Legal education of schoolchildren in biology lessons. Education of the moral qualities of a person in biology lessons and in extracurricular activities. Biology lesson on sex education

Gubchuk Dmitry Petrovich, teacher of chemistry and biology, KGKOU "Evening (shift) general education school No. 2", Shipunovo village, Altai Territory [email protected]

spiritually moral education in biology lessons

Annotation. The article is devoted to the problems of spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren at biology lessons. The author reveals aspects that include spiritual and moral education in biology lessons and analyzes the value aspects of modern biology that contribute to the education of a citizen and a humanist. arsenal of means of spiritual and moral education, principles of spiritual and moral education

“In the context of modernizing school education, the primary task is the spiritual and moral development and education of students. In modern society, intellectually developed and spiritually moral citizens of Russia are in demand, who are able to solve non-standard problems in various fields and activities. A society is capable of setting and solving large-scale national tasks when it has a common system of moral guidelines. And there are these guidelines where they keep respect for the native language, the nature of the native land, for the original culture and cultural values, for the memory of their ancestors, for every page of our national history. Education plays a key role in the spiritual and moral cohesion of society. Constitution Russian Federation, recognizing the highest value of a person, his rights and freedoms, proclaims as one of the inalienable rights of everyone to education, which corresponds to the principle set out in the UN Declaration of the Rights of the Child: “He should be given an education that would contribute to his general cultural development and, thanks to which he could, on the basis of equal opportunities, develop his abilities and personal judgment, a sense of moral and social responsibility and become a member of society. educational and cognitive activity of a student, but also as a process of personal development, acceptance of spiritual, moral, social, family and other values. Upbringing should not be divorced from the process of education, but, on the contrary, organically supplement it.” “A child of school age is most susceptible to spiritual and moral development and education. The role of the school, as a task, is to develop not only the intellectual, but also the spiritual, cultural life of the student, since the shortcomings of this development and education are difficult to make up for in subsequent years. “The main content of spiritual and moral development, education and socialization are basic national values. We keep these values in cultural and family traditions passed on from generation to generation. Relying on these values helps a person resist destructive influences. They are easily projected onto the material of any subject studied at school and provide personal, social, general cultural, intellectual and communicative development of the individual." ; mastery of knowledge about the structure, life activity, diversity and environment-forming role of living organisms; mastering the methods of knowing wildlife and the ability to use them in practical activities; educating a value attitude towards wildlife. Own health and the health of others, a culture of behavior in the environment, i.e. . hygienic, genetic and environmental literacy; mastering the ability to comply with hygiene norms and rules healthy lifestyle life, evaluate the consequences of their activities in relation to the environment, the health of other people and their own body. ”Traditionally, biological education, first of all, is associated with the acquisition of a certain amount of relevant knowledge by schoolchildren. Biological education will be developing if conditions for development are purposefully created creativity schoolchildren, to show the children the amazing possibilities of interaction between man and nature, to include them in the creation and preservation of the beauty of Russian nature. Biology is the science of life. Its study contributes to the awareness of schoolchildren that the preservation of the biosphere is an indispensable condition not only for the existence, but also for the development of mankind. Biological education should form in the younger generation an understanding of life as the greatest value, its relationship to nature, of which it is itself a part. This morality defines a new type of morality “What we have not created must not be destroyed by us.” Imagine a person who has never heard the murmur of streams, has not seen the first sprout breaks through the crust of the earth, has not admired the beauty of a flower and did not freeze, admiring the setting sun that gilded the autumn forest. Neither a scientist, nor a poet, nor just a man will come out of such a person, for nature is the mother of surprise and curiosity, awakening the creative principle in us. Through the study of biology, I create conditions for the further development of the child's personality as a person who studies the world around him and his own (spiritual) world (see table 1). Table 1 Development of the child's personality as a person

studying the world around

The student of the spiritual (inner world) a) develops the ability to set goals for activities and research.

˃a) the ability to set goals for self-development and self-change develops. b) the ability to plan, design activities develops. ˃ b) the ability to express oneself, one’s feelings develops. taking responsibility for one's own destiny). love for oneself and for the world, beauty, faith, hope.

