometimes with streaks of blood. Its volume is quite small - 1-2 tablespoons. Moreover, it comes out, as a rule, not entirely, but gradually over several days. Water looks different - it is a liquid, ideally transparent. If it is the discharge of water that begins, after the rupture of the amniotic sac, they will leak constantly. When coughing or squatting, leakage will increase.

Pouring of amniotic fluid before childbirth

The onset of labor can be marked by two signs - contractions or the outflow of amniotic fluid. In this case, both events can occur simultaneously or one will precede the other. The waters break even before the start of labor after 38 weeks, most often in multiparous women. In the first birth - it is rather rare. If the waters suddenly receded, then childbirth will begin in the near future, and the woman needs to go to the maternity hospital.

It is worth paying close attention to the type of these secretions, since the doctor must necessarily assess the condition of the amniotic fluid. Ideally the water will be clear, perhaps slightly pinkish or yellowish, without any odor. Green or Brown color water testifies to the ingress of meconium (original feces) into them. Bloody water may be a sign of placental abruption.

If the waters are clear, and the contractions have not yet begun or they are weak, the woman in labor can independently get to the place of birth. And in the car, it will be safer for her to lie on her side in the back seat to reduce the risk of the umbilical cord falling out.

If the condition of the waters is of concern, it will be safer to call an ambulance so that you can be under the supervision of a team of professionals on the way to the hospital.

It is important to remember that earlier discharge of water is potentially dangerous for the baby, as there is a risk of infection. Therefore, after a rupture of the bladder, you should not try to independently carry out any hygienic prenatal procedures (shaving, enema), but rather, without wasting time, go to the hospital.

Outpouring of water during childbirth

In most cases, amniotic fluid is shed during the first stage of labor, when contractions become regular and severe, and the cervix is already four or more centimeters dilated. At the peak of one of the contractions, the fetal bladder stretches and bursts. It happens naturally and is completely painless. At the same time, water can literally gush in a stream (if the bubble burst right above the opening of the cervix) or leak a little (if the gap is high above the cervix or it is still a little open).

After the outflow of water, labor activity intensifies, contractions can become more intense and painful. From this point of view, it is easier for a woman in labor to endure the onset of labor while the bladder is still intact.

After the outflow of amniotic fluid, the countdown begins until the baby is born - in our country, it is believed that natural childbirth should occur within 12 hours of the “waterless period”. If they do not occur, the doctor considers stimulation or surgery. caesarean section to avoid infection of the fetus.