The child's skin is rough, dry, red. Rough skin in a child: on the legs and arms. Why and what to do? Features of renewal of epidermal cells in children

The skin of a child is somewhat different in its structure from the skin of an adult. She does not sweat as much due to the unbalanced work of the sweat glands. In the outer shell of the skin of babies there are many lipids that protect it from harmful environmental factors. But it is these two circumstances that cause irritation and dry skin. If you take this issue lightly, a child may develop atopic dermatitis, the treatment of which will be long and complex.

Causes of dry skin in a child

How to cure rough skin

If the baby is breastfed for a long time, and the mother is on a diet (no fried, smoked and sweet), this is an excellent protection for the child from redness and skin rashes. The skin of the baby is so thin and delicate that it can suffer from contact with synthetic fabrics, from the use of washing powders.

Most often, children who are on artificial feeding, since the enzymatic system of the child's body is not yet able to break down complex protein compounds, and they subsequently become allergens, coming out in an undissolved form through the excretory system in the form of loose stools and through the pores of the skin. The treatment of atopic dermatitis is primarily proper care for the child.

1. It is necessary to control the air temperature in the room (no more than 20°C) and humidity (no less than 60%). During the heating season, it is recommended to keep a wet towel on the battery or purchase a humidifier.
2. Bathing water, especially in the first weeks of a baby’s life, is best boiled, and lubricated after hygiene procedures fat cream internal folds, wipe the face with hypoallergenic moisturizing wipes.
3. The baby should receive air baths 2-3 times a day, after each change of diapers, let him stay naked for 3-5 minutes. Before a walk, lubricate exposed skin with a moisturizer.

With proper preventive procedures, the baby will not suffer from peeling on the skin. However, an allergen can arise from an individual food intolerance. To begin with, the doctor will prescribe an allergy test for the child to accurately identify and eliminate the food allergen. If these are complex proteins, the child should be transferred to soy mixtures (Frisosoya, Bonasoya or Tutelisoya). In severe cases, the doctor will recommend replacing proteins with one of their components - hydrolysers, which are contained in the Alfare and Nutramigen mixtures, moreover, each new complementary food should be introduced with a minimum dose and the child's condition should be monitored all the time.

Sweets are contraindicated for babies under 1 year old, as they can cause colic and fermentation in the intestines. And most importantly, follow the norm of daily food intake, as excess food that is not absorbed by the intestines is excreted through the pores of the skin.

Dermatitis before a complex of procedures gradually recedes, but often rough dermatitis spots remain on the cheeks, elbows, behind the ears in children. You can get rid of them with medicines, which contain urea, for example, Exipial M lotion or Bepanten ointment is suitable. These funds have an antiseptic and analgesic effect.

The less toxins in the body, the cleaner the baby's skin will be. Sorbents (activated carbon, smecta, enterosgel) help to remove them. They are also shown to mothers who are breastfed.

So that the baby does not comb allergic spots, lubricate them with Fenistil at night, which contains natural glucocoicosteroids. In the remission stage, any kind of hydrolotion helps to get rid of rough spots, which retains liquid on the surface of the skin for 6 hours. It can be purchased at a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription.

It's hard not to be alarmed when the delicate baby skin suddenly becomes rough and rough. What happened why skin became rough and is it dangerous? Go to the doctor or try to cope on your own?

In general, situations when you have to figure out why a child has rough skin can be divided into several fundamentally different groups:

When it's not sick

Dry rough skin in a child can appear both as a result of an illness, and simply under the influence of external factors: cold, wind, friction.

Friction

For example, on a child's elbows, the skin can become rough, wrinkled and dark simply because they are often leaned on while lying down while watching TV or playing with gadgets. The same rough brown or pinkish dry rough spots can appear on the top of the foot if the child has a habit of sitting with one leg tucked under him, which constantly rubs against the upholstery of the chair.

Something similar can happen with the skin of the legs, less often - appear on the hips if you wear woolen pants directly on the body. In this case, rough red spots look like goose bumps. Actually, this is what it is, irritation appears due to the effect of coarse wool on children's skin that has become sensitive in the cold (however, adults have similar problems).

Cold, wind

In children 7-10 years old who begin to walk on their own, chicks on their hands may appear: the result of exposure to cold, moisture and wind (most often when walking in wet mittens or without mittens at all). Small rough pimples appear on the skin, it turns red, peels off.

All these cases do not require the intervention of a doctor. It is enough to change the child's habits so that the skin does not get injured again and again, and lubricate the places of peeling with a fat nourishing cream.

