Creative education of children. Artistic and aesthetic education of preschool children

Advice for parents

"How to educate a creative person?"

Probably, any parent would like to raise their child a creative person. What is creativity? Creativity is a process of activity that creates qualitatively new material or spiritual values. The main criterion that distinguishes creativity is the uniqueness of its result. A person can be called creative if he has a well-developed imagination and fantasy, he is capable of inventing, finding non-standard solutions in various situations.
Imagination is the highest mental function inherent only to a person, which allows you to create new images by processing previous experience. It can be recreative - when the image of an object is created according to its description, and creative - when completely new images are born.
Creativity is the ability to be creative, the willingness to create fundamentally new ideas that deviate from traditional or accepted patterns of thinking.

Creativity is inherent in a child from birth and develops as he grows up. The natural giftedness of the child manifests itself quite early, but the extent to which his creative potential develops largely depends on the family. The family is able to develop or ruin the creative abilities of the child. Therefore, the formation of a creative personality is one of the most important tasks of education.
Speaking about the formation of abilities, it is necessary to dwell on the question of at what age children's creative abilities should be developed. Psychologists call various terms from one and a half to five years. There is also a hypothesis that it is necessary to develop creative abilities from a very early age.
Preschool childhood is the most favorable period for the development of creative abilities because at this age children are extremely inquisitive, they have a great desire to learn the world. And parents, encouraging curiosity, informing children of knowledge, involving them in different kinds activities, contribute to the expansion childhood experience. And the accumulation of experience and knowledge is a necessary prerequisite for the future creative activity. In addition, the thinking of preschoolers is more free than that of older children. It is more independent and not yet crushed by stereotypes. From all of the above, we can conclude that preschool age provides excellent opportunities for developing creative abilities. And the creative potential of an adult will largely depend on how these opportunities were used.

Creative activity is very interesting for a preschooler, because it satisfies his desire to act and act productively, as well as the need to reflect the impressions received from the surrounding life, to express his attitude to what he saw and experienced. The kid is happy that he can create an image with his own hands.
Experts distinguish three groups of means of aesthetic education: art, the surrounding reality (including nature) and artistic and creative activities. All these areas are interconnected, and thanks to this, the child is actively involved in the creative experience of people. Only an adult can effectively guide the artistic activities of children and the development of their abilities. At the same time, they themselves mental processes develop in artistic and creative activity, raising it to new level. Ideas about objects and phenomena are formed on the basis of perception. Therefore, the most important condition for the development of a child's creativity is the development of perception (visual, auditory, tactile, kinesthetic, tactile), the formation of a diverse sensory experience.
The peculiarities of a child's perception are determined not only by the state of the sense organs, but also by the sensory experience that he acquired in early childhood. Indeed, practice and research show that the sooner you begin to develop the sensations and perceptions of the baby, the more diverse and complete will be his sensory experience by the time he begins to draw, sculpt. For the development of figurative representations and figurative thinking, such types of creative activity as pictorial and constructive are of great importance. It is obvious that, on the one hand, for the successful implementation of visual activity, it is necessary to develop figurative ideas and thinking, on the other hand, visual activity plays a huge role in the formation of this kind of ideas and thinking. Imagination is closely connected with figurative thinking, both of these processes are based on the aesthetic perception of the world. Without them, it is impossible to carry out artistic and creative activity. Any kind of creativity is based on a good level of development of perception, ideas, figurative thinking, imagination. Consequently, the formation of these processes will serve the development of creative abilities. Of course, that the game and artistic activity represent the greatest opportunities for this.

Creativity is an amalgamation of many qualities. The components of creativity are:
1. Speed - the ability to express the maximum number of ideas.
2. Flexibility - the ability to express a wide variety of ideas.
3. Originality - the ability to generate new non-standard ideas (this can manifest itself in answers, decisions that do not coincide with generally accepted ones).
4. Completeness - the ability to improve your "product" or give it a finished look.

