New Year for schoolchildren presentation. Presentation "New Year's History of the Holiday" - project, report. Santa Claus around the world
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A presentation on the topic "New Year's History of the Holiday" can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Subject of the project: MHK. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you keep your classmates or audience interested. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 22 slide(s).
Presentation slides
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history of the holiday
New Year
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Where did the custom of meeting New Year?
The history of this wonderful holiday has at least 25 centuries. This custom was first born in Mesopotamia (Mesopotamia). Here, as well as in the lower valley of the Nile, at the end of the 4th millennium BC, civilization was first born. It was here, according to scientists, for the first time (in the third millennium) they began to celebrate the New Year.
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During excavations of the ancient Egyptian pyramids, archaeologists found a vessel on which it was written: "The beginning of a new year." In ancient Egypt, the New Year was celebrated during the flood of the Nile River (around the end of September). The flood of the Nile was very important, because. it was only thanks to him that grain grew in the dry desert. On New Year's Eve, the statues of the god Amon, his wife, the sky goddess Mut, and their son, the moon god Khonsu, were placed in a boat. The boat sailed on the Nile for a month, which was accompanied by singing, dancing and fun. Then the statues were brought back to the temple.
Amon Khonsu Mut Ancient Egypt
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Ancient Rome
For a long time, the Romans celebrated the New Year in early March, until Julius Caesar introduced new calendar(currently called Julian). Thus, the date of the meeting of the New Year was the first day of January. The month of January was named after the Roman god Janus (two-faced). One face of Janus was allegedly turned back to the previous year, the other forward to the new one. The celebration of the meeting of the new year was called "kalends". During the holiday, people decorated houses and gave each other gifts and coins with the image of two-faced Janus; slaves and their owners ate and rejoiced together. The Romans made gifts to the emperor. At first, this happened voluntarily, but over time, the emperors began to demand gifts for the New Year.
Two-faced Janus
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The Celts, the inhabitants of Gaul (the territory of modern France and part of England) celebrated the new year at the end of October. The holiday was called Samhain from "summer" s end "(end of summer). On New Year's Eve, the Celts decorated their homes with mistletoe to exorcise ghosts. They believed that it was on New Year's Eve that the spirits of the dead were alive.
Celtic New Year
The Celts inherited many Roman traditions, including the requirement New Year's gifts from subjects. Usually they gave jewelry and gold. Several centuries later, thanks to this tradition, Queen Elizabeth I amassed a huge collection of embroidered and jeweled gloves.
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New Year in Rus'
In Rus', the New Year was celebrated on March 1. In the XIV century, the Moscow Church Council decided to consider September 1 as the beginning of the New Year according to the Greek calendar. The last time the New Year on September 1 was celebrated in Rus' with royal splendor was in 1698. Dressing everyone with an apple, the king calling everyone a brother, congratulated everyone on the New Year, on new happiness. In 1699, Peter I, returning from a trip to Europe, by a special decree, ordered “from now on to calculate the summer” from January 1: “Because in Russia they consider the New Year in different ways, from now on stop fooling people’s heads and count the New Year everywhere from the first January.
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HISTORY OF THE CHRISTMAS TREE
Christmas tree - an essential attribute winter holidays- also arrived in Russia along with Peter's reforms. However, the “foreigner” who arrived, although not immediately, took root in Russian land firmly - as if she had always grown here: from the branches that decorated the houses, a luxurious tree grew in a festive dress.
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By the middle of the 19th century, the winter beauty had become familiar to the townspeople, although such an “ancient folk custom” was not yet known in the villages. But this tree was not yet a New Year's tree - it was called Christmas and was decorated with toys, delicacies intended as gifts for guests, and candles, and an eight-pointed Christmas star - silver or gold - crowned its top. In Russian Orthodoxy, a tradition arose to decorate temples with coniferous branches during Christmas time (from the Nativity of Christ to Epiphany), the tree itself became a prototype of the tree of paradise with the fruits of knowledge and the Tree of the Cross, and evergreen needles - a symbol of immortality. However, not everyone remembered the symbolic side, and adults at Christmastime entertainment sometimes behaved worse than children ...