• It could be domestic cream for hands with vitamin F, blue Nivea, vaseline.
• From folk remedies - goose fat.
• It is not recommended to use oils in their pure form: any oil effectively moisturizes only after peeling, when keratinized particles of the epidermis are removed. It is not worth exposing already irritated sensitive skin to scrubbing, so as not to further injure it.

In a newborn and a child up to a year

In the first two weeks of life, dry rough skin, small peeling on the abdomen, on the sides of the child may be a variant of the norm: this happens in about a third of babies. After removing the original lubrication, the skin becomes more sensitive to external influences and dry indoor air (especially in winter when central heating is on) reduces the amount of moisture in the skin. Some special measures are not needed here: it is enough to bathe the baby regularly (provided that the umbilical wound has healed) and after bathing, lubricate the skin with baby oil or milk.

Dry and flaky skin healthy baby may at:

• too dry air in the house,
• excessive use of baby powder,
• too frequent bathing with soap or foam,
• adding string, chamomile, oak bark to the bath.

These are all pretty easy to spot and fix.

Diaper dermatitis

Rough skin on the buttocks of an infant can be a manifestation of diaper dermatitis, when the skin begins to rot due to excess moisture or is injured by a diaper. In this case, in addition to peeling on the skin, red swollen areas appear, which seem more dense and seem to rise above the surface. The reddenings do not have a clear outline, gradually fade away, are often covered with small papules (tubercles), which can spread beyond the area of ​​redness. When the process begins to fade away, the redness disappears, but peeling remains, sometimes rough skin. Diaper dermatitis is always limited to the diaper area, the spots are uneven, often visible "streaks" in the elastic bands.

It is already difficult to call such a situation a variant of the norm, but there is no reason to panic. If you take action in a timely manner, preventing the infection from joining, you can cope with the problem without a doctor. Change the diaper at least every 2 hours. The baby's skin should be kept clean, when changing the diaper, urine residue should be removed with wet wipes. Areas of inflammation are treated with zinc powder or zinc ointment. If the problem is limited to slight redness and peeling, you can use creams with a healing effect (Bepanten).

If at regular care, timely diaper change, the situation does not change within 5 days, you need to see a doctor.

When rough skin is a disease

Allergic diseases:

• Hives
• Atopic dermatitis
• Eczema
• Psoriasis

Other diseases can cause dryness and peeling of the skin:

• follicular hyperkeratosis (goosebumps);
• congenital insufficiency of the thyroid gland (hypothyroidism);
• congenital diabetes;
• a rare hereditary disease - ichthyosis;

As well as some body conditions:

• lack of vitamins;
• helminthic invasion.

Allergic diseases

Allergy is one of the main problems of our time: according to WHO, a third of the population of developed countries already suffers from one or another of its manifestations, and in the future the number of such patients will increase. Supporters of the hygienic theory of allergies believe that the problem is that we live in a too clean, almost sterile world, and the immune system, due to the lack of real “enemies”, attacks the proteins of its own body.

Allergic reactions and diseases associated with excessive allergic readiness of the body often appear on the skin.

Hives

In appearance, this reaction is similar to traces of a nettle burn; the skin becomes rough, bumpy, swells, sometimes blisters appear (and sometimes the case is limited to swelling). The rashes itch and may be painful to the touch. The skin and mucous membranes are affected, the rash can spread throughout the body, on the back and abdomen, or be located only in certain areas (for example, with increased sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, solar urticaria appears only on open areas of the body).

Food allergens (honey, citrus fruits), medicines, insect bites, even cold and sun can provoke hives.

From skin diseases, urticaria is distinguished by the rapid appearance of many elements, while with skin diseases, rashes begin with 1 - 2 elements and spread for some time. Also, unlike skin diseases, urticaria rashes persist for 1 to 2 hours, after which they disappear. The danger of this condition is that the mucosal edema can disrupt the spread to the tissues of the larynx and disrupt breathing - this is called Quincke's edema. This condition requires immediate medical attention.

For the treatment of urticaria, it is necessary to eliminate the allergen and take an antiallergic agent (loratadine, fexofenadine, cetrin). For food allergies, sorbents are recommended (Smecta, Polysorb, Enterosgel, Filtrum), they will bind part of the allergens, preventing them from entering the bloodstream. Fenistil can be used locally.

Atopic dermatitis

This is one of the most common causes of rough skin in a child. According to WHO, up to 15% of the world's population suffers from atopic dermatitis. Girls get sick more often than boys. The disease has a hereditary predisposition: if one of the parents has any allergy, the probability that the baby will develop atopic dermatitis is 20%, if both are allergic, the probability of the disease increases to 60%.