How to develop creativity in a child? To begin with, let's look at the most common mistakes that parents make when trying to develop their child's creative abilities.
1. The first and most common mistake is trying to follow a pattern. A huge number of so-called "creativity kits" are sold in stores, where a child is invited to create a craft using a ready-made stencil. Parents willingly buy these sets, not thinking that they are aimed at developing diligence, perseverance and accuracy, and not at all at developing creative potential. The main criterion that distinguishes creativity from manufacturing is the uniqueness of its result. Therefore, stencils have nothing to do with children's creativity.
In this regard, games and toys that do not leave room for the child's imagination should be avoided - for example, mosaics and designers, where it is necessary to fold figures and patterns according to the pattern, or coloring books that already contain colored pictures for example.
2. The second mistake is the prohibition of parents on the baby's attempts to create. We are afraid of dirty clothes, dirty floors, walls, extra washing and cleaning. Most easy way avoid unnecessary hassle - make your workshop a bathroom. Because space restrictions will prevent the child from getting real pleasure from drawing, sculpting, etc.
3. The third mistake - you can not do something for the child, if he can do it himself. You can't think for him when he can think of it himself. Unfortunately, hinting is a common way for parents to "help" children, but it only hurts the cause.
4. The fourth mistake - parents are in no hurry to get involved in the creative process of children. But for children, it is parents who are an example to follow! Don't be afraid to try.

1. One of the most important factors in the creative development of children is the creation of conditions conducive to the formation of their creative abilities. Parents need to make the process of life and activity of children creative, put children in situations of cognitive, artistic and moral creativity. It is necessary to organize an interesting and meaningful life of the child, enrich him with vivid impressions, provide emotional and intellectual experience, which will serve as the basis for the emergence of ideas and will be the material necessary for the work of the imagination.
2. Success in raising a creative personality depends on the atmosphere that prevails in your home, on the relationship that has developed between parents and a child. It has long been known that a comfortable psychological environment is necessary for creativity, so maintain an atmosphere of warmth, trust and creativity at home. Take care of the process and the result of children's activities. It is important to constantly stimulate the child to be creative, to encourage his successes and show sympathy for failures, to be patient even with the strangest ideas. It is necessary to exclude comments and condemnations from everyday life. A child deprived of a positive outlet for creative energy can go into aggressive behavior.
3. Encouraging the creativity of the child, you need to remember that he sees a lot in his own way, perceives the world differently than we do. Therefore, when teaching a child, avoid stereotypes. Start from the makings of your child. After all, the main thing is not the education of talent or genius, but how diverse his inner world will be, whether his creative abilities are realized.
4. Give the child freedom in choosing activities, in ways and methods of action, do not prevent him from expressing himself freely. Watch the child. What does he like to do the most? Sing? Dance? Paint? Sculpt? Copy someone's facial expressions or behavior? Let your house always have plasticine, paints, old magazines, colored paper, jars and boxes. Then the desire of the child, his interest in creativity and emotional upsurge will serve as a guarantee that this business will benefit him.
5. Support the child's creative initiative through the respectful attitude of all family members to his drawings, crafts, and the first attempts to compose something. At preschool age, most children do not hesitate to dance, sing, show others their drawings. The personality of the child is not yet notorious, he feels enough strength and desire to try everything, to participate in different types creative activity.
6. Raising the creative abilities of children will be effective only if it is a purposeful process. There is a lot of debate about what and how to teach children, but the fact that it is necessary to teach is beyond doubt. If you choose the appropriate teaching methods, then children, without losing the originality of creativity, create works of a higher level than their untrained peers. Enroll your child in a children's circle or studio, a music school and an art school so that he can develop and improve his creative abilities.
7. Get actively involved in the process and create with your child. Let the kid gush with ideas, your task is not to interfere, but to help him. Children, unlike adults, have a fresh outlook on things. Any, the most nondescript detail, they can turn into a magical character. Let your child teach you how to create, and then he will carry his creativity and lack of stereotypes through his whole life. And in the future you will be proud of your talented child.
It is very useful to make toys together with the child, often a doll sewn together with the baby will be much more interesting to him than the most beautiful purchased one. You can also hold joint games, where parents and the child will come up with a plot and characters together, and then portray them. Any homework can be a great help for the game, and any object can turn into a fairy-tale hero.
8. The design of the apartment and its interior also affect the creative abilities of the child. It’s good if there are paintings, decorations, decorative things on the walls that you can touch with your hands. Decorate the apartment with your kid's drawings, but don't forget to change them from time to time so that the child has a desire to draw more and more, so that he will see that you appreciate his efforts.
9. Read fairy tales to your child. The role of a fairy tale for the development of a child's imagination is invaluable. It is a fairy tale that will teach him to find a way out of a hopeless situation, to invent something new, because everything is possible in a fairy tale. There is only one step from reading a fairy tale to a new hobby - writing your own fairy tales and stories. It will open the way for your child to be creative.
10. Give your child a room or a separate area for games and toys. Games in childhood occupy most of the time of children. A game for a child is not a waste of time, but a source of new information. This is the way children learn about the world around them. In games, training and development of all cognitive processes take place, children's talent develops.
Many parents note that often kids do not use specially purchased toys for games, but substitute items - various caps and sticks, rags and bottles, leaves and boxes. A child can use any object within reach for his games, and strange as it sounds, the fewer toys he has, the more his imagination develops.
11. Do not be afraid to get dirty or dirty something in the house (cover a white sofa, remove the vases higher). About what creative development we can talk if the baby is constantly in the restricted area: “Do not touch! Do not run! Do not take!". Do not forbid the child to create and do not punish him for creative experiments! Set certain boundaries for his creativity. For example, you can’t draw on the walls, but you can draw on whatman paper attached to the wall.
12. Never impose your opinion on a child! You can suggest, submit an idea, but do not insist on it, this may reduce the child's initiative.
The main thing in the process of educating a creative personality is to give the child the opportunity to realize his ability to be creative!