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The prototype of the modern Santa Claus was quite a real man. In the 4th century, Archbishop Nicholas lived in the Turkish city of Mira. It was very a kind person, and for the good deeds of Nicholas, after his death, he was declared a saint. But in the 11th century, the church where he was buried was robbed by pirates. They stole the remains of the saint and took them to their homeland. The parishioners of the Church of St. Nicholas were outraged. The story made so much noise that Nicholas became the object of reverence and worship of Christians from around the world.
In the Middle Ages, a custom was established: On Nicholas Day, December 19, to give gifts to children, just as the Saint did. After the introduction of the new calendar, the Saint began to come to the children at Christmas, and only then on the New Year. In England and America, this kind Saint is called Santa Claus (Saint Nicholas).
Father Frost
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The ancestor of our native Santa Claus is the East Slavic spirit of cold Treskun, Moroz, Studenets. More often, Frost preferred to have fun, crunching a snowball, tapping on the walls of houses, making travelers shiver from the cold (he especially liked to freeze those who were sitting in a sleigh wrapped in a fur coat, and those who ran on foot or waved an ax were not given to Frost so easily) . Frost appears in the same way in the literature of the 19th century. - Frost the Red Nose by Nekrasov and the old man Frost in Ostrovsky's The Snow Maiden.
When the New Year began to be celebrated in Russia, an old grandfather with a beard and felt boots began to appear in the houses. But then Santa Claus was not cheerful and good-natured. He had a bag in one hand and a stick in the other. Of course, he gave gifts, but only to smart and obedient children, the rest got a good blow with a stick. But the years went by, and Santa Claus grew kinder and aged, stopped giving out cuffs, but simply intimidated naughty children with scary tales.
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But at the end of the 19th century, he was dressed in a red fur coat trimmed with fur. What is he now? A little rough looking. He wears a long fur coat and a high hat, with a beard, in his hands he has a staff and a bag with gifts. Yes, and "grandfather" is called not just like that, but because he has a granddaughter.
Only our Grandfather Frost has a granddaughter Snegurochka and she was born in Russia. The Snow Maiden is a literary character. She appeared in 1873 and at first was called not the granddaughter of Santa Claus, but the daughter. This happened thanks to the play by Alexander Ostrovsky "The Snow Maiden", which he created on the basis of folk tale about a girl fashioned from snow and melted by the warm rays of the sun. Later, writers and poets turned her into a granddaughter. The image of the Snow Maiden is a symbol of frozen waters. This is a girl (not a girl) dressed only in white clothes. No other color in the traditional symbolism is allowed. Her headdress is an eight-pointed crown, embroidered with silver and pearls.
New Year's presentation New Year, Christmas, Old New Year.
Who doesn't love holidays? Especially New Year's! We remember the enchanting moment when the lights go out and Christmas tree lights come on - and the familiar world is transformed into a fairy tale, where miracles are about to happen and we find ourselves in a fairy-tale land of gnomes, wizards, dragons and castles in the air.
But we grow up and ask ourselves the question: why is it possible to celebrate the New Year in Russia ... three times? Name these three New Years: New Year - January 1; Christmas - January 7; Old New Year - January 14th.
The origin of holidaysWhat do you know about the origin of these holidays? When and why did they arise? How are they celebrated in Rus'?
New Year In the old days in Rus', the pagan New Year was celebrated on March 1, and only in the 15th century they gradually switched to celebrating the New Year in accordance with church tradition.
Decree of Peter the GreatBy decree of Peter the Great since 1700, January 1 became the New Year (thereby establishing the European custom of celebrating the New Year).
Decree of Peter the Great: “And as a sign of a good undertaking and a new centenary century, in the joy of each other, congratulate each other on the New Year. Along the noble and passable streets at the gates and houses, learn some decoration from trees and branches of pine, spruce and juniper, repair shooting from small cannons and guns, launch rockets, as many as anyone happens to, and light fires. »
Decree of the king The decree of the king ordered to celebrate this event especially solemnly. On New Year's Eve, Peter himself lit the first rocket on Red Square. Fires were lit along the large streets - bonfires and tarred bulls attached to poles. The festivities with the ringing of bells, cannon fire, the sounds of trumpets and timpani continued all night. The houses of the inhabitants of the capital were decorated with needles of trees and branches of spruce and pine. Since that time, the custom has been established annually on January 1 to celebrate the New Year and put a Christmas tree in the house.