In fact, atopic dermatitis is an immune-dependent inflammation of the skin, during which the formation of the normal stratum corneum and the lipid composition of the skin are disrupted. In Russian, inflammation caused by an allergic reaction causes the skin to produce too little fat and too many dead horny cells, which normally should protect it from external influences, and in atopic dermatitis, accumulate in excessive amounts, make the skin dry and rough.

Symptoms

The manifestation of atopic dermatitis depends on age. Usually the disease manifests itself at 1 year of age. In babies (in a child of 1-2 years old), active inflammation predominates. Red rough spots appear on the skin, covered with small nodules (papules) with small bubbles that burst. forming weeping sores (erosion). Such rashes are located in a one-year-old child on the cheeks, less often - in the forehead and chin, on the hands.

As the child grows older, the nature of the rashes and their prevalence also change. Usually, after two years, rough spots on the skin of a child become not so bright, stop getting wet, and begin to peel off. And the skin itself becomes rough, its pattern intensifies and the lesions look as if wrinkled, they can crack. Eruptions pass to the neck and shoulders, antecubital fossae, shins, popliteal fossae, gluteal folds, hands and feet. All these places are actively itchy, the child scratches them and can cause an infection. Then purulent crusts appear, the temperature rises.

Changes are also possible on the face: the eyelids darken, peel, become wrinkled. Nails due to constant combing become smooth, shiny, their edges grind off.

Usually the disease proceeds as a series of exacerbations and remissions. Exacerbations often occur in the cold season, provoked not only by allergens, but also by stress, colds.

Treatment

Treatment of atopic dermatitis is complex and often ineffective. First of all, it is necessary minimize contact with allergens.

• For this, a special diet is prescribed.

Eggs, chocolate, citrus fruits, strawberries, factory juices, semi-finished products, smoked products are excluded from nutrition. Sometimes this is not enough and it is necessary to purposefully identify foods that the child does not tolerate, for example, cow's milk.

Let us dwell in more detail on nutrition in atopic dermatitis, because in babies it is food allergens that most often provoke the disease. If the disease appeared before the introduction of complementary foods, the mother will have to take care of her diet, excluding the products mentioned above from it. An allergy can also occur to formula milk, then the problem should be discussed with a pediatrician who will help you choose a hypoallergenic product (alas, no hypoallergenic product actually guarantees the absence of a reaction.

If one or both parents are allergic, the baby has a predisposition to atopic dermatitis. In this case, complementary foods should be introduced especially carefully: do not try to diversify tastes by adding one product once a week. Yes, the process will go slower, but it will be possible to track the reaction of the baby.

If the moment has already been missed, and rashes have appeared at some stage of the introduction of complementary foods, you will have to start all over again. For two weeks, the child returns exclusively to breast-feeding. Then complementary foods are started with the minimum doses of one new product, gradually increasing the amount over two weeks. Only if it is well tolerated is the next one added.

In older children, for whom mother's milk is no longer a necessity, but an addition to nutrition, other schemes have to be used. First, almost everything is excluded from the diet. Only rice or buckwheat on water without oil and salt is allowed. It is usually very difficult to go through this stage: the child and, especially, grandmothers, who strive to stick something “delicious” and accuse the young mother of bullying the child, are indignant. Try to find an ally in the family who will take the fire on himself.

After a week of such a strict diet, one new food is added. Further, new products are allowed every three days. Everything eaten and drunk during the day is carefully recorded in the food diary. Pay attention to hidden allergens: for example, eggs are often added to homemade cutlets.

• A change of scenery

If a baby with atopic dermatitis is at home, the environment will also have to be changed. From the apartment you need to remove carpets, curtains and other "dust collectors" in which dust mites start. If there are feather pillows and duvets left in the house, you will have to remove them too. Check the bathroom for fungus: it often starts in hard-to-reach places, tile cracks. The fungus will also have to be removed regularly. Cleaning the house will have to be done every day: mopping can be replaced with a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA filter that does not let in small particles. A conventional vacuum cleaner, on the contrary, only disperses allergens in the air. If finances allow, an air washer can be a good helper, which will maintain the desired level of humidity (which will favorably affect the skin of not only the baby, but also the mother), while cleaning the air from dust.