The craving for beauty is inherent in people from birth. Even the youngest children easily notice the beauty around them: be it beautiful flower a song heard somewhere. As they grow up, children strive not only to see the beauty around them, but also to take part in its creation - to fashion something from plasticine, sing a song, draw a toy they like. Maybe write your first poem. Everything that surrounds preschoolers in the future will give rise to certain thoughts and feelings within them. To streamline this process allows artistic and aesthetic education, carried out both in preschool educational institutions as well as by the parents themselves.

The role of aesthetic education - quote

What is aesthetic education?

The aesthetic education of preschoolers is most often understood as one of the areas modern pedagogy designed to form in a person the ability to see and understand the beautiful, its role, value and significance in life. Artistic and aesthetic education begins from a very early age and continues throughout the life path, undergoing some changes (for example, a change in goals, objectives, methods of organization, etc.).

"Aesthetics" is a fairly broad category, covering many aspects and aspects of human life.

Methods of aesthetic education are very diverse.

Successful artistic and aesthetic education allows the child to develop successfully and harmoniously, improving artistic taste in literature, music, painting and other arts; culture of behavior appearance etc. Since aesthetics equally affects the concept of beauty in form and content, in the inner world of a person and his social life, the tasks of aesthetic education are large-scale and multifaceted. The child acquires the skills of perceiving beauty, evaluating (in the early stages), and subsequently learns to create products that have one or another aesthetic value.

To form in the mind of the child the concept of beauty is the fundamental task of artistic and aesthetic education.

Moreover, it should be clarified that in this case the category “beautiful” should be somewhat delimited from “beautiful”. If the concept of beauty has changed over time and was used to characterize the form, then the beautiful affects the content and remains unchanged even after the lapse of centuries. "Beautiful" is a global category, which initially includes humanism, perfection, and spirituality.