“Spiritual and moral education in the lessons of biology includes aspects: Moral - involves not only seeing, understanding, feeling the beauty of nature, but also understanding the need for the reasonable use of the achievements of science and technology for the further development of human society and protection environment .Civil - the formation of a creative personality with an active lifestyle, respectful of the creators of science, providing the leading role of biology. Polytechnic - involves polytechnic training of students, the use of acquired knowledge and skills to solve practical problems of everyday life, rational environmental management, as well as: education of a culture of work , respect for work, a sense of responsibility and duty, contributes to the career guidance of students. The patriotic component involves the study of information about the small homeland, its wealth and cultural traditions, which contributes to love for one's city, village, township, educates a citizen of one's Motherland. Health-preserving - involves the formation a healthy lifestyle, ensuring the safety of human life and society. It is possible to form a sense of patriotism among schoolchildren by acquainting students with the life and work of scientists; showing that many Russian scientists had remarkable qualities: devotion to the Fatherland, the desire to develop the science of their Motherland, to raise its prestige to a higher level. The reflection of the colossal successes of our country in the field of various branches of biology, medicine, genetics, selection in the school biology course allows us to form students have a sense of pride in their homeland. The use of the cultural heritage of the Russian people (proverbs, sayings, signs, fairy tales and tales, epics, songs and poems) allows you to form the ability to perceive, process and present information in verbal, figurative, symbolic forms, analyze and process the information received. Analysis of the value aspects of modern biology based on modern and historical material (atmospheric pollution and the solution of environmental problems, ethical aspects of biotechnology, cloning, etc.) contributes to the education of a citizen and a humanist. The practical orientation of biology lessons forms the ability to use the acquired knowledge, skills and abilities in everyday life (everyday life, ecology, health protection, providing first aid to the victim, etc.). The arsenal of means for the spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren in biology lessons is unusually rich: cabinet design; portrait galleries of scientists; exhibitions and stands; the use of literary, historical examples in the lesson; the use of sound recordings of scientists' statements; videos; multimedia presentations; work with natural objects. One of the most optimal ways of spiritual and moral education; establishing a close relationship between classroom and extracurricular activities and interdisciplinary interaction. One of the most important principles of spiritual and moral education is the process of continuity - an interconnected process of training, education and development of a person throughout his life. The work on the spiritual and moral education of the younger generation should go on as a continuous process and be not episodic, but systemic.

Links to sources 1. Vasilyeva Z.N. Moral education of students in learning activities/ Z.N.Vasilyeva.M.: Education, 1978.389 p.2. The concept of federal state educational standards of general education: project / Russian Academy of Education; ed. A.M.Kondakova, A.A.Kuznetsova.2nd ed.M.: Education, 2009.3.Potapovskaya O.M. Pedagogical support of the family in matters of spiritual and moral education of children / O.M. Potapovskaya. M .: Publishing house "Planet 2000", 2002.52 p. 4. Shchurkova N.E. New education / N.E. Shchurkova. M .: Pedagogical Society of Russia, 2000.130 p.5. Federal component state standard general education // Bulletin of Education of Russia, 2004, No. 1213.

Municipal general educational institution
"Rudnogorsk secondary school"

(cluster methodical association)

Petrova Lyudmila Grigorievna
biology teacher, MOU "Rudnogorsk Sosh"
first qualification category

Rudnogorsk
Nizhneilimsky district
Irkutsk region
year 2013

Education of the moral qualities of the individual in the lessons of biology and in extracurricular activities
№1 Biology is the science of life. Its study helps schoolchildren to realize that the preservation of the biosphere is an indispensable condition not only for the existence, but also for the development of mankind. Biological education should form in the younger generation an understanding of life as the greatest value, its relationship to nature, of which it is itself a part. This morality defines a new type of morality “What we have not created should not be destroyed by us.” Through the study of biology, I create conditions for the further development of the child’s personality as a person who studies the world around him and his own (spiritual) world. No. 2“ Spiritual and moral education in the lessons of biology includes aspects: - Moral involves not only seeing, understanding, feeling the beauty of nature, but also understanding the need for the reasonable use of the achievements of science and technology for the further development of human society and environmental protection. - Civil formation of creative individuals with an active life position, respectful of the creators of science, who ensure the leading role of biology. - Polytechnic involves polytechnic training of students, the use of acquired knowledge and skills to solve practical problems of everyday life, rational environmental management, as well as: fostering a culture of work, respect for work, the senses responsibility and duty, contributes to the career guidance of students. - The patriotic component, involves the study of information about the small homeland, its wealth and cultural traditions, which contributes to love for one's city, village, township, educates a citizen of one's Motherland. - Health-saving involves the formation of a healthy lifestyle, ensuring safety of human life and society.” Analysis of the value aspects of modern biology on the basis of modern and historical material contributes to the education of a citizen and a humanist. The practical orientation of biology lessons forms the ability to use the acquired knowledge, skills and abilities in everyday life (everyday life, ecology, health protection, first aid to the victim, etc.)
№3 The arsenal of means of spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren in biology lessons is unusually rich: classroom design; portrait galleries of scientists; exhibitions and stands; the use of literary, historical examples in the lesson; the use of sound recordings of scientists' statements; videos; multimedia presentations; work with natural objects.