Nativity of Christ“The holy night reigns over the world, the daily noise of worries has subsided” Over Russia, an exciting and joyful message is borne. In all churches they sing: “Thy Nativity, Christ God, rise up and reconcile the light of reason…” On January 7, the Russian Orthodox Church celebrates Christmas.
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Why is the Christmas holiday so revered by Christians? That night a new star lit up in the sky, announcing to the world the coming of the Savior of the human race - Jesus Christ. In Rus', on the eve of Christmas, Christmas trees were decorated in houses - a symbol of eternal renewing life. A star made of paper or wood was hung upstairs. She depicted the gospel star, which showed the Magi the way to the born Jesus.
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B. Pasternak They stood in the shade, as if in the twilight of a barn, Whispered, barely choosing words. Suddenly someone in the darkness, a little to the left From the manger with his hand pushed the sorcerer, And he looked back: from the threshold at the maiden, Like a guest, the star of Christmas looked.
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Celebration of Christmas in Russia In Rus', the people celebrated Christmas solemnly. On the first day after the service, young people, adults and even the elderly went to “praise Christ.” The children learned chants like this: “Hail the Magi, meet the saint, Christmas has come, we begin the celebration! The star goes with us, sings a prayer.
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Christian tradition Christmas was preceded by a long (40-day) fast, during which food was limited. On the day before Christmas, they did not eat anything until the appearance of the first star. In the old days, after its sunrise, the family gathered for prayer in front of the images. Then the elder in the house brought in a handful of straw. She was spread out on the table, covered with a tablecloth. In the evening they ate only vegetables and “kutya” (porridge). The more desirable were the delicacies that the hostesses cooked for the beginning of the festival.
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Christmas delicacies In the north - Russian provinces they made special cookies "kozulki" in the form of animal figures. They were made for children or displayed in windows. In the Nizhny Novgorod province, pastries from figurines were called "carols", in Ryazan - "oats". In Siberia, they sculpted "cheese" - frozen koloboks from cottage cheese. Such delicacies were placed in bags of congratulators. They gave gifts not only to the worshipers, they shared sweets with the poor, the sick.
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Christmas celebrationsParishioners invited friends and relatives to Christmas celebrations. Both old and young glorified the birth of Christ in the streets and crossroads. The children went from house to house with a painted paper Christmas star and a nativity scene, a box in the shape of the cave where Jesus was born. This custom appeared in the 16th - 17th centuries. in Little Russia. Children sang about the birth of the savior of the world, adding their own songs - carols. Adults gave the little Christoslavs money and pies.
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Christmas festivities On the streets, crowds of mummers danced and sang songs of "playful content." They were generously presented with sweets, and in gratitude they wished everyone health and well-being. Children swing on swings and ride boards - a common holiday fun. The people were especially amused by buffoons - songwriters, musicians, dancers and puppeteers.
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After New Year's Eve Usually, on the first day after Christmas night, as soon as the parents woke up, young people came to them with requests, the kids were waiting for New Year's gifts.
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Christmas Days "Christmas time, that is, holy days - 12 days from Christmas to Epiphany. They are also called holy evenings, perhaps in remembrance of the events of the Nativity and the Baptism of the Savior, which happened at night. The church began to sanctify 12 days after the feast of the Nativity of Christ from ancient times ... Meanwhile, the sanctity of these days and evenings was violated in many places by fortune-telling and other superstitious customs that survived from the pagan festivities of the same time of the year, ”the encyclopedic dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron explains so popularly.
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Christmas time began to be celebrated as early as 3 thousand years BC. ancient Sumerians, Chaldeans and Assyrians. The first 12 days at the beginning of the year were accompanied by noisy carnivals and mysteries. And the nights on the 8th and 11th days were devoted to fortune-telling. The Slavs called such mysteries - carols. The ritual of these days is playful, but once it had a magical character, aimed at making bread grow and cattle multiply, so that there would be prosperity in the house, and happiness in the family. Divination was the privilege of women.
Topic: The history of the holiday "New Year".