Children have access to all means of aesthetic education

The goals of artistic education

Formation in the child of a complex aesthetic culture.
The ability of preschoolers to notice various manifestations of beauty in the world around them.
The ability to give an emotional assessment of the beautiful.
Formation of the need for sensation, contemplation, appreciation of the beautiful.
Formation of skills and needs in the creation of beauty.
The formation of artistic taste, manifested in the ability to compare and correlate phenomena and objects of the surrounding reality with accepted aesthetic ideals.
The presence of a clear idea of the beautiful in all its manifestations, formed ideals.

Tasks of artistic education

When discussing the artistic education of a child, it is necessary to single out both general goals and less ambitious, but significant tasks in it:

Education of a comprehensively developed harmonious personality.
The development of the ability to see beauty and understand its value.
Development of the need to improve their creative abilities and skills.

The main tasks of aesthetic education

Means of artistic and aesthetic education

Fine arts (drawing, modeling, application).
Dramaturgy (theatrical productions).
Literature.
Mass media (Television, Internet, newspapers, magazines).
Music.
Nature.

The development of artistic abilities is one of the methods of aesthetic education

The most important methods of artistic and aesthetic education and development of preschoolers:

Participation in circle activities (studios, circles, etc.).
Visiting preschool educational institutions.
Visiting thematic exhibitions, excursions.
Personal example.

The role of the family in artistic and aesthetic education

No matter how important a role in a child's life Kindergarten and all kinds of circles and studios, the most significant role in shaping his artistic taste and ideas about beauty will be played by his family. It is the parents and their contribution to the upbringing of the child that will play a decisive role in the development of his personality in the future.

Only parents can help a child start music lessons

What should be paid attention to in the first place and what forms of organization and conduct of aesthetic education of preschoolers will be more effective?

Personal example. Who is the first moral and aesthetic ideal in the life of any person? Definitely his parents. It is their behavior and habits that the child will unconsciously copy the first years of life, and it is they who will subsequently develop into established and strengthened forms of behavior. Therefore, any parent who wants to raise a well-mannered and cultured child should be primarily interested in self-development and self-education.

The manners of behavior accepted in the family, the forms of interaction with others, the criteria by which the beautiful is separated from the ugly, the permissible from the unacceptable - all this will subsequently be adopted by the child. And on these foundations his worldview, his view of the world, etc. will be built.

Children's book - one of the means of aesthetic education

The correct aesthetic education of preschool children in the family and its methods are based on many basic components of its organization:

The culture of appearance is expressed in the observance of body culture, the rules of elementary hygiene, in the ability to choose an outfit in accordance with the requirements of the environment, the ability to create a common aesthetically consistent composition of clothing and accessories.
Culture of emotions; the ability to sincerely show one's condition, without going over the boundaries of what is permitted.
Reasonable discipline; the presence of mandatory regime moments.
General artistic taste. The child should be able to see around him works of art used to decorate everyday life: these can be paintings, works of arts and crafts, etc.
Aesthetics of life. The possibility of aesthetic design of the surrounding space of the house helps the child take his home for granted and appreciate it. It is with this that the upbringing of respect for one's home, the ability to maintain cleanliness and order in it begins.
Culture of communication. The opportunity to conduct confidential conversations with the child on relevant and exciting topics. Formation of the child's idea of subordination and distance in communication.
The force that awakens the artistic taste of the child is also nature, which embodies the harmony and beauty of the world. Walking on fresh air, accompanied by adult stories about the world around him, will teach him to see beauty in it. And later - use it as a source of inspiration for creative creative activity.
The holidays they love so much can also use the creative skills of the child. Parents can involve the child by connecting him to the preparation for the holiday. Invite him to come up with, draw, and later bring to life original design premises, playground. Thanks to this, the child gets the opportunity not only to develop and discover his talents, but also to share his first discoveries with other children.

culture of life -an important factor in cultivating a sense of beauty

The role of gaming activity in the artistic and aesthetic education of a preschooler

Keeping in mind that play still plays a fundamental role in preschool age, parents can effectively use it for the aesthetic development of their child. Among the games that serve for the aesthetic education of the child are the methods of organization:

Modeling game situations requiring the search for unusual, non-standard solutions.
View episodes and fragments from films or performances.
Collective writing of stories and fairy tales.
poetry recitation, expressive reading excerpts from works of art.