№4
One of the most optimal ways of spiritual and moral education; establishing a close relationship between classroom and extracurricular activities and interdisciplinary interaction. In my work, I also try to focus on the individualization of the learning process and I believe that biology, as a subject, has great opportunities in terms of shaping schoolchildren's qualities such as morality, spirituality and patriotism. To do this, I use various technological methods provided for by personality-oriented training.
№5
Dialog
In the dialogue, the student feels like an equal partner of the teacher, not only the leader, but also the leader. He acquires a vital skill business communication. The most disposed to conduct a dialogue are such activities as the organization of disputes and discussions, seminars, group and research work.
Let's turn to specific examples. The genetic affinity of man and other biological members of ecosystems is now manifested in the desire to personify nature. It gave rise to the traditional anthropomorphic characteristics of its objects and phenomena: the snow "is falling", the earth "breathes", the hare is "cowardly", the bear is "good-natured". This is reflected in fairy tales, poems, legends, parables. Children are happy to listen to excerpts from the works and enter into a discussion of the information received. Very often in the classroom we talk with schoolchildren about environmental problems and ways to solve them. We pay special attention to the problem of biodiversity conservation. In the course of general biology, students will have to generalize and expand their knowledge on the main issues of biological science. We emphasize once again that BIOLOGY IS THE SCIENCE OF LIFE, we say that it is definitely impossible to give an explanation for the word "life", we give its various interpretations. It is appropriate to cite figures confirming how many human casualties accompany military actions, tests of nuclear and chemical weapons, and terrorist attacks. Children themselves give examples, express their attitude to this problem.
№6
Assessment of information impact on students
The method of using concrete facts of the feats accomplished by people in the name of peace, science, and goodness turns out to be very effective. This moment of the lesson is held under the motto: "In life there is always a place for a feat"
The fate of the Italian scientist Giordano Bruno is tragic. The history of the heroism of doctors and scientists testing the effects of cholera bacilli on themselves. Preservation of the seed collection in besieged Leningrad is a feat not only of VIR scientists, but also of all those who helped them in this. People could barely move their legs from hunger, but they kept the seeds. They knew that after the war the country would need these seeds for the bread of the future.
№7
Role and business games
Personal development, including moral development, cannot take place outside the development of its activity - cognitive, communicative, activity. One of the didactic means aimed at developing the activity of students and ensuring their involvement in interpersonal communication, are role-playing and business games. They can take all the time of the lesson, or be part of it.
Topic: Human influence on the animal world
After considering the main issues of the topic and finding out the reasons for the disappearance of animals, I invite the children to act as one of those animals and tell about their tragic fate. (Children prepare in advance)

№8
LESSONS OF MORALITY.
As far as possible and necessary, I practice conducting MORALS lessons. Their duration is from a few minutes to a whole lesson. They have a common goal - to help students develop such personal qualities like humanity, responsibility, tolerance, patriotism.
At one of the first lessons in grade 8, after getting acquainted with the subject of study of such sciences as anatomy, physiology, hygiene and psychology, I acquaint students not only with the history of the development of ideas about a person, as provided by the program, but also talk about the role of medicine in difficult periods of life humanity.
The theme of the MORALS lesson is "HYMN TO MERCY"
He who walks softly will go far on his path. (Chinese proverb)
Earthquakes, floods, eruptions in
The content of the subject of biology is fertile ground for the moral education of students. Throughout all the years of study (from 6 to 11 grades), the main object of study is a living organism.
That is why, studying the structural features of living organisms, their significance in nature, the guys in almost every lesson turn to such universal values as good and evil, a humane attitude towards living things.
It is necessary to skillfully use every opportunity to introduce children to spiritual and moral values; to instill in students a sense of love and respect for the Motherland, for native nature; feelings of mercy and compassion, contribute to the preservation of the spiritual, mental and physical health of the child.
№9
For several years, we have been collecting a collection of poems, proverbs, quotes from works of art, sayings of famous people that can be used in biology lessons and offered to students for discussion.
In the lessons we use reproductions of paintings by Russian artists, read excerpts from works of art, poems that show the beauty of nature.
№10
Education should cover not only the sphere of consciousness, but also the area of emotional experiences. As Plato said - "Contemplating the beautiful, a person exalts himself"
At the lessons devoted to the topics of plant and animal protection, schoolchildren are brought up with a sense of mercy and the need to help those in need.
№11
When studying the human body, we try to show students the value of human life, nature, planet Earth, harmony in the relationship between man and nature.
Deep and thoughtful moral and psychological preparation of young people for marriage is acquiring great importance today.
To educate schoolchildren as future fathers and mothers means to educate them in honesty, decency, kindness, respect for a person of the opposite sex, a pure and noble perception of love, intolerance to the vulgar, sexual promiscuity.
I would like to recall the words of Sukhomlinsky V.A.: “You are future fathers and mothers. In a few years you will have children. Remember that the relationship between a man and a woman leads to the birth of a new person. This is not only a biological act, but, above all, a great creativity.
Conclusion:
It is necessary to touch the hearts of the students with the material, to excite and make them think. There is a huge distance between knowing how to behave and doing the right thing that cannot be covered in one lesson. From the requirement "You must" to the state "I want" leads a person to his personal attitude to what he does. And for this to happen, repetitions are needed, exercises in everyday moral behavior, the consolidation of moral habits in the practical experience of one's activity, since one act still does not say anything.

