How to tie a long men's scarf. Men's scarf

Here you will learn everything you need to know about tying scarves.

How to tie a men's scarf

Well hello fellow fashion lover. If you decided to go into this topic, it is because often, on the streets, you could not help but pay attention to men in scarves. A scarf is not only a way to protect your neck from the wind, but also an attribute of a fashion-conscious man. Therefore, when looking at a passing man in a scarf in warm weather, wait a moment to twirl your finger at your temple. Most likely you don’t know everything about scarves and OFFICEPLANKTON is ready to help.

What you need to know about wearing scarves:

1 Keep it simple and remember that a scarf is primarily worn for comfort, so tie the scarf in a way that makes you feel comfortable.

2 Methods of tying a scarf depend on the length and size of the scarf.

3 A scarf is not a tie. There is no need to tie it like a noose.

4 If you are not a show business star, then do not forget that a scarf primarily protects your throat from hypothermia, and fashion comes in second place.

Method No. 1-DRAPE

A drape is a scarf tied without knots. The easiest way to wear a scarf, and it is also very easy to tie: you just put the scarf around your neck and wear it without tying it. That's all.

There is no benefit to the neck from wearing it this way, except aesthetically. Drape allows you to dilute your image with other colors. The main thing is not to overdo it. Drape goes under a coat, to a suit and to a sports jacket.

Method number 2 - ASKOT

Of all the ways to tie a scarf, the ascot is the most beautiful. Like Drape, it is easy to tie, the main thing you need to decide in advance is whether you are going to wear the “bud” high or low? The ascot will not only cover your neck from the wind, but will also give it a little freedom.

How to tie an ascot:

You put the scarf on your shoulders, take the two ends, knit and adjust the knot. Make sure that the scarf does not put pressure on your neck.

Method number 3 - ONE REVOLUTION

Stylish, and fulfills its main function - protects and warms the neck.

How to tie:

Wrap the scarf around your neck so that the 2 ends hang freely in front (as shown in the image).

Method number 4 - TWO TURNS

A variation of the previous point. Suitable for especially cold days.

How to tie:

2 turns around the neck, leaving 2 ends hanging in front.

Method No. 5 - PARISIAN (FRENCH) KNOT

The French or Parisian knot is considered the most popular way to tie a scarf, and most importantly, it’s easy to do. At the end of the mating, a large and beautiful “bud” is obtained, which serves as a decoration and will protect the neck from the wind.

How to tie:

Fold the scarf in half. We insert 2 ends into the loop.

What do you know about scarves? Typically, it is a piece of fabric, approximately 10 centimeters wide and 70 centimeters long, made to wrap around the neck. The fabric can be of any composition, from synthetic fleece to natural cashmere. In our country, many men still consider a scarf to be more of a women's accessory than a man's. But this is not entirely true, and in this article I will try to dispel prejudices and tell you not only how to tie a scarf for a man, but also why it is worth wearing it not only in cold winter.

For many centuries, a scarf could serve as a badge of honor in both peace and war. Starting from the warriors of the Terracotta Army of Great China, ending with sailors and pilots, they all wore a headscarf or scarf. Some as a sign of distinction from other classes, and others for protection from inclement weather. Obviously, a scarf is far from being a feminine accessory that you should be ashamed of.

Still, why wear a scarf?

Protective function - simply put, the scarf perfectly protects the throat and neck from wind and cold. A thick wool or cashmere scarf can keep you warm in the harsh winter, while a thin, lightweight linen scarf can protect you from the sun or sand (if you happen to be heading to a sandy area).

Style – A scarf or shawl will add a strong element of style to your look, especially when you can match the scarf to the color and type of fabric. Of course, you can wear a scarf on the street and this will surprise few people today, but some creative people They also like to wear a scarf indoors, emphasizing their individuality.

Types of scarves

There are a large number of types of scarves: bandanas, shawls, scarves, round scarves, thin and long scarves, and so on. The choice is up to you and your style. Everything is simple here.

As a rule, the width of the scarf varies from 15 to 35 cm, and the length from 120 to 230 cm. For a person of normal height 160-180 cm, a scarf no longer than 180 cm is suitable, otherwise you will have to wrap the scarf several times around the neck.