Recitation of poems - one of the means of aesthetic education

The role of creative activities in the artistic and aesthetic education of preschoolers

Despite the importance of the theoretical aspects of artistic and aesthetic education, it should be noted that without practice the result will be minimal. It is difficult to form a love for art in the mind of a child without offering him the opportunity to get in touch with it and even try himself in this matter.

That is why one of the most important components of the artistic education of a child is creative activities that are easy to organize at home.

For effective musical education, a child can be assigned to a music school, where they can instill in him the skills of playing a musical instrument that is interesting to him. However, if a child does not have an ear for music and other inclinations, it is still not worth worrying about his musical taste. From an early age, introducing the child to music - starting from elementary nursery rhymes, jokes and lullabies, parents teach the child to appreciate art in all its manifestations, develop a need for beauty and craving for it.

Application - a way to develop a sense of beauty and at the same time - hand motility

For the effective development of craving for creativity, drawing is also great. It is very desirable that from an early age the child could master various painting techniques with the help of pencils, felt-tip pens, paints (watercolor and gouache) allows the child to get acquainted with the world around him, note its signs and properties, distinguish between form and content.

Drawing also plays an invaluable therapeutic role, allowing the child to receive a huge charge of positive emotions and genuine happiness.

Reading also plays an important role in artistic education. You can start with the simplest children's poems, fairy tales. Regular reading aloud and other similar methods not only enriches the child's vocabulary and takes his speech culture to a new level. But it also develops it morally: it teaches to evaluate the actions of heroes from the point of view of morality, to distinguish positive heroes from negative ones, to make a choice in favor of one or another decision. Reading books also teaches the child to use speech effectively to express their emotions and needs.

Reading books is a way to draw attention to literature

In order for creative classes to develop the artistic and aesthetic ideas of the child, it is necessary to conduct them taking into account the following patterns:

Giving your child maximum independence. By focusing on finding their own solution, rather than following a pattern, the child will make much more effort in order to get the final result of creativity. This will significantly increase in his eyes the value of the finished drawing, sculpted figurine, etc.
The child's creativity should reflect not only the objective properties and characteristics of the objects of the surrounding world, but also include an emotional component. Namely, his impressions, thoughts, feelings associated with them.
The environment in which the lesson will be held should maximally have the child relax and be liberated.
A very important role in the creative process is played by the support and praise from parents. Criticism and censure should be kept to a minimum.
It is better to replace direct instructions and instructions with tactful hints and small tips. Do not forget that the parent should instruct the child, but not give him harsh instructions and instructions.
At the disposal of the child should be the maximum available means of artistic expression. Workplace should be well lit and comfortable: not only physical, but also psychological comfort in class depends on this.

The tasks of artistic and aesthetic education must be formulated in accordance with the age of the child and adjusted as he grows up.

The concept of beauty through the study of nature

Conclusion

The ability to see and appreciate the beauty around you is not an innate quality, but a skill that is formed through orderly and systematic work.

The formation of artistic taste begins from the very birth of a child, unobtrusively and easily if the environment in which he is located is culturally rich and various types of creativity are available to the child.

Using the methods of aesthetic education of younger and older preschoolers, you can help your child see the world in a truly bright and unforgettable way.

Most clearly, the inner world of the child, the features of his thinking and imagination are revealed to us in creativity. Whenever a child draws, sculpts, cuts and glues, he is not just having a good time. He is nurtured and grows.

1. Release of internal energy. All of us, and especially children, through creativity can solve various psychological problems, give vent to emotions that real life sometimes difficult to express. For example, if a child is going through a stage of age-related conservatism, let the crocodile be green and evil; and if the baby has a period of destruction of the rules, then the crocodile can be pink, live on a cloud and be kind. Through creativity, children are freed from the unpleasant and affirm the positive. Dynamic children can relieve internal tension with the help of drawing, while inhibited ones overcome difficulties in self-manifestation.