In the conditions of modernization of school education, the spiritual and moral development and education of students is a paramount task. In modern society, intellectually developed and spiritually-moral citizens of Russia are in demand, who are able to solve non-standard problems in various fields and activities. A society is capable of setting and solving large-scale national tasks when it has a common system of moral guidelines. And there are these landmarks where they keep respect for the native language, the nature of the native land, for the original culture and cultural values, for the memory of their ancestors, for every page of our national history

According to the Concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the personality of a citizen of Russia, the most important goal of modern domestic education and one of the priority tasks of society and the state is education, social and pedagogical support for the formation and development of a highly moral, responsible, creative, initiative, competent citizen of Russia.

The main questions for a person about the purpose and meaning of life are closely related to his worldview. It is at school age that ideological, moral, intellectual, artistic and other tastes are formed in children. Each school subject is designed to teach one or another knowledge, to instill in children certain skills and abilities.

The implementation of the task of spiritual and moral education is an order of magnitude more difficult and responsible than the transfer of subject knowledge and is possible with a special state of the teacher's soul, determined by the clarity of his spiritual vision. According to K.D. Ushinsky, a real teacher and students are related by “special warmth and sincerity of relations”, the basis of which is the spiritual qualities of the teacher’s personality: faith, love, honesty, openness, wisdom, beauty of the soul. And it doesn’t matter what subject he teaches, the main thing is what conditions the teacher creates in his lessons for the harmonious development of the personality. Important for the implementation of the tasks of spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren is the factor of life and professional activity of the teacher himself, since the pupil fixes, first of all, what is most clearly manifested in the personality of the mentor. Therefore, the process of comprehension by the teacher of the responsibility of his social role is very important.

“Nature has given man a weapon in his hands - intellectual and moral strength, but he can use this weapon in the opposite direction; therefore, a person without moral foundations turns out to be the most impious and wild being, vile in his sexual and taste instincts. That's what Aristotle said.

Today, high morality is perhaps the most important trait for a person and society as a whole.

A highly developed civic consciousness, the concept of duty and honor guide our feelings, mindsets, and actions. And primary here is not nature, but education.

The development and education of the spiritual and moral personality of students is a continuous process at all stages of personality development, starting with the family, kindergarten while continuing at school. The teacher can participate in this process by his moral example, student-centered learning, as well as by means of his subject.

Since nature is present in the basic national values, the teacher directly participates in the spiritual and moral development of students by means of the subject of biology.

Young people absorb ideas of good and bad, honest and vicious, ordinary and high from the whole multitude of phenomena that make up our lives.

Children, growing up, copy the behavior of adults: parents, teachers, neighbors, etc., therefore, it is necessary to remember: our own and other children look at us, they judge the life they enter by our actions. They will replace us tomorrow in the classroom, at the machines and drawing boards, at the controls, in the fields and farms. But the foundations of their views and habits are being laid today. And the lessons of morality they learn today. At home, at school, in particular in biology lessons. “An enlightened mind ennobles moral feelings: the head must educate the heart,” wrote F. Schiller. “Behavior is a mirror in which everyone shows his face,” said Goethe.

The course of biology with all its versatility, versatility of knowledge and their applied value makes it possible to establish moral principles, understand the essence of being, the physical beauty of a person, the need to protect the environment and increase the wealth of nature.

Earth is the planet of animals and plants no less than the planet of people. And everything that we do on Earth directly or indirectly affects the entire planetary system of life. The system by which we exist, an integral part ... and the main enemy of which we are.