Material – Scarves are usually made from wool, cashmere, angora, cotton, linen, silk, synthetic materials like fleece, and various combinations. The material and weave of the scarf (if it is knitted) determines which knots can be used to tie the scarf around the neck.

How to determine whether a scarf is male or female?

Today, most scarves and scarves are still not intended for men. As a rule, the choice women's scarves and there are many times more scarves, and those made for men periodically raise doubts: are they made for men?! So, here are the points by which you can determine a man’s scarf or a women’s one:

Any leopard print scarf, pink or shade, purple, light blue and other “delicate” colors can be classified as FEMININE.
Any scarf or handkerchief that is worn with a pin or button is a WOMEN'S scarf.
Scarf from fine yarn, transparent or super light, whatever function it has – a WOMEN’S scarf.
A scarf or scarf made of thick woolen thread and large knitting, which can be wrapped almost like a blanket - a WOMEN'S scarf.
A scarf with additional elements, such as pompons, tassels, multi-colored threads here and there - a WOMEN'S scarf.
A scarf with embroidery in the form of birds, dogs, cats, and so on - WOMEN'S scarf.

How to tie a scarf for a man

General rules

We need to be simpler. Tie and wear the scarf at your own convenience, not for anyone else. Different lengths and the width of the scarf may limit the knot options a man can use to tie a scarf.

A scarf is not a tie. Do not tighten the scarf tightly, but keep it loose. Function comes first, fashion comes second. Not the other way around.

So, here are 6 main options for how to tie a scarf for a man:

"Paris" or "French" knot

The French knot is quite simple and easy to tie, while at the same time it looks quite stylish and fashionable. This knot retains heat well and can be tied over the collar of a jacket or coat, which makes it somewhat universal for business or business occasions. The main requirement for a scarf is length. It should be as large as possible.

How to tie a scarf with a French knot - diagram

How to tie a scarf: Fold the scarf in half, then place the scarf behind your neck, holding one end in each hand. The folded ends are then threaded through the resulting loop and tightened to achieve a comfortable and tight fit.

Wrap once

One of simple ways how to tie a scarf for a man. There are no special requirements for the scarf; any average scarf will do. Great for cold winters because... There are no gaps left where cold air can penetrate.

How to tie a scarf by wrapping it once - diagram

How to tie a scarf: Take a scarf or handkerchief and wrap it once around your neck, leaving both ends dangling at the bottom.

Just throw on a scarf (drape)

A rather elegant and stylish way to wear a scarf is to simply drape it around your neck without tying it. This method is suitable for autumn or spring weather, when the temperature does not fall below +7 - +5 degrees above zero. Great for a suit or jacket, as well as a jumper or cardigan with V-neck.

How to tie a scarf: Simply drape the scarf around your neck and, if necessary, tuck the ends inside your jacket along the line of the jacket lapels.

Ascot knot

Tying a scarf with an Ascot knot is quite simple, and at the same time, such a knot looks very stylish. The only difficulty is choosing the length of the hanging end on the face of the knot. Usually, the Ascot knot is not tightened too much and gives some promiscuity, relating this knot more to the style and image of a man than to the function of warming the scarf.

How to tie a scarf: Take a scarf or scarf and place it over your shoulders. Cross both ends of the scarf and fold inward the end that is under the top. Next, you should adjust the knot so that it does not choke you, but also does not hang around your chest.

In the style of an artist

The following method of tying a scarf will help a man look stylish. Lots of creative and stylish people They like to tie a scarf, leaving one end in front and throwing the other behind the back. This method is not suitable for a cold winter, but it will look great at a party or creative evening.

How to tie a scarf: Place the scarf over your shoulders and place one end of the scarf behind your back.

Double wrap

This way of tying a scarf will help a man survive any inclement weather. You won't be afraid of cold wind or severe frost if you wrap the scarf around your neck twice. However, this method will require a very long scarf, at least 150-170 cm.

How to tie a scarf: Place the scarf over your shoulders, with one end at chest level, and wrap the other end around your neck twice, covering all exposed areas of your neck. To secure the ends, secure them between the layers of the scarf.

Finally

I would like to note that it will not be difficult for a man to learn how to tie a scarf using illustrated diagrams. I have presented 6 of the most common and not very complicated ways to tie a scarf so that you have the opportunity to show your individuality and highlight your own style.