2. Disclosure of visual perception. Children are mostly kinesthetic. Simply put, they learn everything through touch and movement. Creative activities develop a different apparatus of perception - visual. A person oriented to visual perception can, as a rule, predict his life more effectively. It is easier for such people to make and find solutions, to remember something. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the development of the visual channel of perception, figurative thinking.

3. Development of fantasy and imagination. Drawing, modeling and other forms of creativity develop the imagination through the mechanisms of creative transformation and contribute to the development of symbolic thinking. First, the child experiences something, gets impressions and experience of real life, and then transforms it with the help of creativity and, based on the knowledge gained, constructs his own, unique creative reality. In this way, his inner world is enriched - with fantasies, dreams, pictures of the desired and ideas of ways to achieve them.

4. Expanding horizons. A child, while doing creative work, begins to understand that reality can be perceived in different ways, and, in addition, each person has his own individual perception. He notes that the display of the same world can look different. In creativity, the child learns to see an infinite number of options, and in the future, he becomes tolerant and attentive to the manifestations of others. Travel, go on a visit, to children's theaters, to concerts, take children to exhibitions - all this will later become excellent material for joint creativity, and the child will feel like a full participant in a big life.

5. Development of cognitive activity. Creative activities give a powerful impetus to the process of learning about the world around us. During creative activities, the child learns to interpret, therefore, associative thinking develops. In addition, the ability to find something in common, as well as to see subtle differences, i.e. ability to compare and generalize. The more successful cognitive activity, the more adequate a person is to the natural and social environment, which is the key to his stable existence in the world.

6. Strengthening the connection with the child. Being creative with your child, do not treat it as another waste of time. Use this time to build and strengthen your connection with him, be attentive to what he does. Try to ask open-ended questions to find out more about his "creation" - what he drew, why he chose such colors, what are the names of his plasticine heroes, whom they resemble. Children's games and, in particular, creative activities, this is a very good opportunity to look at your relationships and relationships in the family through the eyes of a child. If desired, you can show children's drawings to a specialist psychologist and discuss what pleases the child and what can disturb or injure him.

From early childhood, you need to educate your child's creativity. Indeed, the development of creative abilities affects not only the formation of a sense of beauty, but also develops the child as a whole.

Recent studies have shown that increasing the number of painting and music lessons helps children learn foreign languages and mathematics.

Of course, not every child is born Michelangelo, Mozart, Louis Armstrong or Tsiolkovsky. However, everyone is born with the ability and desire to create.

Cultivating these abilities and desires does not mean that your little genius will become a prodigy, but it will increase the chances that the ability to create, whatever it is, will be revealed to the end.

Therefore, whatever career awaits your child in the future (artist, banker, writer, doctor, teacher or ballet dancer), encouraging creativity now will make his life richer and more fulfilling. Try the following methods, but don't be afraid to get creative and come up with new ways to encourage creativity.

Let it be a mess

The creative spirit should be free to focus on creativity, and not be distracted by keeping the workplace in order. This is especially true when it comes to toddlers. Their way of creating is not only an idea, but also a mess. To demand that all the crayons remain in the box, the plasticine lies in neat bars, and the fingers, elbows and floor are clean, means to demand the impossible.

Get ready for a mess during imaginative play, and don't let your frustrations out so your child doesn't feel like creating. Suppressing the impulses of the baby for the sake of cleanliness in the house can lead to the fact that they fade away forever.

This does not mean that a creative child and cleanliness in the house are completely incompatible. If you don’t forget about the appropriate precautions before handing an easel or drawing tablet to your baby, this will save both the house and the child’s clothes without affecting the impulses for creativity.