Biological education should form in the younger generation an understanding of life as the greatest value. In this regard, the biologization and humanization of education as a whole, the main task of which is the education of morality in students, morality that determines human behavior in society, his spiritual and spiritual qualities, his attitude to nature, is becoming relevant. This morality defines a new type of morality: "What we have not created must not be destroyed by us."

A child of school age is most receptive to spiritual and moral development and upbringing. The role of the school is to develop not only the intellectual, but also the spiritual, cultural life of the student, since the shortcomings of this development and education are difficult to make up for in subsequent years.

Imagine a person who has never heard the murmur of streams, has not seen the first sprout break through the crust of the earth, has not admired the beauty of a flower and has not faded, admiring the setting sun that gilded the autumn forest. Neither a scientist, nor a poet, nor just a person will come out of such a person, for nature is the mother of surprise and curiosity, awakening creativity in us. It is, in the words of the poet, the secret of the universe, a storehouse of the unknown, a source of strength that soothes and heals our spirit.

Sukhomlinsky wrote: "Nature is the strongest means of influence, an excellent method of education, which we hardly use and which must be mastered."

To be able to see nature is the first condition for education through nature. You need to learn yourself and you need to teach the child to see the wonderful around him. Considering the winter lilac bud in the lesson, one cannot help but pay attention to the amazing ability of the covering scales to keep tiny tender leaves in the crackling frosts that will bloom in the spring. When children realize the wonder of this phenomenon, their faces begin to glow.

Studying the structure of a flower, how not to admire with children the perfection of forms and the elegance of lines, the fitness of a flower and a pollinating insect. Children begin to give examples from personal observations, talking with delight about the life of insects and plants. And the mystery of the birth of a new life from the merger of two tiny cells. And there are many such examples.

Traditionally, biological education is primarily associated with the acquisition of a certain amount of relevant knowledge by schoolchildren. Biological education will be developing if we purposefully create conditions for the development of the creative abilities of the student, show the children the amazing possibilities of interaction between man and nature, include them in the creation and preservation of the beauty of Russian nature. A person endowed with ecological culture is distinguished, first of all, by the ability to achieve harmony both with his inner and outer world. In childhood, this skill is formed mainly due to the emotional sphere and practical skills of environmental activities. Domestic pedagogy has a unique experience of using the natural environment for educational purposes and creating an “open” pedagogical system in close relationship with the natural environment. This experience belongs to V.A. Sukhomlinsky. The upbringing of man through communion with nature permeates all that he has created. pedagogical system. But he repeatedly emphasized that nature in itself does not have a magical developmental effect on the child, but turns into a factor in education only in the skillful hands of a teacher.

By organizing annual trips, I can observe the result of my work and continue the education and upbringing of children in natural conditions. Returning to civilization, students create creative travel accounts. In these reports, one cannot fail to notice love for native nature, an enthusiastic description of a landscape or phenomenon, a genuine interest in the plants and animals encountered, and a desire to learn as much as possible about them.

The practical orientation of biology lessons forms the ability to use the acquired knowledge, skills and abilities in everyday life (everyday life, ecology, health protection, first aid to the victim, etc.)

Several aspects of moral education in biology lessons can be considered:

Moral - to teach not only to see, but also to feel the beauty of nature, to understand the need for the reasonable use of modern technologies for the further development of mankind and the environment;

Patriotic - a component that involves the study of information about the small homeland, its wealth and cultural traditions, which contributes to love for one's city, village, township, educates a citizen of one's homeland;

Health-saving - involves the formation of a healthy lifestyle, ensuring the safety of human life and society;

Civil-formation of a creative personality with an active life position.

Thus, moral education is the basis of all foundations. Depending on what the teacher has invested in the soul of the child at this age, it will depend on what he himself will build in the future, how he will build his relationships with others. It is possible to educate a kind, sympathetic person only through communication with nature.

"Hurry to do good better this morning than the coming evening, for life is fleeting and time flies."

Literature

1. The concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the personality of a citizen of Russia. AND I. Danilyuk, A.M. Kondakov, V.A. Tishkov, M. “Enlightenment”, 2009

2. New education. NOT. Shchurkov. M.: Pedagogical Society of Russia”, 2000

3. Federal component of the state standard of general education “Bulletin of Education of Russia”, 2004, No. 12, 13.

Spiritual and moral education of students

in biology classes.