As in clothing, a scarf can belong to one or another dress code, depending on the material, shape and knitting method. However, there are not as many subtleties here as with a suit or, for example, shoes.

As always, I wish you more experiments and hope that after reading the article, you will not have any more questions about whether a man should wear a scarf or not, as well as how to tie it around his neck. Good luck!

In the wardrobe of a modern man, a scarf is an important attribute. After all, they not only insulate the neck, but are also used as an accessory.

With the help of a scarf you can emphasize your style, image, mood. Just a few years ago, men wore only strict, laconic models and did not allow themselves anything bright and unusual.

But those days are gone, now there are many options for scarves, mufflers, and men's scarves in a variety of colors and styles.

Let's tell you in more detail how to beautifully tie a men's scarf.

Kinds

The modern scarf is distinguished by a variety of types and therefore can be worn under almost any clothing, from a business suit to a summer urban option. Well, of course, scarves can be men's, women's and universal.

Most popular models:

Classic rectangular.
Muffler.
Stole.
Arafatka.
Handkerchief.
Snood.
Clamp.
Scarf hoodie.
Fur version of the scarf.

Now more details...

The variety of men's scarves is described in the video:

Classic rectangular

Standard sizes of this accessory:

length - 150-180 cm;
width – 25 -60 cm.

Such models are usually sewn from silk, wool or cashmere; they are considered lightweight and are intended to be worn in the warm season (very early, cool summer, spring).

Muffler

This model has two sides. It is made from two strips of fabric and is a must-have part of a classic men's wardrobe. The main difference between mufflers is that only strict, laconic colors and patterns are allowed here.

Flashy accessories (rhinestones, bright embroidery or print) are not allowed here.

Stole

A men's stole is also a very common part of a modern man's wardrobe and differs only in length and width:

The stole is wider, which means that it can be folded two or even three times along its length.
In addition, the stole is much longer than a regular scarf, which increases the number of knot options that can be tied.

Warm wool model

Warm, soft and cozy are the most appropriate definitions for a knitted men's scarf. At the same time, this model is not for business meetings and negotiations.

This is rather an informal option, suitable for walks, relaxation, trips and informal meetings.

Arafatka

One of the favorite youth accessories. It’s hard to imagine a young guy from a big city who has never worn an arafat.

By the way, arafatka is a checkered scarf that can be worn by both men and women.

The popular scarf got its name from the Arab leader Yasser Arafat. This is exactly the accessory that Eastern men wear, but as a headdress. It is usually made of cotton fabric with a characteristic checkered pattern.

Handkerchief

An original and interesting detail of a modern male image.

Basically, such an accessory is made made of silk or satin and is an element of informal clothing style. This suggests that in business style a neckerchief is excluded.

Snood

The model that is used as winter version. Distinctive feature- ends connected in a figure eight. Mainly worn over a coat or other outerwear, it looks voluminous and attractive.

Stylist advice: If you are wearing voluminous scarf over a jacket or coat, avoid other flashy elements.

This accessory should be the only bright accent in your look.

How to put on a snood for men is described in the video:

collar

This is a wide scarf, the ends of which are connected, but not in a figure eight, but straight. It represents a closed ring. The second name of the accessory is “pipe”.

Hoodie

A most interesting option. It is a kind of mixture of a scarf and a hood. It is usually worn in winter over a jacket or down jacket.

This model is usually made of wool with a small addition of synthetics so that the item keeps its shape.

Made from fur

It is usually made from brown mink or black fox. The option is quite extravagant and requires special attention when creating an image.

This element is perfect for a winter fur jacket or shearling jacket, an insulated cashmere coat, as well as fur coats and sheepskin coats.

How is it different from women's?

Men's and women's fashion have long been intertwined and have become almost inseparable from each other. Unisex has firmly entered into life, and creating incongruous things is possible and even necessary. Of course, the male and female images still retain their own characteristics, but the line between them is becoming increasingly blurred.

What to do when choosing a scarf? How to determine whether the model in front of you is male or female?

There are several distinctive features of purely women's scarves. When purchasing products for yourself, you will never get into trouble if you pay attention to the six signs that distinguish a men's product from a women's one.