This activity can be done as Classroom hour, and extracurricular activity with elementary school students.
Goals: To acquaint children with the history of the emergence of the New Year holiday.
Develop students' curiosity.
Equipment: Presentation in Power Point, New Year's songs.
Lesson progress:
1. Organizational moment.
2.Updating knowledge. Setting the topic.- What holiday is the whole country preparing for? (New Year)
- What is the date according to which the calendar is considered the beginning of a new year. (1st of January)
3. A conversation about the history of the New Year holiday.
- New Year - a holiday celebrated by many peoples in accordance with the accepted calendar, coming at the time of transition from last day year on the first day next year. (1 slide)
- Try to guess riddles.
Light white blanket
It will cover the whole earth.
Forges everything with ice, decorates the Christmas tree.
And what is her name? ... (Winter) (2 slide)
I have gifts in my bag
Caramels, chocolates.
Round dance around the Christmas tree,
What holiday? ... (New Year) (3 slide)
- Guys, who among you knows whether the New Year was always celebrated on January 1 in our country?
- The beginning of the year on January 1 was established by the Roman ruler Julius Caesar in 46 BC. e. (4 slide)
- This day was dedicated to Janus - the god of choice, doors and all beginnings. The month of January got its name in honor of the god Janus, who was depicted with two faces: one looked forward and the other looked back. (5 slide)
Gregorian calendar
- Most countries celebrate the New Year on January 1, the first day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. (6 slide)
- The traditional Chinese New Year is timed to coincide with the winter new moon at the end of the full lunar cycle, which took place after winter solstice(that is, on the second new moon after December 21). In the Gregorian calendar, this corresponds to one of the days between January 21st and February 21st.
- Until the 15th century in Rus', the new year began not from January, as it is now, but from March (as in republican Ancient Rome) on the day spring equinox March 20 or 21 (depending on the year). Since the 15th century, the new year has begun on September 1st. (7 slide)
- Each year corresponds to a certain animal. The 12-year cycle begins with the year of the Rat, then the year of the Ox comes, then the year of the Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog and Boar. (8 slide)
- Since 1700, by decree of Peter I, the New Year in Russia is celebrated, as in other European countries, on January 1 (according to the Julian calendar). (9 slide)
- New Year's Eve is a very popular event in many countries. significant holiday. And it is accompanied by a variety of variety events, a feast, folk festivals. (10 slide)
Christmas tree.
- Guess the next riddle.
All dressed up in toys,
All in garlands and crackers.
Of course, this is ... (Yolka) (11 slide)
- New Year's Eve is a very significant holiday in many countries. And it is accompanied by a variety of variety events, a feast, folk festivals. According to tradition, a Christmas tree is set up in the house.
- What toys decorate the Christmas tree? (12 slide)
New Year's table.
- When meeting the New Year, close people gather at the table. (13-14 slides)
- At 0 hours 0 minutes on January 1, the chimes strike. (15 slides)
- Let's listen to the chimes.
- With the first strike of the chimes, which marks the arrival of the new year, it is customary to clink glasses of champagne and make a wish. (16 slide)
- What gifts would you like to receive for the New Year? In the New Year it is customary to give gifts. (17 slide)
Father Frost.
Congratulations on the new year
All boys and girls.
And he gives us gifts
There they are: they are in a bag.
He is kind and bearded
Red nose from cold.
Who is he, tell the children,
Loudly, together: (Santa Claus) (18 slide)
- Santa Claus is a fairy-tale character of East Slavic folklore. In Slavic mythology - the personification winter frosts, a blacksmith who binds water.
- On New Year's Eve, Santa Claus comes and gives gifts to children, which he brings in a bag behind his back. Often depicted in a blue, silver or red fur coat embroidered with patterns, in a hat (and not in a cap), with a long white beard and a staff in his hand, in felt boots. He rides a troika of horses, skis or walks. (19 slide)
- The very first Santa Claus was Saint Nicholas. When he left, he left golden apples in a slipper in front of the fireplace to the poor family that sheltered him. (20 slide)
- Santa Claus has a granddaughter - Snegurochka (21 slide)
Pyrotechnics.