Fatkulina Olga Alexandrovna,

biology teacher MBOU secondary school No. 28

The development and upbringing of a student's spiritual and moral personality is a continuous process that does not stop at all stages of personality development, starting with the family, kindergarten, and which, of course, continues at school. The subject teacher participates in this process both by his moral example, and with the help of personality-oriented learning, and by means of his subject. Since nature (evolution, motherland, protected nature, planet Earth, ecological consciousness), is present in the basic national values, then through the subject the biology teacher is directly involved in the spiritual and moral development of students. The line of evolution of living nature, local history material, the preservation of rare and endangered species of plants and animals, the formation of ecological consciousness runs through the entire course of the subject.

Biology is the science of life. Its study helps schoolchildren to realize that the preservation of the biosphere is an indispensable condition not only for the existence, but also for the development of mankind, that all living things are unique and therefore only valuable. In this regard, the biologization and humanization of education as a whole, the main task of which is to educate the morality of students, the morality that determines human behavior in society and nature, his spiritual and spiritual qualities, his attitude to nature, is becoming relevant. This morality determines the morality of a new type and, perhaps, the morality of a new type of person: "What we have not created must not be destroyed by us."

V.A. Sukhomlinsky wrote: "Nature is the strongest means of influence, an excellent method of education, which we hardly use and which must be mastered."

To teach a child the ability to see and feel the beauty, strength and tenderness of nature is the first condition for education through nature. You need to learn yourself and teach the child to see the wonderful around him in everything. Considering the winter lilac bud in the lesson, one cannot help but draw the attention of children to the amazing ability of the covering scales to preserve tiny tender leaves in bitter frosts that will bloom in the spring. When children realize the wonder of this phenomenon, their faces begin to glow.

Biological education will be developing if we purposefully create conditions for the development of the creative abilities of schoolchildren, show the children the amazing possibilities of interaction between man and nature, include them in the creation and preservation of the amazing beauty of Russian nature. A person endowed with an ecological culture is distinguished, first of all, by the ability to achieve harmony with both his inner and outer world. In childhood, this skill is formed mainly due to emotional sphere and practical skills environmental activities.

A biology teacher in his research can rely on the unique experience of V.A. Sukhomlinsky (after all, the upbringing of a person through communication with nature permeates the entire pedagogical system he created) and his statement that “nature itself does not have a magical developing effect on the child, but turns into an upbringing factor only in the capable hands of the teacher.”

By organizing annual trips and excursions, I can continue to educate and educate children in natural conditions and observe the result of my work. Back in class, students create creative travel reports. In these reports, one cannot fail to notice the love for native nature, an enthusiastic description of a landscape or phenomenon, a genuine interest in plants and animals seen in natural conditions, a desire to learn as much as possible about them.

The formation of environmental education in biology lessons deserves special attention: discussion of environmental problems that have arisen through the fault of a person, environmental subbotniks, work on the school site, participation in environmental actions and competitions. The guys and I participated in the district campaign “Clean Coast”, environmental contests “Take care of the birds!”, “Know and love your land”, “ The world". They came up with their own actions: “Save the tree”, “Listen to nature, suddenly she asks for your help” and others. Nature conservation is one of the most important duties of every person. That is why it is important in the education of students to form careful attitude to nature, educating each student of the correct ecological thinking.

Thus, the task of a biology teacher is to make every effort so that schoolchildren understand the main thing: the biosphere is an integral entity, and we, with all our pride and reasonableness, are only a part of it. If we want to preserve humanity, ensure its future, we must preserve the basis of our existence - the nature of the Earth.

In this regard, I have developed a program for the spiritual and moral development of students in biology lessons, the purpose of which is to provide a systematic approach to the formation of a correct and reasonable attitude to the basic national value - nature, the idea of the uniqueness of life, the concept of a healthy, safe, environmentally sound lifestyle through the subject "Biology".

We can consider several aspects of spiritual and moral education in biology lessons:

moral - to teach not only to see, but also to feel the beauty of nature, to understand the need for reasonable application modern technologies for the further development of mankind and the environment;

patriotic - involves the study of information about the small homeland, its wealth and cultural traditions, which contributes to love for one's city, village, township, educates a citizen of one's homeland;

health-saving - involves the formation of a healthy lifestyle, ensuring the safety of human life and society;

civic - the formation of a creative personality with an active life position;

polytechnic - the use of acquired knowledge and skills to solve practical problems of everyday life, rational environmental management.

Analysis of the value aspects of modern biology on the basis of modern and historical material contributes to the education of a citizen and a humanist.

The arsenal of means of spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren in biology lessons is unusually rich: this is the design of the office, and portrait galleries of scientists and exhibitions and stands, and the use of literary and historical examples in the lesson, and the use of sound recordings of scientists' statements, and the use of video films, multimedia presentations, and work with natural objects. One of the most optimal ways of spiritual and moral education is to establish a close connection between classroom and extracurricular activities and interdisciplinary interaction.