Six differences:

If the product is decorated with a leopard, tiger or other similar print, it is definitely a female model.
Pink, soft blue, bright lilac colors are definitely only for women.
A scarf, scarf or stole equipped with a button or brooch is intended for the fair half of humanity.
A very thin product made of yarn, silk or chiffon or other transparent fabric - intended for ladies. And regardless of color and purpose.
Additional decorations (tassels, pompons, bright fringe, rhinestones, sequins, etc.) are signs of a women's accessory.
Drawings such as flowers, animals, birds, etc. – intended for women only.

Attention!Men's scarf– this is, first of all, practicality and conciseness and only then aesthetics.

How to tie it around the neck correctly?

Ascot

A classic option for all occasions, extremely simple to implement. To do this, simply tie a scarf, straighten the outer fabric, and hide the ends.

For a formal occasion, a laconic brooch would be appropriate.

Tourniquet

To perform this, a scarf or handkerchief should be twisted into a rope, thrown around the neck and tied in front with two knots.

Classic knot

The tan should be folded into a strip no more than 10 cm wide, draped around the neck and tied in front. The knot should look somewhat careless.

Attention! This option is suitable for Casual style.

Cowboy style

How to tie:

To do this, drape the garment over your neck (ends in front), cross the ends and throw them back, then tie them.
The wide part is located in the front, it should be lush and voluminous. Very comfortable for cold weather.

Tie a scarf over your coat or jacket and you will feel comfortable at any temperature.

Parisian style

To do this, you need to fold the product in half, then hang it around your neck, take both ends and thread them into the loop that has formed.

It is highly desirable that the scarf be as long as possible, then you will look more elegant.

In addition, this option is well suited for cold weather, retains heat and allows you to stay outside for a long time.

One turn

To do this, you need to place the scarf on your shoulders so that one part is about one and a half times longer than the second. Wrap the part that is longer once and return it to its original place (both ends are in the front).

Absolutely any model is suitable for this method, regardless of length and quality.

Drapery

To do this, just throw the scarf around your neck without tying it.

Reference! Pairs perfectly with classic suits and coats.

If desired, the ends can be hidden or placed along the lapels of the coat.

Artist's style

To do this, hang the scarf around your neck and throw one end behind your back.

This tying method looks very stylish, but is not suitable for cold weather, rain or wind.

It would be much more appropriate at a creative evening or party.

Twice

How to make: the scarf is on the neck, one end is at chest level, the other is wrapped around the neck in two turns (ends in front), or hidden.

This method is perfect for cold weather.

Option for celebrations

The scarf is draped around the neck and the ends are secured with a special ring.

Attention! Do not confuse a scarf with a tie; this item of clothing does not require strong tightening or strict lines.

Watch the video that shows how to beautifully tie a men's scarf:

What to wear with such an elegant wardrobe item? the best options will be: a classic or denim shirt (it should be unbuttoned at the top by one button), polo, jumper or formal suit. For outerwear, a classic black coat is best.

Models with a tap hole, stripes, polka dots or paisley look most advantageous. Also, geometric print is always relevant.

Additional accessories play a very important role here. the right combination elements of the image.

Sometimes the weather can be deceiving and, on a seemingly sunny day, a cold wind suddenly blows down your neck. In order to be able to resist, men will need to wear a scarf. They are often made from a thick or patterned piece of fabric designed to be wrapped around the neck. However, not everyone knows how to beautifully tie a scarf for a man, despite the long history of their use in men's wardrobe.

The main function of a scarf remains to protect the neck. Thick wool ones keep you warm in winter, while light linen ones help protect your neck from the sun and sand. They can add a strong element of style, especially when they add color to everyday clothing.

When tied correctly, a scarf can add charm to a person and also add volume to an ensemble. Although the scarf was originally worn during the winter months, it can also come in handy on rainy, windy days, at the beach, or to protect against frosty air from the air conditioner.

Parisian knot

To figure out how to fashion a scarf for men in the French style, you just need to tie it with a French knot. It's quick and easy to make and makes a large, warm knot that is worn right on the collar of a coat or jacket, making it a good windbreaker. It is better to choose a long scarf model; you should also not take a scarf that is too thick, since the end knot may be too large.

You need to fold it in half in the middle so that the ends touch each other. Hold the double bend in one hand and wrap the remaining ends around your neck. Then wrap them through the bend and pull. Adjust if necessary. The ends of the scarf can be worn either inside or outside a coat or jacket, depending on how much of a focal point you want the scarf to take up.