• Bathing

It is better to bathe the baby without soap and foam. You should not add potassium permanganate to the water - after the umbilical wound has healed, the baby does not need sterility, and manganese dries the skin. Herbs are not useful either - they themselves can become a powerful allergen. After bathing, you can lubricate the baby's skin with special creams - emollients. These creams are produced by many manufacturers. pharmacy cosmetics. They can be used several times a day.

Medical therapy works in two main directions.

External Therapy

Ointments with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects are used.

• Doctors often prescribe ointments with hormones (for example, methylprednisolone acetate) - you don’t need to be afraid of them, these drugs are indicated in clinical guidelines as first-line therapy. Modern ointments with glucocorticoids are safe under the condition of a short course (no more than a month). But it is necessary to strictly observe the dosage. A strip of cream covering the terminal phalanx of the index finger is sufficient to spread over the area of ​​two adult palms. If the area of ​​​​rashes is less, accordingly, you need to take the minimum amount of funds. You can not mix hormonal ointments with petroleum jelly, baby cream - this reduces the concentration of the active substance and the effectiveness of the drug.
• As an alternative to hormonal ointments, pimecrolimus (Elidel), allowed from the age of three months, or tacrolimus (Protopic), allowed from two years of age, can be advised. With frequent exacerbations, pimecrolimus or tacrolimus can be used for prevention, applying twice a week - according to this scheme, they are allowed to be used for a year or more.
• Lesions in the hair are treated with zinc pyrithione shampoos.
• tar like folk remedy treatment of atopic dermatitis is effective, but has a carcinogenic effect.

General therapy or systemic antiallergic drugs

Loratadine (Claritin), ebastine (Kestin), cetirizine (Zyrtec). They reduce itching, especially at night, and swelling of the skin.

Children over three years old with extensive skin manifestations benefit from ultraviolet radiation: if it is not possible to sunbathe, you can use special devices in the physiotherapy rooms of polyclinics.

If atopic dermatitis appeared at 1 year of age, with a probability of 60% it will eventually disappear. In general, the later the disease occurs, the more likely it is to last into adolescence and adulthood.

Eczema

Another hereditary disease caused by the inadequacy of the immune response. Often combined with problems of the gastrointestinal tract and biliary tract.

The skin area turns red and swells, small bubbles appear on it, which burst. leaving behind dot weeping sores (erosion), which doctors call eczematous wells. Then crusts appear on them. As it dissolves, new elements appear nearby, so you can simultaneously see different manifestations - redness, bubbles, erosion, crusts, peeling. The boundaries of the foci are indistinct.

The rashes are symmetrical, the child has rough skin on the arms, legs, face. Damaged areas alternate with clear skin, looking like an "archipelago of islands". After the inflammation subsides, there remain dense darkened (or, conversely, pale) areas with rough thick skin, enhanced pattern, which gradually return to normal.

When the scalp is affected, seborrheic eczema occurs: yellowish or gray scaly and itchy crusts appear in the hair, behind the ears and on the neck, yellowish-pink, as it were, swollen spots, covered with greasy yellow scaly scales.

In children, the first signs of eczema usually appear at 3 to 6 months. Its manifestations are very similar to those of atopic dermatitis, the treatment is also similar: exclude all possible allergens, including food, ointments with glucocorticoids, anti-allergic drugs orally, emollients several times a day to maintain the water-fat balance of the skin.

Psoriasis

Another disease in which skin changes are caused by an inadequate immune response. But unlike previous diseases, with psoriasis, the trigger is an infection: the disease often appears after suffering chickenpox, tonsillitis, intestinal infections, infection with a fungus. Most often this occurs at the age of 4 - 8 years. The second peak of incidence is adolescence.

If in adults psoriasis is a rough dry red scaly plaques, then in children it is most often red swollen spots, very reminiscent of diaper rash, but, unlike diaper rash, flaky. Such spots appear in the folds of the skin, on the genitals, face, head. The plaques itch and flake profusely. especially when combing, often merge. Approximately a third of children change their nails: they appear indentations, transverse stripes. IN adolescence elbows are often affected: groups of plaques with clearly defined boundaries gather around them, the skin is rough and red.

Just like atopic dermatitis or eczema, psoriasis gets worse. then goes into remission. The skin can be completely cleansed, or there may be a few "duty" plaques. The duration of remission ranges from a few weeks to decades.

Treatment of psoriasis begins with local therapy, the purpose of which is to remove peeling. To do this, use ointments based on salicylic acid, which soften the horny scales. The ointment is applied at night, washed off in the morning and lubricated plaques with ointments with corticosteroids.