- When celebrating the New Year, a variety of pyrotechnic products are actively used: firecrackers, Bengal candles and, in the last decade, fireworks, rockets, Roman candles, firecrackers large and small, etc. Currently, many capitals of the world or even individual countries spend millions of dollars to arrange a pyrotechnic show for the New Year. (22 slide)
Traditions around the world.(23 slide)
- In England, in addition to the Christmas tree, the house is decorated with mistletoe sprigs. Bouquets of mistletoe are even on lamps and chandeliers. And according to custom, you can kiss a person standing in the middle of the room under a bunch of mistletoe. (24 slide)
- In Italy, on New Year's Eve, it is customary to get rid of old things. (25 slide)
- In Sweden, before the New Year, children choose the queen of light, Lucia. She is dressed up in White dress, a crown with lit candles is put on the head. Lucia brings gifts to children and treats to pets: a cat - cream, a dog - a sugar bone, a donkey - carrots. (26 slide)
- In France, Santa Claus - Pere Noel - comes to new year's eve and leaves gifts in children's shoes. The one who gets the bean baked in the New Year's cake receives the title of "bean king", and on a festive night everyone obeys his orders. Wooden or clay figurines - santons - are placed near the Christmas tree. (27 slide)
- In Mexico, the New Year is celebrated with the fire of festive fireworks, firing from rocket launchers, ringing of special New Year's bells. And children are handed delicious gingerbread dolls at midnight. (28 slide)
- In Japan, bells ring 108 times on New Year's Eve. Each stroke of the bell corresponds to one of the vices. There are six of them in total: greed, stupidity, anger, frivolity, indecision and envy, however, each vice has 18 different shades, which is 108 in total. (29 slide)
- In Spain, it is customary to eat 12 grapes at midnight. (30 slide)
Old New Year.(31 slides)
- Old New Year is a holiday celebrated in accordance with the New Year according to the Julian calendar (now on the night of January 13-14). It is celebrated in Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Serbia, Switzerland and some other countries.
4. Summing up.
Now let's check how well you listened today.
Crossword.(32 slide)
1. What is Santa Claus called in France?
2. Who in 1700 issued an order to celebrate the New Year?
3. On the night of January 13-14, what holiday is celebrated?
4. Who established the beginning of the year on January 1?
5. "The end of the year and the beginning of winter!"
- So the riddle was given to me.
6. Granddaughter of Santa Claus?
7. In which country is it customary to eat 12 grapes at midnight?
8. In which country do delicious gingerbread dolls are given to children on New Year's Eve?
Reflection.
Song " Christmas toys"(author Alexander Metzger) (slide 33)
Presentation on the topic: History of the holiday "New Year"
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Slides captions:
The prototype of Santa Claus is St. Nicholas, a good miracle worker and a persecutor of evil. A long time ago, the priest Nikolai lived in the Turkish city of Mira. According to legend, he was a very kind person. So, once he saved three sisters from a poor family by throwing a bundle of gold into the window of their house. After the death of Nicholas, he was declared a saint, and soon believers from many countries of the world began to revere him. Everywhere the good old man is called differently: in Spain - Papa Noel, in England and America - Santa Claus, in France - Santa January, in Germany - Mr. Nimand (Nobody), in Cyprus - Vasily, and in our country - Santa Claus . The modern Santa Claus appeared in the United States recently, in 1822, when Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem "The Coming of St. Nicholas." There is a magical Christmas night, and a chimney on the roof through which Santa Claus comes, and shoes or stockings by the hearth, and a huge bag of toys. Russian Father Frost - Grandfather Cracker - has pagan roots. This is a tough character. From November to March, Santa Claus was the master on earth, whom even the Sun was afraid of. Santa Claus was married to the furious Winter. Ancient people were afraid of natural phenomena, because they could not explain them, and therefore worshiped them. Santa Claus has a granddaughter - the Snow Maiden. She is afraid of the sun, beautiful and a little sad. Modern Santa Claus lives in Veliky Ustyug, he answers letters from children
The New Year should be celebrated as cheerfully as possible for both children and adults. It is customary to give gifts, dance around Christmas tree. On the eve, you should clean your home of unnecessary things, rubbish, thereby getting rid of old problems, troubles, ailments. It is necessary to enter the New Year, by all means putting on new thing. The tradition of throwing away old unnecessary things on New Year's Eve is also in Italy. The Italians throw out trash defiantly, through open windows. In Vietnam, on New Year's Eve, families gather in parks, cook festive food and forget quarrels. In ancient China, it was a feast for the poor, when anyone could enter the house and take what they need. And if the owner of the house refuses him, then those around him will turn away from him. In modern China, the New Year is a festival of lanterns. It comes in January-February and is associated with the end of winter and the onset of spring. With the light of lanterns they see off cold and bad weather, they meet warmly. The men perform the dragon dance. In Korea, young, beautiful dressed women make board jumps. There is another tradition - to celebrate the New Year and Christmas at a smartly decorated Christmas tree. This custom is associated with the cult of greenery in ancient times, believing that it will bring health and happiness in the coming year.