Let freedom reign

Remember that creativity requires space, which means breaking the old rules. There is no wrong way to draw, sculpt, build a tower from a constructor. If you hover over the child, guiding and suggesting, you will interfere with creativity. Only speak your mind when asked for help. The child may follow your advice in order to please you, but he will feel that the result no longer belongs to him.

Don't criticize

The creative process and its outcome are designed to please the child, not you or anyone else. If he's making a card for grandma, don't say, "Maybe grandma doesn't like those colors." If your child wears a shirt and skirt that don't match, don't say, "That doesn't fit." Actually, creativity just consists in combining incongruous.

Praise

Find something to praise in any child's creative work. Even if the landscape sheet is simply scribbled, note the choice of colors or location. If the hunting horn concerto resembles not so much a symphony as a cacophony, praise the lively rhythm and power of the sound. However, do not pour compliments so that the child does not doubt your sincerity or give up trying to do better.

Don't limit yourself to art

There are plenty of outlets for a child's creative energy that have nothing to do with the fine arts. creative child can create in the sandbox (like an archaeologist, architect, engineer), at the kitchen table (like a chef), even at the wardrobe (in many children there is a real fashion designer who just asks to come out). Encourage creativity in all areas of your child's life and develop their talents.

Creativity is an important element in the upbringing of a child.

I see my ideal in that literally every child sees the beautiful, stops in front of him in amazement, makes the beautiful a particle of his soul ... "

V.A. Sukhomlinsky

A creative teacher is constantly looking for ways and means to solve the problems of aesthetic and labor education. The tendency to aesthetic education in children manifests itself quite early. And it is important to introduce the child to creativity in time. One of the effective means is the art of floristry. Plants and flowers and the artistic compositions created from them evoke admiration and joyful emotions in children, a desire to natural material create beauty. Working with natural material, children acquire, as it were, a second sight: in every flower, blade of grass, they learn to see a unique beauty, an image.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of introducing children and adolescents to the creativity for their aesthetic and environmental education. Floristry classes bring up artistic taste, a sense of love and true respect for the surrounding nature, give rise to a desire to protect and preserve it, and in the future will make up for free time with interesting creative work.Working in collaboration with the great and kind artist, Nature, is a great happiness!

The ability to understand, to feel the beautiful is not only a certain criterion for the development of the child, it acts as an incentive for the development of his own creative abilities.

Lessons in arts and crafts allow you to successfully solve didactic tasks for the development of independence and creative initiative children. One of effective means education, in which the formation of labor skills and the artistic development of students are closely intertwined, there may be classes in creating paintings and crafts from natural materials using dry tree leaves, herbs, mosses, flowers, various twigs, roots, seeds and fruits of plants, pieces of tree bark . Floristics is a kind of art that is little known and rarely practiced in schools, in centers of creativity.

Working with natural material is quite accessible to students, because it does not need to be looked for somewhere. Various forms of leaves, flowers, roots, twigs of plants often directly suggest interesting stories. It can be a landscape, a still life, a fabulous composition.By fantasizing, imagining, combining natural materials, you can create an amazing world with your own hands!

In winter, when it is cloudy and cold outside, it is pleasant to please friends and relatives with plant compositions that conceal the warmth, aroma and color of summer. But for this, in summer and early autumn, you need to take care of the source material, collect and save flowers, grass leaves, cones, seeds, twigs, and much more.

In one of my sections work program according to DPI, several lessons are given for working with natural material. It provides for the study of the correct collection of natural material and the types of its preparation (drying) for use in applications, the construction of compositions from flowers and leaves.

Here, the guys bring dried autumn leaves, flowers, blades of grass with them and try to compose, for example, some kind of animal, choosing details according to the shape of the leaves (a birch leaf looks like a chicken's head). The task of such a lesson is the purposeful observation of nature by children, to help them see and appreciate the originality and beauty of autumn, its unusualness: crumbling trees, leafy ground, etc.