In severe cases, retinoids are prescribed orally - drugs based on active forms vitamin A. But this is really a therapy for extreme conditions, which requires mandatory medical supervision.

Ultraviolet radiation helps well: it is useful for such children to sunbathe, and in winter to use artificial sources of ultraviolet radiation.

Just like with atopic dermatitis, a hypoallergenic diet is prescribed.

The manifestations of many skin diseases are very similar, it is difficult for a non-specialist to distinguish from descriptions different types rash. No need to try to diagnose and prescribe treatment yourself - there are dermatologists for this.

Often, parents, bathing their child or performing daily hygiene procedures, notice a rough spot that was not previously on the baby's body. Naturally, a new manifestation disturbs and worries parents, and many begin to get rid of it on their own, which, of course, doctors categorically forbid to do. Moms and dads should get an appointment with a pediatrician as soon as possible so that he can find out the cause of roughness, gave effective recommendations to help the child.

It is necessary to monitor the cleanliness of the skin of babies very carefully, because the rough skin of the baby appears throughout the body, and in some places:

• on the head, especially behind the ears and on the cheeks;
• on legs and arms;
• on the stomach and buttocks.

Most often, by the evening, redness becomes more noticeable, the child tries his best to scratch the inflamed places. Adults will not be able to eliminate the rash on their own, because the treatment will be effective and will give desired result only after identifying the cause of the symptom, and only a pediatrician can do this after a thorough examination of a small patient.

If parents do not want to aggravate an already difficult situation, then a visit to the children's clinic should not be postponed.

After birth, during just the first few days, the baby's skin has not yet been completely cleansed of the original natural lubricant, with the help of which newborns go through the birth canal much easier and adapt to new living conditions.

But after this time, it is from the limbs that it disappears the fastest. This leads to dry skin, rashes and roughness. Manifestations take place on the arms and legs, since the sweat glands and metabolic processes in the child's body do not yet work in full force, so dry skin in these places is quite common.

Komarovsky, a well-known pediatrician, is convinced that roughness will be more pronounced if parents use unsettled water for evening bathing, which contains a lot of bleach. It is necessary to add a supersaturated decoction based on medicinal chamomile or string to the water.

On the skin of the face of children, more often on the cheeks, rashes and roughness are caused by allergens of household origin, that is, food. The reason for this manifestation is the products that the nursing mother consumes, or introduced into complementary foods. The baby's digestive tract is not yet able to cope with the latter, for example:

1. Whole cow's milk.
2. Chicken eggs.
3. Citrus fruits and nuts.

The rash appears as red or pink spots that are flaky and itchy. Behind the ears of newborns, redness may appear due to frequent leakage of the nutrient mixture or breast milk into this area, the excess of which the parents do not eliminate in a timely manner.

A dry spot on the fontanel or in the forehead is observed in almost all newborns. If parents do not take measures to combat this, after a while dry scales will spread throughout the head and will not allow the hair follicle to develop. You can eliminate roughness on the head with the help of special baby oils and a soft brush, with their help, dry scales must be removed daily and very carefully to prevent their spread.

Rough and dry skin on the abdomen of a baby is most often manifested due to the following reasons:

• low-quality powder that erases children's things;
• due to the use of unsettled water for bathing the baby;
• overheating of the baby's body, expressed by a spot on the stomach (popularly called "sweating");
• unbalanced and improper diet.

Initially, redness appears on the face, then it can spread to the abdomen and to the baby's ass. To give the newborn skin elasticity and get rid of redness, parents should introduce any new product into the diet of children under 2 years of age, very carefully, be sure to monitor how the child's body reacts to new complementary foods.

If a rash and redness appear on the skin after the introduction of the product, this product should be abandoned for a while. A mother who is breastfeeding should also stick to a diet, but at the same time make sure that her diet is high-calorie and varied. Only an experienced nutritionist can choose a complete, vitamin-rich menu that will not cause an allergic reaction in a baby and a nursing mother. Therefore, if parents want their child to receive vitamin, mineral-fortified food, and at the same time, allergic reactions do not appear on his delicate skin, you should make an appointment at the hospital. The advice of a specialist will not hurt anyone, and additional recommendations will help parents remove roughness and itching from the baby's skin.

Many parents are interested in: is it possible to use medicines to eliminate the roughness of the baby's skin? Of course, such a treatment method exists, but only a doctor can prescribe it after a thorough examination of a small patient. More often drug treatment a complex is prescribed, and in the event that the allergy is in an advanced stage of development. The doctor may prescribe:

1. Smektu or Sorbogel to remove toxic substances from the baby's body. A mother who is breastfeeding should take similar drugs with her baby.
2. Medicated creams based on glucocorticosteroids, which are prescribed by a doctor individually for each child.
3. In a severe form of the disease, the doctor may prescribe calcium gluconate, as well as antihistamine medications.