Important! When choosing a Parisian knot for wearing a scarf, it is better to avoid the tightness of outerwear; it is better to keep the coat or jacket open.

Ascot Knot

One of the simplest scarf knots a man can wear. The only difficulty is figuring out how high or low to wear it. It usually hangs with a little movement around the neck, so this style is more functional.

To tie it, you need to take a scarf and place it on your shoulders. Then tie both ends of the scarf “over and under” as if it were a giant pair of strings. Adjust the front side until it is smooth and tighten closer to the neck.

Expert opinion

Helen Goldman

Male stylist-image maker

If a man plans to wear it inside a blazer, then he should invest in a silk scarf.

Double wrap

This is a cold weather option and works great for a really long, thin scarf.

To tie it, you need to wrap a long scarf around your neck twice, leaving two short ends hanging in front.

Important! This style is the best way wear light scarf in summer on a T-shirt, tank top or cardigan.

Single wrap

Wrapping a scarf like this perfectly keeps your neck warm; you can use products from middle length to long scarves. You need to take the scarf and wrap it once around your neck, leaving two edges hanging freely.

Artist

This style maximizes the movement of the scarf. There is no knot here, just a slight drape around the neck that leaves one end shorter than the other. More long end The scarf is thrown over the neck and hangs over the opposite shoulder. If the scarf is too long, wrap it around your neck once before placing it over your shoulder. This style conveys the activity and mobility of a man.

other methods

It is equally important to figure out how to fashionably tie a man’s scarf with a fake knot. As the name suggests, he uses a little deception to get what he wants. appearance. This knot looks best with a patterned scarf or a scarf with a thicker weave. Here you can use a medium-length product without any problems. Hang the scarf around your neck, with one end twice as long as the other. Tie a loose knot near the end of the long side of the scarf, leaving 30 - 45 cm at the end. Tighten the knot a little and pull the short edge through it, after which it should be tightened.

A reverse scarf is a great option for colder weather as it provides more neck protection. Place the scarf around your neck, making sure both ends are the same length. You should take one end of the scarf and bring it over your neck and opposite shoulder, then do the same with the other side so that both edges hang neatly down your back. Adjust if necessary.

To tie a scarf with a Four in Hand knot, you need to fold it in half, wrap it around your neck with a loop on one side, and the two ends on the other. Pull one end through the loop. Then tighten the loop and pass the other end through a new loop near the neck. Tighten both ends and adjust.

“Loop and fold”: you need to take the scarf and hang it around your neck, both ends should be the same length and hang down your back. Then roll them over your opposite shoulders, wrapping them around your neck so that they now hang in front. Then pass the two ends under the fold of the scarf that goes around the front of your neck, tying them together and then letting them hang down.

The most popular way to tie a men's scarf

This type is drape - the most elementary way of tying a scarf. This way of wearing a scarf is perfect for those who don't like anything wrapped around their neck but still want to stay warm.

Back in the 19th century, women understood that a scarf was not only an element of clothing that could protect against the cold, but also a successful accessory that complemented the image. But the strong half of humanity used this accessory somewhat differently. From times in China to sailors, they all wore a scarf or headscarf. Some for the purpose of distinguishing themselves from another class, others as protection from bad weather. The scarf has long ceased to be an exclusively female accessory. That is why every modern man needs to know how to wear a men's scarf correctly.

Why should a man wear a scarf?

Modern living conditions place us within certain limits. That is why for most dudes the desire to look stylish and at the same time “warm” has increased several times. Practical and stylish young people take scarves from the shelves with the onset of cold weather. And for good reason! Warm, knitted, cashmere or wool... The main thing: look your best and stay warm.

Today, a scarf not only performs a protective function, but is also part of your stylish look. Especially when you manage to choose a scarf by color and type of fabric. Moreover, creative people found their benefit in this universal accessory - to emphasize their individuality.

Types of scarves

Bandana, arafatka, scarf, round scarf, thin, long - this is not the entire list of types that belong to the category of men's scarf. How to wear such things? Everything is very simple.

Typically, the width of the scarf is from 15 to 35 cm, and the length is from 120 to 230 cm. If you are between 160 cm and 180 cm tall, you must wear a scarf whose length will not exceed 180 cm. Otherwise, you will have to wrap the scarf several times around your neck .