Comparing willow or ash leaves with birch or lilac leaves, children can notice the difference between them: some leaves are narrow, elongated, while others are wide and with pointed ends. Some leaves have smooth edges, while others have serrated edges. Their color also varies. Working with the gifts of nature, the child not only recognizes the signs of autumn in nature, the beauty of forms and the color of plants, but also, as it were, prepares himself for the perception of the world around him. And this stage is preparatory in the process of further education.

In the future, more complex exercises are carried out. They get acquainted with the method of spraying, where the guys put a leaf of a tree on a white landscape sheet, and then spray with a sponge or brush. The result is very like the children, and they enjoy this work.

You can also work on revealing shapes using a stencil. When one of the sides of the sheet is covered with gouache or watercolor and printed on paper.

All these exercises allow you to most effectively develop both the creative abilities of children and develop observation, the ability to analyze forms.

It is not uncommon for children's hobbies to become a profession. But even if in the future students do not become professional craftsmen and artists, the skills gained in the classroom will help them in any direction. No wonder many adults return to childhood hobbies.

The pedagogical value of knowledge of folk and arts and crafts is explained by the following important reasons:works of these types of art make it possible to educate schoolchildren in a certain culture of perception of the material, contribute to the formation of an aesthetic attitude to reality, help to better understand the artistic and expressive means of other types of fine art.

creative work finally contributes to the development of individual abilities of students, causes them to strive to acquire knowledge beyond the mandatory programs.

At each lesson, the teacher meets with his students and sometimes children are restless, absent-minded, inattentive. How to interest and captivate children? How to prepare classes so that, with their methodological and educational orientation, they are interesting?

When planning a lesson, the teacher takes into account the general level of preparation and abilities of children, the availability of materials and tools. In the lessons on the implementation of floristry, I recommend to carry out next plan:

1. Choose the topic of the lesson and have a conversation with the children.

2. Conduct a short tour of parks, squares, forests in order to get acquainted with natural materials.

3. Collecting a variety of natural materials.

4. Drying natural material with children (using an iron, or laying leaves in a book.

5. Analysis of the shape of the object of labor chosen for decoration.

6. Display and discussion of plots, motives for applications.

7. Drawing up a work plan.

8. Independent work of students:

A) drawing up a sketch of the composition;

B) color selection;

C) cutting the necessary figures;

D) gluing;

D) discussion of finished works. Summarizing.

Lesson structure.

Stage I - communication and goal setting: what children should learn in this lesson, what new things to learn, what to consolidate.

Stage II - preparation for the implementation of the lesson. It includes sample analysis, comparison, comparison, demonstration of work methods, setting up the simplest experience, drawing up a plan for future work.

Stage III - performance of labor actions (independent work of students).

Stage IV - verification of the correctness of the work performed.

Stage V - summing up the results of the lesson: what did you learn, what did you learn new.

Federal state requirements for the minimum content, structure and conditions for the implementation of an additional pre-professional general education program in the field of fine arts "Painting" and the duration of training under this program. Order of the Ministry of Culture Russian Federation dated March 12, 2012 No. 156

"Natural material and fantasy" Program, recommendations, development of classes / author-compiler L.I. Trepetunova. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2009-255p.ISBN 978-5-7057-1724-8

"Crafts from natural material" "do it yourself". L.V. Baklanova Tula, Rodnichok, Moscow Astrel AST 2008 UDC 372.3/4 BBK 74.200.54. B19.

Zinovkina M. M., Utemov V. V. The structure of a creative lesson on the development of the creative personality of students in pedagogical system NFTM-TRIZ // Concept. - 2013. - Modern scientific research. Issue 1. -ART 53572. - URL: http://e-koncept.ru/2013/53572.htm. - Mrs. reg. El No FS 77-49965. – ISSN 2304-120X.

Posashilina V.A. Development of a support system for talented children: to make the student feel successful // Concept. - 2012. - No. 10 (October). – ART 12144. – URL: http://e-koncept.ru/2012/12144.htm. - Mrs. reg. El No FS 77-49965. – ISSN 2304-120X. [Accessed 17.11.2013]

Internet sourceped-kopilka.ru