Adults must ensure that the skin of the child does not dry out. Help with this special creams and lotions to be applied to the baby's delicate skin at least 3 times a day and after each bath.

The roughness and dryness of the skin of the child should not be ignored. Such a manifestation in itself does not pose a particular danger and most often disappears in 2 years. But if the manifestation develops rapidly, then serious diseases can occur, for example, bronchial asthma or eczema.

For many young parents, dry and rough skin in a child causes anxiety and excitement. A newborn may develop dry skin of the head, hands, feet, and without timely, proper treatment and prevention under the supervision of a doctor, these symptoms can result in a chronic form of the disease. Skin diseases are dealt with by specialist doctors: an allergist and a dermatologist. But before turning to them, you can try to figure out for yourself the causes of dry, rough skin in a child.

Newborn acne can cause sudden onset of red rashes on the face and dry, rough skin. This phenomenon is quite common among newborns, caused by an excess of hormones in the body. Until the age of two months, this is quite normal and goes away on its own.

If the child is already more than two months old, and the rashes on the body have not gone away and even increased, forming dry spots, then these may be signs of atopic dermatitis caused by external stimuli. External stimuli include baby food (various dry mixes and even mother's breast milk). Mothers should monitor their diet, taking care of the health of the child. Many allergens (dust, cosmetics, animal hair, washing powder, medicines, etc.) can also cause atopic dermatitis to appear on the skin of a child. Even dry air in your apartment can become an external irritant. Unfortunately, in our time, an increasing number of newborns suffer from manifestations of atopic dermatitis.

Frequent walks with a newborn in windy and frosty weather can also cause rough skin in a child. The exposed parts of the baby's body suffer the most from this: the face and hands.

However, to make an accurate diagnosis and indicate the cause of the rough, red skin in a child, only a doctor can prescribe the correct treatment. Parents can take care of the baby's skin at the first sign of rashes, as well as for the prevention and prevention of the disease.

First of all, start with wet cleaning in the apartment, limit the baby’s contact with pets, remove all potential sources of allergies and possible external irritants from the child’s room (natural fluff pillows, carpets, runners, soft toys). For baby clothes that come into contact with the body, it is recommended to use cotton materials. It is not recommended to use items made of natural wool and fur as outerwear.

Walk with your baby as often as possible fresh air protecting it from wind and drafts. During the walk, try to ventilate the child's room. During the heating season, the air in the apartment becomes too dry, during this period it is recommended to use a humidifier to create a favorable microclimate.

Particular attention should be paid to the nutrition of the child and the nursing mother. Mom should not eat foods that can cause allergies in a child (some types of fruits, a lot of sweets, etc.). If the baby is bottle-fed, then choose the right hypoallergenic mixture. They come in two varieties: protein-free and lactose-free, containing no milk sugar. Therefore, before purchasing an artificial mixture, it is necessary to find out which element can cause an allergic reaction in the body in the form of rough, red skin in a child. To do this, you should consult an allergist. To keep track of the baby's diet, be sure to start a food diary in which you indicate all the baby's foods and the body's reaction to them. This will allow you to track which foods can cause rashes and the appearance of rough spots on the baby's skin.

When introducing the first complementary foods to your baby's diet, do not start with juices and fruit purees, as these are the ones that can often cause an allergic reaction in the body. As the first complementary foods, it is better to use one-component vegetable purees. Mashed cauliflower and zucchini are considered one of the most low-allergenic foods for babies. Having introduced a new dish into the baby's diet, do not switch to another during the week, this will allow you to understand which component is contraindicated for the child. Remember careful attitude to the health of the baby in the first years of his life will allow you to get rid of the allergic reactions of the body in the form of rough skin in the child. And upon reaching the age of three, you will be happy to note that your child is not allergic. Otherwise, with an advanced form of atopic dermatitis, there is a possibility of developing another terrible form - bronchial asthma. Take care of your newborn babies, do not let this happen.

Limit daily water activities and bathe the baby every other day. Watch the temperature of the water when bathing, hot water dries the baby's skin. Recommended bathing temperatures are 37 - 38 degrees. For bathing, it is recommended to use not running chlorinated water, but boiled water. After washing, rinse baby clothes with pre-boiled water. For bathing and washing children's clothes, use baby soap or hypoallergenic shampoos and washing powders.