Thus, moral education is the basis of all foundations. Depending on what the teacher has invested in the soul of the child, it will depend on what he himself will erect in the future, how he will build his relations with the outside world. It is possible to educate a kind, sympathetic person only through communication with nature. "Hurry to do good better this morning than the coming evening, for life is fleeting and time flies."

In conclusion, I want to say: a child of school age is most receptive to spiritual and moral development and education. But the shortcomings of this development and upbringing are difficult to make up for in subsequent years. Experienced and assimilated in childhood is characterized by great psychological stability, therefore it is so important not to miss the realization of the possibilities of the subject "Biology" in the development of the child's personality.

List of used literature

1. Danilyuk A.Ya. The concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the personality of a citizen of Russia / Danilyuk A.Ya.,. Kondakov A.M., Tishkov V.A. - M.: "Enlightenment", 2009

2. Divnogortseva S.Yu. Spiritual and moral education in the theory and experience of Orthodox pedagogical culture. - M .: Publishing House of PSTGU, 2008

3. Shchurkova N.E. New education / M .: Pedagogical Society of Russia, 2000

Municipal budgetary educational institution

secondary school No. 8

Spiritual and moral education in biology lessons

prepared

biology and ecology teacher

Shevtsova Elena Alexandrovna

Kulebaki

201 3 G.

Spiritual and moral education.

A society is only capable of setting and solving large-scale national tasks when it has a common system of moral guidelines. And there are these landmarks where they keep respect for their native language, for their original culture and for their original cultural values, for the memory of their ancestors, for every page of our national history.

Education plays a key role in the spiritual and moral upbringing of society. The school is the only social institution where the values of the individual are formed and spiritual and moral development and education are realized. Therefore, it is in the school that not only the intellectual, but also the spiritual, cultural life of the student should be concentrated.

The methodological basis for the development and implementation of the federal state educational standard of general education is the concept of spiritual and moral development and education.

The concept defines the goals and objectives of the spiritual and moral development and education of the individual, the system of basic national values, the principles of spiritual and moral development and education of the individual.

The main content of spiritual and moral development, education and socialization are the basic national values. We keep these values in cultural and family traditions and pass them on from generation to generation. Relying on these values helps a person resist destructive influences.

Basic national values:

– Patriotism - love for one's small Motherland, one's people, for Russia, service to the Fatherland;

– citizenship - law and order, freedom of conscience and religion, the rule of law;

– social solidarity - personal and national freedom, trust in people, institutions of the state and civil society, justice, mercy, honor, dignity;

– humanity - world peace, diversity of cultures and peoples, progress of mankind, international cooperation,

– science - the value of knowledge, the pursuit of truth, the scientific picture of the world;

– family - love and fidelity, health, prosperity, respect for parents, care for older and younger, care for procreation;

– work and creativity - respect for work, creativity and creation, purposefulness and perseverance;

– traditional Russian religions - the idea of faith, spirituality, the religious life of a person, tolerance, formed on the basis of interfaith dialogue;

– art and literature - beauty, harmony, spiritual world human, moral choice, the meaning of life, aesthetic development, ethical development;

– nature - evolution, native land, reserved nature, planet Earth, ecological consciousness;

Basic values should underlie the way of school life, determine the lesson, extracurricular and extracurricular activities of children.

« Spiritual and moral education of students in biology lessons "

Sukhomlinsky wrote: "Nature is the strongest means of influence, an excellent method of education, which we hardly use and which must be mastered." The most accessible and real basis for the implementation of this is the integration of education on the basis of inter-subject relations with such subjects as music, literature, fine arts, labor training, ethics, aesthetics, etc.

To be able to see nature is the first condition for education through nature. You need to learn yourself and you need to teach your child to see everything around him. Far from everything that is imprinted on the retina of the eye is perceived, but only what we focus on, what we think about. We can meet a person for years, talk to him every day and not know what color his eyes are. But the retina of our eye reflects this. Yes, retina, not consciousness. Children need to be taught to see. This means that it is necessary not only to show, but also to teach to describe what he saw in words, to lead the child to express his attitude to what he saw. Let's look at a few examples.

In a biology class VI class on the topic "Types of roots, types of root systems", speaking about the meaning of the root, I bring to the attention of the class a few lines from a poem by V. Jacques: We collected hot poppies in a bouquet, Lots of blue forget-me-nots. And then we felt sorry for the flowers. They planted them in the ground again. But nothing happens: They sway from any breeze! Why crumble and wither? They will not grow without roots.