On New Year's Eve They say: on New Year's Eve Whatever you wish - Everything will always happen, Everything will always come true.
Even the guys can have all their wishes come true, You just need, they say, Make an effort.
Do not be lazy, do not yawn And have patience, And do not consider learning For your torment.
They say: on New Year's Eve Whatever you wish - Everything will always happen, Everything will always come true.
How can we not make a modest wish - To "perfectly" complete School assignments.
So that the students began to study in this way, So that the deuce could not get into the diaries! S. Mikhalkov
Winter guest We will not meet him in the spring, He will not come in the summer either, But in winter He comes to our children every year.
He has a bright blush, a beard like white fur, Interesting gifts He will cook for everyone.
Congratulating the New Year, He will light the magnificent Christmas tree, Amusing the children, Will stand with us in a round dance.
We greet him amicably, We are great friends with him ... But you cannot give this Guest hot tea!
A. Usachev WHERE DOES THE NEW YEAR COME FROM? New Year flies from the sky? Or coming from the forest? Or the New Year crawls out of a snowdrift?
He probably lived like a snowflake On some star Or hid like a fluff In Frost's beard...
Maybe he climbed into the refrigerator, Or to the squirrel in the hollow, Or into the old alarm clock He climbed under the glass?
But there is always a miracle: The clock strikes twelve - And no one knows where The New Year comes to us!
Did you know that... The song "A Christmas tree was born in the forest" is over 100 years old! In 1903, Princess Raisa Adamovna Kudasheva (she was a teacher, children's poet and librarian) composed the poem "Yolka". It was published in the Christmas issue of the children's magazine Malyutka. And after 2 years, amateur composer Leonid Karlovich Beckman (an agronomist by profession) composed a song for his daughter on the words of this poem. He did not know how to read music, and his wife, Elena Alexandrovna Bekman-Shcherbina, recorded the notes of the song. When writing the song, the text was greatly reduced, and this is the same text that we have been singing at the New Year holidays for more than a century.
Competition "Do you know the alphabet?" The ranks for speed line up according to the first letter in the name, then according to the first letter in the surname. Contest options: Line up by shoe size (from largest to smallest. Line up by birthday numbers (from 1st to 31st), you can also offer to line up by month of birth. Line up by eye (hair) color from the lightest to the darkest, etc.
Contest "What's in Santa's bag?" Name as many winter-themed words starting with "C" as possible.
Snowflake, snow, icicles, snowfall, snowballs, snowman, snowdrift, snowmobile, snow scooter, sled, sled, cold, Snow Maiden, Santa Claus...
Frosty Breath Competition. Two participants blow their snowflake off the table (from one end to the other).
Competition "Clean up in the hut near Frost". Which team will be the fastest to collect matches scattered on the floor in their box?
Contest "Telegram to Santa Claus". Who walks to school like a merry gang every day? - It's me, it's me, it's all my friends. - Which of you, say aloud, catches flies at the lesson? - It's me, ... - Who is not afraid of frost, flies like a bird on skates? - It's me, ... - Who of you, as he grows up, will only go to astronauts? - It's me, ... - Which of you does not walk gloomy, loves sports and physical education? - It's me... - Which of you, so good, went sunbathing in galoshes? - It's me... - Who does his homework right on time? - It's me... - Which of you keeps books, pens and notebooks in order? - It's me, ... - Which of you, from the kids, walks dirty to the ears? - It's me... - Which one of you walks upside down on the pavement? - It's me, ... - Which of you, I want to know, with diligence on the "five"? - It's me... - Which of you comes to class an hour late? - It's me, ...