After bathing the baby, in order to prevent dry skin, use baby cream, moisturizing milk or Bepanthen ointment. This ointment perfectly moisturizes and soothes irritated, dry, rough skin in a child, treats diaper dermatitis, skin diaper rash and other inflammations. In the winter season, before walking with the baby on the street, lubricate the child's hands and cheeks with baby cream that does not contain water. For the treatment of dry, rough spots on the skin of a child, do not use hormonal-based ointments without a doctor's prescription. This can harm your child's health by causing hormonal changes in the body.

By adhering to these elementary, uncomplicated rules, you will not only protect your child from allergic reactions and skin problems, but also give your child the opportunity to develop strong immunity for many years to come. Take care of the health of your children!

It happens like this: inexperienced parents realize too late that their child has too rough skin on the body, bringing him a lot of inconvenience and discomfort. By the way, such a phenomenon may be a sign of enough serious illnesses, and it is important to undergo a comprehensive examination in a children's clinic on time.

Why does the children's epidermis peel off?

Rough skin in a child can be caused by a list of the following reasons:

Atopic dermatitis

This allergic reaction in babies is faced by mothers who, in the process breastfeeding smoke, take antibiotics or hormonal drugs, do not follow a diet and do not adhere to the rules of their own and children's hygiene.

Irritant factors that can cause rough skin on the body, legs and arms of a child are:

• pet hair;
• tobacco smoke;
• household cleaners and detergents;
• food, unsuitable infant formula, and even mother's milk, which contains substances that are not perceived by the child's body.

In any situation, dryness is local in nature, and does not spread throughout the skin. If there is a parallel infection with streptococcus, then weeping and bad-smelling crusts will begin to form on the child's body.

If you turn to a specialist at the initial stage of the disease, then it is quickly and simply treated. Launched forms are accompanied by constant itching, the appearance of sores and bursting vesicles, eczema, allergic rhinitis and even bronchial asthma.

Dry skin treatment

The choice of therapy depends entirely on why the child has rough skin. For example, if the problem is caused by too dry air in the house, then frequent ventilation, installation of specific climate equipment, daily wet cleaning, elimination of their premises are recommended. soft toys, heavy curtains and carpeting.

If the first red rough spot, and all subsequent pockets of dryness on the skin of a child, are the result of passive smoking, his parents will either have to completely get rid of addiction to tobacco, or smoke outside their home.

One of the options for why the dermis peels off in babies may be the use of synthetic items in children's wardrobe and inappropriate care products. For example, your child’s clothes should be washed with special hypoallergenic and phosphate-free powders, rinsed three times, and the child’s dishes should be washed with soda or just hot water.

Bathing is organized using filtered water, adding decoctions of burdock, wren or yarrow to the bath. It is permissible to use soap and shampoos only a couple of times a week, and after water procedures, rub the child's body with milk or lotion with a moisturizing effect.

Treatment of skin roughness in dermatitis

Rough skin on the body and legs of a child becomes a good reason to visit pediatrician. If a diagnosis of "dermatitis" is made, then the specialist will offer to adjust the diet of the mother and her child. At the same time, he will conduct a survey to identify a possible allergen. In a nursing woman, stool frequency is monitored to exclude intoxication of blood and milk.

In the event that the baby is bottle-fed, it is transferred to soy or lactose-free mixtures. Often redness, dryness and peeling of the skin can be triggered by the introduction of complementary foods. In this situation, it is recommended to return to the usual food, and start complementary foods a little later.

Exotic fruits and sweets, foods with preservatives and dyes, honey and other allergens are completely removed from the diet of a child with dermatitis. He is provided with the correct drinking regimen, a specific diet is prescribed and regular bowel movements are achieved.

Parents often face a problem when a child develops dry skin on their legs. Roughness in many cases becomes the main manifestation of a certain condition or in combination with additional symptoms. The appearance of peeling is a good reason to see a doctor. It is important to start from childhood to take care of the baby's skin, which creates a protective barrier for microorganisms.

Most sensitive skin on legs in infants is considered up to 3 years of life. An additional factor risk is the autumn-winter period, when the wind outside becomes cold and the ambient temperature drops significantly.

The following circumstances that cause peeling of the skin may also join:

• Improper care of the baby to protect it from ultraviolet rays.
• Use of poor quality personal care products.
• Bathing the baby in water above 38°C.
• Temperature changes.
• The child's stay in a room with low humidity air.
• Eating disorder.
• Insufficient intake of water in the body.