The choice of materials from which scarves are made is also extensive. Typically, wool, cashmere, angora, cotton, linen and silk are used. Often designers pay attention to synthetic materials(fleece). Material and weaving knitted scarf“dictates” the knot on which the accessory can be tied.

Female or male: how to determine?

Women's scarf or men's? How to wear? The questions are really relevant, because today things in the “unisex” category are becoming more and more common. There are unspoken rules that will help determine the “gender” of a scarf:

Leopard print, all shades of pink, purple and “delicate” color shades can be safely classified as women's scarves.
If a scarf or handkerchief must be worn with a button or pin, then we can definitely say that the scarf is feminine.
Thin yarn, or mega-light yarn - all these are signs of a women's scarf.
A scarf/scarf made of very thick woolen thread with large knitting, which is huge in size, also belongs to the scarf for women.
Any type of embroidery on scarf fabric (birds, dogs, cats, etc.) can only be on a women's scarf.

The main thing is technique

The simpler the better! This is the main rule that a man should follow when wearing a scarf. Feel free to tie and wear this unique accessory in a way that suits you. After all, this is not an office tie. There is no point in tying it tightly. There are 6 classic options tying a scarf for a man:

"French" knot.

Easy, simple and stylish! This knot perfectly protects your neck from the cold. You need to tie it over the collar of your outerwear. This scarf configuration is suitable for both business and casual style. The main thing to consider is the length. The longer, the more impressive it will look.

Turnover 1 time

The easiest way for a man to wear a scarf is to wrap it once around his neck. A universal method that is suitable for cold autumn or winter. After all, this way there will be no gaps for cold air to penetrate. Warm and stylish at the same time!

Drapery

It is elegant and stylish to throw a scarf around your neck without tying it. This method is only suitable for warm autumn, when the air temperature is above zero. Looks great with a jacket or V-neck jumper.

"Ascot"

The Ascot knot can be tied very simply. The only problem is the dangling end. front side node. The knot should not be over-tightened. However, this configuration of the scarf does not have a warming function, rather, on the contrary, an image function.

Artist style

Artists usually tie a scarf this way. One end of the scarf is left in front, and the other is thrown behind the back. This option is definitely not for a frosty winter. It will look harmonious at any party or creative meeting.

Two turns

Every man who has to endure cold weather should learn how to tie a scarf this way. Cope with frost or wind by wrapping the item twice around your neck. For this you will need a long scarf, about 170 cm.

How to wear a men's scarf with a coat?

Undoubtedly, a stylish male image is a delicate matter. The coat is predominantly a classic. But who said that a scarf cannot be combined with classic style clothes? It is possible, even necessary!

A scarf is one of the necessary “warm” accessories that goes under a coat. Stylish, solid and warm. Moreover, almost all methods of tying it are suitable for a coat. It’s worth adding one more thing - drape, if you want to add a “stylish” zest to the image. The bottom line is that you don't need to tie a scarf at all. Simply drape it around your neck so that the ends hang freely along the lapels of your coat. Discreet and stylish. How to wear men's coat with a scarf? Photos of the most successful combinations are presented below. Let's consider other options.

How to wear a men's scarf with a jacket?

The jacket is the perfect reflection of the universal. A scarf wrapped around the neck looks good with a jacket. You can also simply wrap yourself in a scarf and hide both ends inside the “loop.”

How to wear a men's scarf? By far, the loop is the most popular method used by stylish young people. You just need to fold the scarf in half and put it around your neck, inserting the ends into the loop. It goes harmoniously with different headwear: from a hat to a knitted cap.

How to wear a scarf-collar correctly?

The clamp, or “pipe,” has gained recognition among both men and women. Usually such products are knitted, although knitted and woolen ones are also found. How to wear men's scarf? You can safely combine the collar with both classic and sports-style items.

And if you are going to combine the collar with a jacket, then do not forget that the color should be monophonic. It looks good when the color shades of the collar and trousers are identical.

A “pipe” (snood), as well as a simply straightened scarf, goes perfectly with denim. Moreover, a denim jacket does not set “color” boundaries.

Sometimes it’s not enough just to learn how to tie a man’s scarf. How to wear it so that the look is complete and stylish? This is the main question. It is important that a man knows how to successfully combine the texture, fabric and color of the scarf with the rest of the elements of the entire look. Don't forget that a scarf will only complement