Competition "Snowflake" - cut for speed and beauty
Competition "New Year's menu". TROT - RITSAKU - LASTA - ZHONOEMORE - TOSHKAKAR - BARS - POTKOM - APUSTAK - OTLETK -
- cake - chicken - salad - ice cream - potatoes - fish - compote - cabbage - cutlet
Competition "Artist" Draw Santa Claus to the whole class with eyes closed
Competition "Compositor" Compose words from the word SNOW MAIDEN
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Success in life and work, What more could you wish for? Oh yes! Smiles and fun, And do not lose heart for a whole year!slide 2
New Year is a holiday celebrated by many nations in accordance with the accepted calendar, coming at the moment of transition from the last day of the year to the first day of the next year. The custom of celebrating the New Year already existed in Mesopotamia in the third millennium BC. e. The beginning of the year on January 1 was established by the Roman ruler Julius Caesar in 46 BC. e.
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One of calendar holidays. Until the 15th century (perhaps also before the adoption of Christianity) in Rus', the new year began on March 1 according to the Julian calendar. In 1348, a Council was held in Moscow, at which it was supposed to start the year from September, and not from March. From the 15th century, the new year began on September 1, information about the celebration of the New Year appears from the end of the 15th century. The Paris Dictionary of the Muscovites (XVI century) retained the Russian name for the New Year's holiday: the first day of the year. Since 1700, by decree of Peter I, the New Year in Russia is celebrated, as in other European countries, on January 1 (according to the Julian calendar).
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In China, the traditional New Year is timed to coincide with the winter new moon at the end of the full lunar cycle, which took place after the winter solstice. In the Gregorian calendar, this corresponds to one of the days between January 21st and February 21st. However, the traditional calendar is rarely used, and the country first celebrates the New Year on January 1, and then the traditional one. Chinese New Year 2012 occurs at midnight on the day that falls on the second, not the first, new moon after the winter solstice.
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The Jewish holiday Rosh Hashanah (Hebrew ראש השנה) - (head of the year) is celebrated 163 days after Pesach (not earlier than September 5 and not later than October 5). On this day, a ten-day period of spiritual self-deepening and repentance begins. The next 10 days until the Day of Judgment (Yom Kippur - Hebrew יום כיפור) are called the "days of teshuva" ("return" - meaning return to God). They are also called "days of remorse" or "days of trembling." .
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Congratulations on the New Year And with all my heart I wish Laughter, a joke, without worries Meet this New Year. Happy New Year, I wish you happiness and joy. For a whole year you do not get sick, Every day you sing songs.
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Name, guys, The month in this riddle: Its days are shorter than all days, All nights are longer than nights. On the fields and on the meadows Until spring, snow fell. Only our month will pass, We celebrate the New Year. Pinches ears, pinches nose, Frost crawls into felt boots. If you splash water, it will fall. Not water already, but ice. Even the bird does not fly, The bird freezes from the frost. The sun turned to summer. What, say, for a month is this?
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Time new year holidays- this is the time of a beautiful, kind fairy tale that comes to every home at the end of each year with the onset of winter cold. But we also want to believe in Santa Claus and the Snow Maiden, who will definitely, someday, come to our house.
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The tradition of celebrating the New Year with a Christmas tree appeared in Russia under Peter I. In 1699, he issued a decree by which he introduced a new chronology - from the Nativity of Christ, and ordered the New Year to be celebrated in a European way - on January 1. By royal decree, all residents of Moscow were ordered to celebrate the New Year's Eve: light bonfires on New Year's Eve, set off fireworks, congratulate each other, decorate houses with coniferous trees.
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Santa Claus is a fairy tale character in Russian folklore. In Slavic mythology - the personification of winter frosts, a blacksmith who binds water. The collective image of Santa Claus is based on the hagiography of St. Nicholas, as well as descriptions of the ancient Slavic deities Pozvizd, Zimnik and Korochun. In the new year, Santa Claus allegedly comes and gives children gifts that he brings in a bag behind his back.