To protect the baby from the sun's rays, special means are used, but a careful approach is important here. An improperly selected cream will tighten the skin and cause peeling. The first will be the places subject to friction - the legs.

The best hygiene products are those that are colorless, odorless and have hypoallergenic properties. A poor-quality set of ingredients in the composition will lead not only to the roughness of the baby's legs, but also to rashes or itching.

Damage to tissues is caused by low humidity air in the room. This is how it becomes high temperature environment outdoors and during the heating period.

A special role is represented by proper nutrition of the baby. It gives elasticity, firmness and healthy skin to the baby's skin. appearance. Deficiency of vitamins and other components makes it dry and flabby. Often the baby's body has a high need for foods rich in nutrients in the spring.

The sun for the baby, especially in the first years of life, is essential. With it, he gets vitamin D. The most favorable time for walking is 9-10 am and 7-8 pm.

Ichthyosis

Some diseases are manifested by dryness on the legs. SARS, skin diseases (psoriasis, eczema, ichthyosis), hypothyroidism, lichen, diabetes and infections are among them. The surface becomes rough and rough when the body does not receive enough fluid to keep the tissues in good shape.

This is especially true of the legs, which are a distant part of the body. The body with a shortage of water has to spend the incoming fluid on the main functions to maintain life.

Treatment of peeling skin in a child on legs

When a mother notices peeling on her legs in her baby, it is necessary to establish the cause of this condition. In most situations, an integrated approach to treatment is required. Before going outside, fabrics must be protected with a high-quality cream from ultraviolet rays.

It is not recommended to bathe a child in hot water. Because of this, the moisture that saturates the tissues quickly leaves them and children's skin becomes especially sensitive.

In cold weather, it is best to treat the baby's legs with a protective agent before walking.

It is important to maintain an optimal environment indoors as well. In the fight against the problem of dry air in the room, room humidifiers have proven themselves well.

Proper nutrition

You can not be limited only to caring for the external condition of the baby's tissues. The correct diet of the mother, breastfeeding and the child is important. Dietary recommendations can be used as measures to prevent skin flaking.

The following products will be useful in treating this problem:

The product is given to babies in accordance with age and in the amount allowed to him. It is important to consider that there are dishes that remove water from the body. It's fried, sweet and fatty. The child should drink the norm of water not only in accordance with age, but also a little more to make up for the deficit. The amount of liquid consumed is set by the doctor so as not to give him more than he needs.

Treatment of diseases

The skin and body of an infant in the first years of life are sensitive to a large number of microorganisms. With absence good care tissues lose their protective properties, which often leads to diseases.

Cream based on urea intensively softens the skin. It easily fights not only coarsened tissues, but also cracks.

The appearance of peeling on the legs becomes the cause of skin diseases in most cases. It is necessary to exclude the appearance of psoriasis. If the diagnosis is confirmed, then hormonal and moisturizing creams and pastes are applied to the flaky surface. At the same time, drugs are taken orally.

Problems with the thyroid gland are eliminated by taking medications to correct its function. When peeling due to allergic reactions, antihistamines are used. Children under one year old are allowed to give Tavegil, Fenkarol, Donormil.

• erius;
• claritin;
• cetrin;
• diazolin.

Vitamins of groups A and E maintain the elasticity and moisture of tissues. In order for them to be better absorbed, it is recommended to apply a few drops on a piece of black bread and give it to the baby. When cracks on the legs join peeling, they are lubricated with nourishing and healing agents. In addition to this, cotton socks should be worn for the baby.

Folk recipes for peeling skin

Well able to take care of the dry legs of the product traditional medicine. Before use, you need to take into account all medical recommendations and individual reactions of the baby.

Suitable for these purposes:

• Baths.
• Compresses with lemon juice.
• Cucumber tincture.

Beforehand, oils are added to the foot bath. They soften and nourish the rough epidermis. The duration of the procedure should not exceed 10 minutes. In addition to oils, decoctions of chamomile and rose petals cope with peeling.

Lemon juice used for compresses has a softening effect. Several napkins are impregnated with it and applied to problem areas of the fabric. The duration of the compress is not more than 10 minutes.

Cucumber tincture not only moisturizes, but also refreshes tissues. Fresh slices are poured with vodka and left in the light for 12-14 days. Then the problem areas on the legs are wiped with a towel with the resulting solution.

It is important to remember that timely treatment and an integrated approach will quickly solve the problem if dryness appears on the baby's legs. So that he is not bothered by peeling, it is important preventive measures and caring for the baby.