These lines can be used to perform two tasks of the lesson at once: to find out the main meaning of the root as an organ that provides mineral nutrition plants, as well as to continue the formation of a caring attitude towards nature in children.

Painting helps a lot in teaching the vision of nature. Wonderful canvases reflect Russian nature. The picture has a huge impact on the soul of the child.

During a spring excursion into nature(forest, meadow, grove, garden) in response to the child's attempt to catch a beautiful butterfly, the teacher attracts the attention of the guys to her, remembering Aksakov's words about butterfly:“Of all the insects inhabiting God's world, of all the small creatures that crawl, jump and fly, the butterfly is the best, the most graceful; it is truly a fluttering flower, painted with wonderful, bright colors, shining with gold and patterns no less beautiful and attractive; it is a sweet, pure creature that feeds on the juice of flowers. How happy the first butterflies in spring! What kind of revival are they give to nature, just waking up to life after a cruel and long winter. And then the words of the teacher follow that this tiny creature overwintered and flew out to warm up. He invites the children to take a closer look at the butterfly, but already thinking about the words they have just heard, And the butterfly, as if by order, “demonstrates” its divine outfit in front of them. Thus, the teacher first gives the opportunity not only to look, but also to see the biological object, and then talks about its purpose in nature (obligatory) and its significance in human life.

Among Christians, a butterfly is sometimes depicted sitting on the hand of the infant Christ and symbolizes the rebirth and resurrection of the soul.

Education of patriotism through project and research activities of students in biology lessons and after school hours.

I believe that one of the main tasks biological education - the education of a patriot and a citizen, a person with an active life position, new thinking, and not just with huge, but useless knowledge. This is required by modern living conditions, a rapidly changing environment. Only an active citizen can adapt to modern conditions, participate and change the life of his country. Modern society interested in its members being able and willing to competently participate in productive activities, learn family roles, be law-abiding citizens - all this is the content of the process of socialization, i.e. "the process of forming the skills and social attitudes of individuals corresponding to their social roles "(N. Smelser, American sociologist).

Such work develops students' interest and love for nature, its protection and transformation, captivates students with the prospects of environmental activities, forms a cognitive and aesthetic attitude to the natural environment in children. Children are learning correct behavior and activities in nature, reveal cases of a negative attitude towards it.

We, biologists, have been given a powerful tool for patriotic education child - nature.

To be able to see nature is the first condition for education through nature. We must learn ourselves and teach the child to see the beauty in the world around us, to appreciate and protect it, to be proud of the beauty of our native land.

To solve these problems, I use new pedagogical technologies - design and research.

This type of activity helps to bring up an active citizenship, has a great influence on the formation of the child's personality, the formation of his worldview, beliefs, high feelings for his native land, country, contributes to the education of citizenship and patriotism.

Project activity makes it possible to present the problem under study from different points of view. The children learn the basics of a scientific experiment, the definition of work tasks, the choice of methods for studying this topic, the generalization of the results obtained, and the methods of presenting the study.

I can give such examples.

How to save trees - Krasilnikova T., Berseneva Yu., Yudina A. - took 2nd place in the region.

International Campaign "Let's make the world cleaner" - 7.8 classes.

Annually schoolchildren take part in conferences different levels and receive high marks as a result of participation. The topics that students raise in their works are very relevant, they are of a research and creative nature. The work uses local history material, which makes it possible to educate students in civic consciousness, a sense of responsibility for the fate of their small homeland.

The teacher teaches children not only to see nature, but also to hear it. No wonder they say that classical music originates in the music of nature.

We must make every effort to ensure that schoolchildren understand the main thing: the biosphere is an integral entity, and we, with all our pride and reasonableness, are only a part of it. And, if we want to preserve humanity, ensure its future, we must preserve the basis of our existence - the nature of the Earth. Let the sacred words “SAVE AND SAVE!” become the motto in a person’s life! Only this appeal is not to the Lord God, but to all living people.

If we are destined to breathe the same air,

Let's all unite forever.

Let's save our souls!

Then we on the Earth will save ourselves.

(N. Starshinov)

List of used literature

1. Danilyuk A.Ya. The concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the personality of a citizen of Russia / Danilyuk A.Ya.,. Kondakov A.M., Tishkov V.A. - M.: "Enlightenment", 2009

2. Divnogortseva S.Yu. Spiritual and moral education in the theory and experience of Orthodox pedagogical culture. - M.: Publishing House of PSTGU, 2008. - 240 p., 2009.